Grammar parses for passage 1.29.13
Open translation for this passage
εἰσὶ δὲ ἐπʼ ἄλλῃ στήλῃ καὶ οἱ μαχεσάμενοι περὶ Θρᾴκην καὶ ἐν Μεγάροις καὶ ἡνίκα Ἀρκάδας τοὺς ἐν Μαντινείᾳ καὶ Ἠλείους ἔπεισεν Ἀλκιβιάδης Λακεδαιμονίων ἀποστῆναι καὶ οἱ πρὶν ἐς Σικελίαν ἀφικέσθαι Δημοσθένην Συρακουσίων κρατήσαντες.
The sentence has εἰσὶ as its root, with three coordinated substantival groups: οἱ μαχεσάμενοι, the ἡνίκα clause, and οἱ ... κρατήσαντες; the final participial group contains a πρίν + infinitive temporal clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 στήλῃ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 4 | ἄλλῃ | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 στήλῃ | amod | high | |
| 5 | στήλῃ | στήλη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 εἰσὶ | obl | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | cc | high | |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | det | high | |
| 8 | μαχεσάμενοι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Med | 1 εἰσὶ | conj | high | Substantival participle, coordinated with later οἱ ... κρατήσαντες. |
| 9 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 Θρᾴκην | case | high | |
| 10 | Θρᾴκην | Θρᾴκη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | obl | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 Μεγάροις | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Μεγάροις | case | high | |
| 13 | Μεγάροις | Μέγαρα | PROPN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | obl | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἔπεισεν | cc | high | Coordinates the following ἡνίκα clause with the preceding event descriptions. |
| 15 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 22 ἔπεισεν | mark | high | |
| 16 | Ἀρκάδας | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἀποστῆναι | obj | high | Subject of ἀποστῆναι. |
| 17 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Ἀρκάδας | det | high | |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 Μαντινείᾳ | case | high | |
| 19 | Μαντινείᾳ | Μαντίνεια | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 Ἀρκάδας | nmod | high | Locative modifier of τοὺς Ἀρκάδας. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 Ἠλείους | cc | high | |
| 21 | Ἠλείους | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἀποστῆναι | obj | high | Coordinated accusative subject of ἀποστῆναι. |
| 22 | ἔπεισεν | πείθω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | conj | high | Finite verb of the ἡνίκα temporal clause. |
| 23 | Ἀλκιβιάδης | Ἀλκιβιάδης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἔπεισεν | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἀποστῆναι | obl | high | Genitive of separation with ἀποστῆναι. |
| 25 | ἀποστῆναι | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 22 ἔπεισεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἔπεισεν; accusative subject is Ἀρκάδας καὶ Ἠλείους. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 34 κρατήσαντες | cc | high | |
| 27 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 κρατήσαντες | det | high | |
| 28 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 ἀφικέσθαι | mark | high | Introduces an infinitival temporal clause. |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 30 Σικελίαν | case | high | |
| 30 | Σικελίαν | Σικελία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἀφικέσθαι | obl | high | |
| 31 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Med | 34 κρατήσαντες | advcl | high | Temporal infinitive governed by πρίν. |
| 32 | Δημοσθένην | Δημοσθένης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 κρατήσαντες | obj | high | Object of κρατήσαντες. |
| 33 | Συρακουσίων | Συρακόσιοι | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 κρατήσαντες | obj | medium | Genitive object/partitive genitive with κρατέω; syntactically dependent on the participle. |
| 34 | κρατήσαντες | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 εἰσὶ | conj | high | Substantival participle, coordinated with μαχεσάμενοι; οἱ is its article. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | punct | high |
ἐτάφησαν δὲ καὶ οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον ναυμαχήσαντες καὶ ὅσοι Μακεδόνων ἐναντία ἠγωνίσαντο ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ καὶ οἱ μετὰ Κλέωνος ἐς Ἀμφίπολιν στρατεύσαντες, οἵ τε ἐν Δηλίῳ τῷ Ταναγραίων τελευτήσαντες καὶ ὅσους ἐς Θεσσαλίαν Λεωσθένης ἤγαγε καὶ οἱ πλεύσαντες ἐς Κύπρον ὁμοῦ Κίμωνι, τῶν τε σὺν Ὀλυμπιοδώρῳ τὴν φρουρὰν ἐκβαλόντων τριῶν καὶ δέκα ἄνδρες οὐ πλείους.
The sentence has a passive impersonal plural verb ἐτάφησαν with coordinated substantivized article-plus-participial groups; ὅσοι/ὅσους introduce coordinated relative clauses, while the final genitive absolute specifies the group of no more than thirteen men. Some attachment among the coordinated groups is structurally uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐτάφησαν | θάπτω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐτάφησαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 οἱ | cc | high | |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ναυμαχήσαντες | nsubj:pass | high | Substantivizes the participial group. |
| 5 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | _ | 7 Ἑλλήσποντον | case | high | |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἑλλήσποντον | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἑλλήσποντον | Ἑλλήσποντος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ναυμαχήσαντες | obl | high | |
| 8 | ναυμαχήσαντες | ναυμαχέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 ἐτάφησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Participial predicate of οἱ. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ὅσοι | cc | high | |
| 10 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | PX-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἠγωνίσαντο | nsubj | medium | Relative quantifier with substantival force. |
| 11 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐναντία | obl | high | Partitive genitive. |
| 12 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἠγωνίσαντο | obj | medium | Substantivized/neuter plural, ‘against’; exact complement relation is idiomatic. |
| 13 | ἠγωνίσαντο | ἀγωνίζομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 1 ἐτάφησαν | conj | high | |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 15 Χαιρωνείᾳ | case | high | |
| 15 | Χαιρωνείᾳ | Χαιρώνεια | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἠγωνίσαντο | obl | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 οἱ | cc | high | |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 στρατεύσαντες | nsubj | high | Substantivizes the participial group. |
| 18 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | P | _ | 19 Κλέωνος | case | high | |
| 19 | Κλέωνος | Κλέων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 στρατεύσαντες | obl | high | |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 21 Ἀμφίπολιν | case | high | |
| 21 | Ἀμφίπολιν | Ἀμφίπολις | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 στρατεύσαντες | obl | high | |
| 22 | στρατεύσαντες | στρατεύω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 ἐτάφησαν | conj | high | Participial predicate of οἱ. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 στρατεύσαντες | punct | high | |
| 24 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | RR-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 τελευτήσαντες | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing a coordinated group. |
| 25 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 οἵ | cc | high | Correlative τε with later τε. |
| 26 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 27 Δηλίῳ | case | high | |
| 27 | Δηλίῳ | Δήλιον | PROPN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 τελευτήσαντες | obl | high | |
| 28 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 Ταναγραίων | det | high | |
| 29 | Ταναγραίων | Ταναγραῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 Δηλίῳ | nmod | high | Ethnic adjective used attributively. |
| 30 | τελευτήσαντες | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 ἐτάφησαν | conj | high | |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 ὅσους | cc | high | |
| 32 | ὅσους | ὅσος | PRON | PX-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 ἤγαγε | obj | high | Relative quantifier, object of ἤγαγε. |
| 33 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 34 Θεσσαλίαν | case | high | |
| 34 | Θεσσαλίαν | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 ἤγαγε | obl | high | |
| 35 | Λεωσθένης | Λεωσθένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 ἤγαγε | nsubj | high | |
| 36 | ἤγαγε | ἄγω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 32 ὅσους | acl:relcl | high | |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 38 οἱ | cc | high | |
| 38 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 πλεύσαντες | nsubj | high | Substantivizes the participial group. |
| 39 | πλεύσαντες | πλέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 ἐτάφησαν | conj | high | |
| 40 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 41 Κύπρον | case | high | |
| 41 | Κύπρον | Κύπρος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 πλεύσαντες | obl | high | |
| 42 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | ADV | _ | 39 πλεύσαντες | advmod | high | |
| 43 | Κίμωνι | Κίμων | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ὁμοῦ | obl | medium | Dative of accompaniment with ὁμοῦ. |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 πλεύσαντες | punct | high | |
| 45 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 51 ἐκβαλόντων | det | high | Article with genitive absolute participle. |
| 46 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 45 τῶν | cc | medium | Correlative/continuative τε; attachment is uncertain. |
| 47 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | P | _ | 48 Ὀλυμπιοδώρῳ | case | high | |
| 48 | Ὀλυμπιοδώρῳ | Ὀλυμπιόδωρος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 51 ἐκβαλόντων | obl | high | |
| 49 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 50 φρουρὰν | det | high | |
| 50 | φρουρὰν | φρουρά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 51 ἐκβαλόντων | obj | high | |
| 51 | ἐκβαλόντων | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-AAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 55 ἄνδρες | acl | medium | Genitive absolute; outer attachment to ἄνδρες is structurally approximate. |
| 52 | τριῶν | τρεῖς | NUM | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 55 ἄνδρες | nummod | high | Genitive numeral modifying ἄνδρες. |
| 53 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 54 δέκα | cc | high | |
| 54 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | N-APN | Case=Acc|Number=Plur | 55 ἄνδρες | nummod | medium | Indeclinable numeral; case feature is syntactically supplied by the quantified phrase. |
| 55 | ἄνδρες | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἐτάφησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of the passive ἐτάφησαν; final quantificational phrase is appositional/clarifying. |
| 56 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | _ | 57 πλείους | advmod | high | |
| 57 | πλείους | πολύς | ADJ | A-APM-CMP | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 55 ἄνδρες | amod | medium | Comparative adjective in a quantified expression, ‘no more than’. |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐτάφησαν | punct | high |