Grammar parses for passage 1.29.4
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ καὶ πᾶσι μνῆμα Ἀθηναίοις ὁπόσοις ἀποθανεῖν συνέπεσεν ἔν τε ναυμαχίαις καὶ ἐν μάχαις πεζαῖς πλὴν ὅσοι Μαραθῶνι αὐτῶν ἠγωνίσαντο·
The syntax is elliptical: μνῆμα is the main predicate, with a content clause introduced by συνέπεσεν and an exception phrase πλὴν ὅσοι...
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 μνῆμα | cop | high | Copular present; predicate nominal is μνῆμα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 πᾶσι | cc | high | Connects to πᾶσι. |
| 4 | πᾶσι | πᾶς | ADJ | A-p---md- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 5 μνῆμα | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/interest with μνῆμα; could be broad dative with Ἀθηναίοις. |
| 5 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-s---nn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicative noun with copula ἔστι. |
| 6 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-p---md- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 4 πᾶσι | nmod | medium | Dative modifying πᾶσι; appositional relation possible. |
| 7 | ὁπόσοις | ὁπόσος | PRON | P-p---md- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 4 πᾶσι | acl | medium | Relative clause participant reference; linked to πᾶσι. |
| 8 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V--ana--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 συνέπεσεν | csubj | medium | Infinitival subject/complement of συνέπεσεν. |
| 9 | συνέπεσεν | συμπίπτω | VERB | V-3sria--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 μνῆμα | csubj | medium | Clause depending on μνῆμα; syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 10 | ἔν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 ναυμαχίαις | case | high | Preposition governing ναυμαχίαις. |
| 11 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ἔν | discourse | medium | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 12 | ναυμαχίαις | ναυμαχία | NOUN | N-p---fd- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 9 συνέπεσεν | obl | high | Oblique adjunct with ἐν. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἐν | cc | high | Coordinates prepositional phrases. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 μάχαις | case | high | Preposition governing μάχαις. |
| 15 | μάχαις | μάχη | NOUN | N-p---fd- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 9 συνέπεσεν | obl | high | Second oblique adjunct with ἐν. |
| 16 | πεζαῖς | πεζός | ADJ | A-p---fd- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 15 μάχαις | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying μάχαις. |
| 17 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 ἠγωνίσαντο | case | medium | Exception marker governing the following relative clause. |
| 18 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | P-p---mn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 21 ἠγωνίσαντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἠγωνίσαντο. |
| 19 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | N-s---md- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 21 ἠγωνίσαντο | obl | medium | Dative of place; probably with ἠγωνίσαντο. |
| 20 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-p---mg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|Person=3 | 18 ὅσοι | nmod | medium | Genitive modifying ὅσοι, likely partitive/associative. |
| 21 | ἠγωνίσαντο | ἀγωνίζομαι | VERB | V-3pim-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 5 μνῆμα | advcl | high | Exception clause modifying the memorial statement. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 μνῆμα | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
τούτοις γὰρ κατὰ χώραν εἰσὶν οἱ τάφοι διʼ ἀνδραγαθίαν, οἱ δὲ ἄλλοι κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν κεῖνται τὴν ἐς Ἀκαδημίαν, καὶ σφῶν ἑστᾶσιν ἐπὶ τοῖς τάφοις στῆλαι τὰ ὀνόματα καὶ τὸν δῆμον ἑκάστου λέγουσαι.
The third clause is a participial relative-like modifier: στῆλαι ... λέγουσαι with two direct objects.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-D--PM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 τάφοι | det | high | Demonstrative modifying τάφοι. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 5 εἰσὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 4 χώραν | case | high | Preposition with acc. |
| 4 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | n-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 εἰσὶν | obl | high | Adverbial phrase with κατὰ. |
| 5 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | AUX | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate governing first clause. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 τάφοι | det | high | Article modifying τάφοι. |
| 7 | τάφοι | τάφος | NOUN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσὶν. |
| 8 | διʼ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 9 ἀνδραγαθίαν | case | high | Preposition with acc. |
| 9 | ἀνδραγαθίαν | ἀνδραγαθία | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 τάφοι | obl | high | Causal phrase modifying τάφοι / clause. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἰσὶν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἄλλοι | det | high | Article modifying ἄλλοι. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 17 κεῖνται | discourse | high | Contrastive particle. |
| 13 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 κεῖνται | nsubj | high | Subject of κεῖνται. |
| 14 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 16 ὁδὸν | case | high | Preposition with acc. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ὁδὸν | det | high | Article modifying ὁδὸν. |
| 16 | ὁδὸν | ὁδός | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 κεῖνται | obl | high | Adverbial phrase with κατὰ. |
| 17 | κεῖνται | κεῖμαι | VERB | v3ppie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 5 εἰσὶν | conj | high | Coordinated main verb. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 Ἀκαδημίαν | det | high | Article modifying Ἀκαδημίαν. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 20 Ἀκαδημίαν | case | high | Preposition with acc. |
| 20 | Ἀκαδημίαν | Ἀκαδημία | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ὁδὸν | nmod | medium | Likely dependent of ὁδὸν: 'the road to Academy'. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κεῖνται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 ἑστᾶσιν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 23 | σφῶν | σφεῖς | PRON | p-p---gn- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 τάφοις | det | medium | Genitive possessive pronoun modifying τάφοις. |
| 24 | ἑστᾶσιν | ἵστημι | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 5 εἰσὶν | conj | high | Coordinated predication; perfect form with present sense. |
| 25 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 27 τάφοις | case | high | Preposition with dat. |
| 26 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 τάφοις | det | high | Article modifying τάφοις. |
| 27 | τάφοις | τάφος | NOUN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἑστᾶσιν | obl | high | Locative phrase with ἐπί. |
| 28 | στῆλαι | στήλη | NOUN | n-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 ἑστᾶσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἑστᾶσιν; nominative plural. |
| 29 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ὀνόματα | det | high | Article modifying ὀνόματα. |
| 30 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 35 λέγουσαι | obj | high | Object of λέγουσαι. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 35 λέγουσαι | cc | high | Coordinates objects. |
| 32 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 δῆμον | det | high | Article modifying δῆμον. |
| 33 | δῆμον | δῆμος | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 λέγουσαι | obj | high | Second object of λέγουσαι. |
| 34 | ἑκάστου | ἕκαστος | PRON | a-s---gn- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 λέγουσαι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of λέγουσαι, 'of each'. |
| 35 | λέγουσαι | λέγω | VERB | v-p-pfn--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 28 στῆλαι | acl | high | Participle modifying στῆλαι. |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἰσὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
πρῶτοι δὲ ἐτάφησαν οὓς ἐν Θρᾴκῃ ποτὲ ἐπικρατοῦντας μέχρι Δραβησκοῦ τῆς χώρας Ἠδωνοὶ φονεύουσιν ἀνέλπιστοι ἐπιθέμενοι·
The relative clause is embedded inside the subject/object domain of the passive verb, and the final participial phrase ἀνέλπιστοι ἐπιθέμενοι is syntactically compact and somewhat ambiguous in exact attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρῶτοι | πρῶτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐτάφησαν | advmod | high | Adverbial/temporal modifier of the passive verb; masculine plural nominative agrees with implied subject/topic. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἐτάφησαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐτάφησαν | θάπτω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 4 | οὓς | ὅς | PRON | P-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 8 ἐπικρατοῦντας | obj | high | Relative pronoun introducing the embedded clause. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 6 Θρᾴκῃ | case | high | Preposition governing Θρᾴκῃ. |
| 6 | Θρᾴκῃ | Θρᾴκη | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπικρατοῦντας | obl | high | Locative complement of ἐπικρατοῦντας. |
| 7 | ποτὲ | ποτέ | ADV | D | _ | 8 ἐπικρατοῦντας | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the participle. |
| 8 | ἐπικρατοῦντας | ἐπικρατέω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 οὓς | acl | high | Participial clause modifying the relative pronoun. |
| 9 | μέχρι | μέχρι | ADP | R | _ | 10 Δραβησκοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing Δραβησκοῦ. |
| 10 | Δραβησκοῦ | Δράβησκος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπικρατοῦντας | obl | high | Genitive complement with μέχρι; extent of control. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 χώρας | det | high | Article modifying χώρας. |
| 12 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Δραβησκοῦ | nmod | medium | Probably dependent on Δραβησκοῦ as part of the place name/phrase; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | Ἠδωνοὶ | Ἠδών | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 φονεύουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of φονεύουσιν. |
| 14 | φονεύουσιν | φονεύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἐτάφησαν | conj | high | Coordinated with the main narrative verb; describes the killing action. |
| 15 | ἀνέλπιστοι | ἀνέλπιστος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐπιθέμενοι | advcl | medium | Likely predicative with the participle, expressing surprise/unexpectedness. |
| 16 | ἐπιθέμενοι | ἐπιτίθημι | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 φονεύουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the subject of φονεύουσιν. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐτάφησαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |