Grammar parses for passage 1.29.8
Open translation for this passage
πολεμοῦντος Κασσάνδρου καὶ οἱ συμμαχήσαντές ποτε Ἀργείων.
Fragmentary genitive absolute/construction: πολεμοῦντος Κασσάνδρου, with οἱ συμμαχήσαντες as a substantivized masculine plural participle; ποτε is an adverb and Ἀργείων is a genitive dependent on συμμαχήσαντες, though the larger syntactic attachment is elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πολεμοῦντος | πολεμέω | VERB | PAPart.Gen.Sg.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 2 Κασσάνδρου | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | Κασσάνδρου | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | Propn.Gen.Sg.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Genitive subject of the genitive absolute; overall fragment is elliptical. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 5 συμμαχήσαντές | cc | high | Coordinates the participial phrase with the preceding construction. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Art.Nom.Plur.Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 συμμαχήσαντές | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 5 | συμμαχήσαντές | συμμαχέω | VERB | AAPart.Nom.Plur.Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 2 Κασσάνδρου | conj | medium | Substantivized aorist active participle; syntactic attachment is uncertain in this fragment. |
| 6 | ποτε | ποτέ | ADV | Adv | _ | 5 συμμαχήσαντές | advmod | high | Temporal/indefinite adverb modifying συμμαχήσαντες. |
| 7 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A—Gen.Plur.Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 συμμαχήσαντές | obl | medium | Genitive plural ethnic adjective used substantivally, dependent on συμμαχήσαντες; exact semantic relation is elliptical. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 Κασσάνδρου | punct | high |
πραχθῆναι δὲ οὕτω σφίσι τὴν πρὸς Ἀργείους λέγουσι συμμαχίαν·
The construction is λέγουσι with an accusative-and-infinitive report: τὴν ... συμμαχίαν is the accusative subject of πραχθῆναι; σφίσι is a dative participant/beneficiary, while οὕτω modifies the reported predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πραχθῆναι | πράσσω | VERB | V--ANP- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 9 συμμαχίαν | acl | high | Aorist passive infinitive, completing the reported construction with λέγουσι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 λέγουσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 πραχθῆναι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the infinitival predication. |
| 4 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-------- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 συμμαχίαν | iobj | medium | Reflexive/third-person plural dative, likely ‘for them’ or ‘among them’; exact semantic role is context-dependent. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S--F-A-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 συμμαχίαν | det | high | Article determiner. |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ἀργείους | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 7 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A--PM-A-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 συμμαχίαν | nmod | high | Ethnic proper noun, object of πρός in the phrase ‘toward/against the Argives’. |
| 8 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V- PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Reporting verb, ‘they say’; the infinitival clause is its complement. |
| 9 | συμμαχίαν | συμμαχία | NOUN | N--F-A-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 πραχθῆναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the passive infinitive, with πραχθῆναι understood as ‘the alliance was made/concluded’. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 λέγουσι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Λακεδαιμονίοις τὴν πόλιν τοῦ θεοῦ σείσαντος οἱ εἵλωτες ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀπέστησαν, ἀφεστηκότων δὲ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι βοηθοὺς καὶ ἄλλους καὶ παρὰ Ἀθηναίων μετεπέμποντο·
Genitive absolute constructions frame the two clauses: σείσαντος with Λακεδαιμονίοις as affected dative, and ἀφεστηκότων with οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι as genitive subject; μετεπέμποντο governs βοηθούς and ἄλλους, with παρὰ Ἀθηναίων as source.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A----D-P- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 σείσαντος | iobj | high | Dative of affected possessor/experiencer with the genitive absolute. |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----A-S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 3 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | S----A-S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 σείσαντος | obj | high | Accusative object of σείσαντος. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S----G-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θεοῦ | det | high | |
| 5 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | S----G-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 σείσαντος | nmod | high | Possessive genitive: the god's city. |
| 6 | σείσαντος | σείω | VERB | V--AAPGSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ἀπέστησαν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with θεοῦ as understood subject; syntactically the participle is masculine singular genitive. |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S----N-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 εἵλωτες | det | high | |
| 8 | εἵλωτες | εἵλωτης | NOUN | S----N-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀπέστησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 10 Ἰθώμην | case | high | Epic/poetic variant of εἰς. |
| 10 | Ἰθώμην | Ἰθώμη | PROPN | S----A-S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀπέστησαν | obl | high | Destination. |
| 11 | ἀπέστησαν | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-2AAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀπέστησαν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀφεστηκότων | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V--RAPGPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 23 μετεπέμποντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute; οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι is its genitive subject. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἀφεστηκότων | cc | high | |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S----N-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | |
| 16 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | S----N-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 μετεπέμποντο | nsubj | high | Main-clause subject of μετεπέμποντο. |
| 17 | βοηθοὺς | βοηθός | NOUN | A----A-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 μετεπέμποντο | obj | high | Object of μετεπέμποντο, substantivized as auxiliaries. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 ἄλλους | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | A----A-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 βοηθοὺς | conj | high | Substantivized adjective coordinated with βοηθούς. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 μετεπέμποντο | cc | high | Coordinates the source phrase with the preceding object coordination. |
| 21 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P | _ | 22 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | With genitive, marks source/from whom. |
| 22 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A----G-P- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 μετεπέμποντο | obl | high | Source complement of μετεπέμποντο. |
| 23 | μετεπέμποντο | μεταπέμπω | VERB | V-2IMI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 11 ἀπέστησαν | conj | high | Coordinated main verb after δέ; middle voice means 'sent for'. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀπέστησαν | punct | high |
οἱ δέ σφισιν ἐπιλέκτους ἄνδρας ἀποστέλλουσι καὶ στρατηγὸν Κίμωνα τὸν Μιλτιάδου.
The article οἱ is substantivized as the subject; ἐπιλέκτους ἄνδρας is the object of ἀποστέλλουσι, with στρατηγὸν Κίμωνα τὸν Μιλτιάδου as a coordinated second object/apposition identifying Cimon by office and patronymic. The dative σφισιν is recipient/benefactive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀποστέλλουσι | nsubj | high | Substantivized article, ‘they’. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἀποστέλλουσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P----DPM- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 ἀποστέλλουσι | iobj | medium | Third-person plural dative pronoun; recipient/benefactive. |
| 4 | ἐπιλέκτους | ἐπίλεκτος | ADJ | A----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄνδρας | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἄνδρας. |
| 5 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀποστέλλουσι | obj | high | First object of ἀποστέλλουσι. |
| 6 | ἀποστέλλουσι | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 στρατηγὸν | cc | high | Coordinates the second object phrase. |
| 8 | στρατηγὸν | στρατηγός | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποστέλλουσι | obj | medium | Second object, with Κίμωνα in apposition; office title. |
| 9 | Κίμωνα | Κίμων | PROPN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 στρατηγὸν | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to στρατηγόν. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Μιλτιάδου | det | high | Article introducing the patronymic phrase. |
| 11 | Μιλτιάδου | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Κίμωνα | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, ‘son of Miltiades’. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀποστέλλουσι | punct | high |
τούτους ἀποπέμπουσιν οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι πρὸς ὑποψίαν·
The prepositional phrase πρὸς ὑποψίαν is analyzed as an oblique purpose/intended-effect complement of ἀποπέμπουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | PD---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 ἀποπέμπουσιν | obj | high | |
| 2 | ἀποπέμπουσιν | ἀποπέμπω | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | |
| 4 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 ἀποπέμπουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 6 ὑποψίαν | case | high | |
| 6 | ὑποψίαν | ὑποψία | NOUN | N-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἀποπέμπουσιν | obl | medium | πρός with accusative expresses purpose or intended effect: ‘toward/with a view to suspicion’. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἀποπέμπουσιν | punct | high |