Grammar parses for passage 1.29.13
Open translation for this passage
εἰσὶ δὲ ἐπʼ ἄλλῃ στήλῃ καὶ οἱ μαχεσάμενοι περὶ Θρᾴκην καὶ ἐν Μεγάροις καὶ ἡνίκα Ἀρκάδας τοὺς ἐν Μαντινείᾳ καὶ Ἠλείους ἔπεισεν Ἀλκιβιάδης Λακεδαιμονίων ἀποστῆναι καὶ οἱ πρὶν ἐς Σικελίαν ἀφικέσθαι Δημοσθένην Συρακουσίων κρατήσαντες.
The sentence is a long coordinated catalogue; the main difficulty is assigning internal structure to the participial phrases and the genitive complements of the infinitives/participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-3PPI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential root. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 στήλῃ | case | high | Governed by στήλῃ. |
| 4 | ἄλλῃ | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 στήλῃ | amod | high | Modifies στήλῃ. |
| 5 | στήλῃ | στήλη | NOUN | N-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 εἰσὶ | obl | high | Dative PP with ἐπʼ. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 οἱ | cc | high | Coords with following article/noun phrase. |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | det | high | Article introducing substantivized participle. |
| 8 | μαχεσάμενοι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-APMNP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 εἰσὶ | nsubj | high | Substantival participle, subject of εἰσὶ. |
| 9 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | obl | medium | Introduces topic/object of fighting; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 10 | Θρᾴκην | Θρᾴκη | PROPN | N-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 περὶ | obj | high | Object of περὶ. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | cc | high | Coordination within the participial phrase. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | obl | medium | Second prepositional phrase dependent on participle. |
| 13 | Μεγάροις | Μέγαρα | PROPN | N-DPN--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἐν | obj | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἡνίκα | cc | high | Coordinates clauses/phrases. |
| 15 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 22 ἔπεισεν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator introducing clause. |
| 16 | Ἀρκάδας | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἔπεισεν | obj | high | Object of ἔπεισεν. |
| 17 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Ἠλείους | det | high | Article modifying Ἠλείους. |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 Ἠλείους | case | high | Preposition with Μαντινείᾳ. |
| 19 | Μαντινείᾳ | Μαντίνεια | PROPN | N-DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐν | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 Ἠλείους | cc | high | Coordinates accusative objects. |
| 21 | Ἠλείους | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N-APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Ἀρκάδας | appos | medium | Likely apposition/parallel object to Ἀρκάδας. |
| 22 | ἔπεισεν | πείθω | VERB | V-3SAIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 μαχεσάμενοι | conj | high | Finite verb within temporal clause sequence. |
| 23 | Ἀλκιβιάδης | Ἀλκιβιάδης | PROPN | N-NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἔπεισεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔπεισεν. |
| 24 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἀποστῆναι | obj | medium | Genitive with infinitive; likely dependent on ἀποστῆναι. |
| 25 | ἀποστῆναι | ἀποφίστημι | VERB | V-AAN--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 22 ἔπεισεν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of persuasion. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 οἱ | cc | high | Coords with following participial clause. |
| 27 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 κρατήσαντες | det | high | Article with substantivized participle. |
| 28 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 31 ἀφικέσθαι | mark | high | Introduces temporal infinitival clause. |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 ἀφικέσθαι | case | high | Preposition with Σικελίαν. |
| 30 | Σικελίαν | Σικελία | PROPN | N-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ἐς | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 31 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-ANM--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 34 κρατήσαντες | advcl | high | Infinitival clause dependent on participle. |
| 32 | Δημοσθένην | Δημοσθένης | PROPN | N-ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 κρατήσαντες | obj | high | Object of κρατήσαντες. |
| 33 | Συρακουσίων | Συρακούσιος | PROPN | N-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 κρατήσαντες | obl | medium | Likely genitive complement with κρατήσαντες/κρατέω. |
| 34 | κρατήσαντες | κρατέω | VERB | V-APMNP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 εἰσὶ | conj | high | Final substantival/participial segment coordinated with earlier subject. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐτάφησαν δὲ καὶ οἱ περὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον ναυμαχήσαντες καὶ ὅσοι Μακεδόνων ἐναντία ἠγωνίσαντο ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ καὶ οἱ μετὰ Κλέωνος ἐς Ἀμφίπολιν στρατεύσαντες, οἵ τε ἐν Δηλίῳ τῷ Ταναγραίων τελευτήσαντες καὶ ὅσους ἐς Θεσσαλίαν Λεωσθένης ἤγαγε καὶ οἱ πλεύσαντες ἐς Κύπρον ὁμοῦ Κίμωνι, τῶν τε σὺν Ὀλυμπιοδώρῳ τὴν φρουρὰν ἐκβαλόντων τριῶν καὶ δέκα ἄνδρες οὐ πλείους.
Main clause with a long coordinated list of substantival participial phrases; final appositional/ellipsis-like nominal predicate around 'ἄνδρες οὐ πλείους'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐτάφησαν | θάπτω | VERB | V-3API-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἐτάφησαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 οἱ | cc | medium | Coordinating the first listed group with following groups. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 ναυμαχήσαντες | det | high | Article substantivizing participle. |
| 5 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 ναυμαχήσαντες | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ἑλλήσποντον | det | high | Article with object of περί. |
| 7 | Ἑλλήσποντον | Ἑλλήσποντος | PROPN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 περὶ | obj | high | Object of περί. |
| 8 | ναυμαχήσαντες | ναυμαχέω | VERB | V-AAP-PNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ἐτάφησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Substantival participle functioning as subject of ἐτάφησαν. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ὅσοι | cc | high | Coordinating the following relative-substantival group. |
| 10 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | Pk-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 13 ἠγωνίσαντο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun used substantively. |
| 11 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐναντία | nmod | medium | Genitive with ἐναντία; relation uncertain. |
| 12 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἠγωνίσαντο | obj | low | Likely adverbial/accusative of respect with ἠγωνίσαντο; morphology is uncertain. |
| 13 | ἠγωνίσαντο | ἀγωνίζομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 10 ὅσοι | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb in relative clause. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 ἠγωνίσαντο | case | high | Preposition. |
| 15 | Χαιρωνείᾳ | Χαιρώνεια | PROPN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐν | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 οἱ | cc | high | Coordinating next subject phrase. |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 22 στρατεύσαντες | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 18 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 στρατεύσαντες | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 19 | Κλέωνος | Κλέων | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 μετὰ | obl | high | Object of μετά. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 Ἀμφίπολιν | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 21 | Ἀμφίπολιν | Ἀμφίπολις | PROPN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐς | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 22 | στρατεύσαντες | στρατεύω | VERB | V-AAP-PNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ἐτάφησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Substantival participle coordinated with earlier subjects. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 στρατεύσαντες | punct | high | Comma. |
| 24 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | Pk-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 30 τελευτήσαντες | nsubj | high | Relative/substantival pronoun. |
| 25 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 24 οἵ | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 26 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 τελευτήσαντες | case | high | Preposition. |
| 27 | Δηλίῳ | Δήλιον | PROPN | N-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἐν | obl | medium | Place-name as dative with ἐν; form may be place-name or adjective. |
| 28 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 Ταναγραίων | det | high | Article with genitive noun in apposition/ellipsis. |
| 29 | Ταναγραίων | Ταναγραῖοι | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 τελευτήσαντες | nmod | medium | Likely genitive limiting τελευτήσαντες; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 30 | τελευτήσαντες | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAP-PNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 οἵ | acl:relcl | high | Participial clause modifying οἵ. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 ὅσους | cc | high | Coordinating another relative/substantival clause. |
| 32 | ὅσους | ὅσος | PRON | Pk-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 36 ἤγαγε | obj | high | Relative pronoun as object of ἤγαγε. |
| 33 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 36 ἤγαγε | case | high | Preposition. |
| 34 | Θεσσαλίαν | Θεσσαλία | PROPN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 ἐς | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 35 | Λεωσθένης | Λεωσθένης | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 ἤγαγε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἤγαγε. |
| 36 | ἤγαγε | ἄγω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 32 ὅσους | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb in relative clause. |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 38 οἱ | cc | high | Coordinating next subject phrase. |
| 38 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 39 πλεύσαντες | det | high | Article substantivizing participle. |
| 39 | πλεύσαντες | πλέω | VERB | V-AAP-PNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ἐτάφησαν | nsubj:pass | high | Substantival participle. |
| 40 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 39 πλεύσαντες | case | high | Preposition. |
| 41 | Κύπρον | Κύπρος | PROPN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 ἐς | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 42 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 39 πλεύσαντες | advmod | high | Adverb modifying participle. |
| 43 | Κίμωνι | Κίμων | PROPN | N-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ὁμοῦ | obl | high | Dative of accompaniment with ὁμοῦ. |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 πλεύσαντες | punct | high | Comma. |
| 45 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 51 ἐκβαλόντων | det | high | Article with genitive participle. |
| 46 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 45 τῶν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 47 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 51 ἐκβαλόντων | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 48 | Ὀλυμπιοδώρῳ | Ὀλυμπιόδωρος | PROPN | N-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 47 σὺν | obl | high | Object of σύν. |
| 49 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 50 φρουρὰν | det | high | Article with noun. |
| 50 | φρουρὰν | φρουρά | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 51 ἐκβαλόντων | obj | high | Object of participle. |
| 51 | ἐκβαλόντων | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-AAP-PMG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 55 ἄνδρες | nmod | high | Genitive participle modifying ἀνδρες; genitive absolute-like phrase. |
| 52 | τριῶν | τρεῖς | NUM | M-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 55 ἄνδρες | nummod | high | Genitive numeral modifying ἄνδρες. |
| 53 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 54 δέκα | cc | high | Coordinating numeral phrase. |
| 54 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 52 τριῶν | conj | high | Conjoined with τριῶν to form 'three and ten'. |
| 55 | ἄνδρες | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἐτάφησαν | nsubj:pass | medium | Appositional/ellipsis-like nominal phrase with the passive predicate; exact syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 56 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 57 πλείους | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 57 | πλείους | πλείων | ADJ | A-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 55 ἄνδρες | amod | high | Comparative adjective modifying ἄνδρες. |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐτάφησαν | punct | high | Sentence final punctuation. |