Grammar parses for passage 1.29.9
Open translation for this passage
Ἀθηναίοις δὲ οὐκ ἀνεκτὰ ἐφαίνετο περιυβρίσθαι.
Impersonal construction with dative experiencer and an infinitival clause as the content of what seemed intolerable.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A---d-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐφαίνετο | iobj | high | Dative of interest/external experiencer with impersonal appearance predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 ἐφαίνετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐφαίνετο | advmod | high | Negates the following infinitival proposition. |
| 4 | ἀνεκτὰ | ἀνεκτός | ADJ | A---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐφαίνετο | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with ἐφαίνετο; form could also be analyzed as nominative neuter plural predicative complement. |
| 5 | ἐφαίνετο | φαίνω | VERB | V3siie3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 6 | περιυβρίσθαι | περιυβρίζω | VERB | Vm--an--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 5 ἐφαίνετο | csubj | high | Infinitival clause functioning as subject/complement of φαίνεσθαι. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐφαίνετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ ὡς ἐκομίζοντο ὀπίσω συμμαχίαν ἐποιήσαντο Ἀργείοις Λακεδαιμονίων ἐχθροῖς τὸν ἅπαντα οὖσι χρόνον.
The syntax is compressed around Ἀργείοις Λακεδαιμονίων ἐχθροῖς τὸν ἅπαντα οὖσι χρόνον; I analyze χρόνον as duration and ἐχθροῖς οὖσι as a predicative phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking clauses. |
| 2 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἐκομίζοντο | mark | high | Subordinating marker introducing temporal/circumstantial clause. |
| 3 | ἐκομίζοντο | κομίζω | VERB | V-IMPF-M/P-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὡς-clause; middle/passive form. |
| 4 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | _ | _ | 3 ἐκομίζοντο | advmod | medium | Adverb modifying ἐκομίζοντο. |
| 5 | συμμαχίαν | συμμαχία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποιήσαντο. |
| 6 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-M/P-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 7 | Ἀργείοις | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | iobj | medium | Dative plural; treated as recipient/partner in alliance, though syntactic function is somewhat loose. |
| 8 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐχθροῖς | amod | high | Genitive modifier of ἐχθροῖς. |
| 9 | ἐχθροῖς | ἐχθρός | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 χρόνον | amod | medium | Predicative/appositional adjective with χρόνον; syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 χρόνον | det | high | Article modifying χρόνον. |
| 11 | ἅπαντα | ἅπας | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 χρόνον | amod | high | Attributive modifier of χρόνον. |
| 12 | οὖσι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐχθροῖς | cop | medium | Participle functioning predicatively with ἐχθροῖς. |
| 13 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | obl | medium | Accusative of extent/duration with adjective phrase. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὕστερον δὲ μελλούσης Ἀθηναίων ἐν Τανάγρᾳ γίνεσθαι πρὸς Βοιωτοὺς καὶ Λακεδαιμονίους μάχης, ἀφίκοντο Ἀθηναίοις Ἀργεῖοι βοηθοῦντες.
The opening clause is syntactically dense: μελλούσης...μάχης forms a genitive construction dependent on the infinitival clause γίνεσθαι, while the main clause begins at ἀφίκοντο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 ἀφίκοντο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 14 ἀφίκοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | μελλούσης | μέλλω | VERB | PAP-SGF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 μάχης | acl | high | Genitive participle agreeing with μάχης in genitive absolute-like construction. |
| 4 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 μελλούσης | nsubj | medium | Likely the subject of the participle μελλούσης. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Τανάγρᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing Τανάγρᾳ. |
| 6 | Τανάγρᾳ | Τανάγρα | PROPN | N-DSF---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 γίνεσθαι | obl | high | Locative oblique dependent of γίνεσθαι. |
| 7 | γίνεσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--PMN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 3 μελλούσης | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of μέλλω. |
| 8 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Βοιωτοὺς | case | high | Preposition introducing the opponent phrase. |
| 9 | Βοιωτοὺς | Βοιωτός | PROPN | A-PAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 μάχης | nmod | high | First coordinated object of πρὸς. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 Βοιωτοὺς | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-PAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Βοιωτοὺς | conj | high | Second coordinated object of πρὸς. |
| 12 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-SFG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 μελλούσης | obl | medium | Genitive dependent within the larger genitive construction; likely governed by μελλούσης. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ἀφίκοντο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-3AMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 15 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-PDM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀφίκοντο | obl | high | Dative of interest/advantage with ἀφίκοντο. |
| 16 | Ἀργεῖοι | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-PMN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀφίκοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφίκοντο. |
| 17 | βοηθοῦντες | βοηθέω | VERB | PAP-PMN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 Ἀργεῖοι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Ἀργεῖοι. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀφίκοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ παραυτίκα μὲν ἔχοντας πλέον τοὺς Ἀργείους νὺξ ἐπελθοῦσα ἀφείλετο τὸ σαφὲς τῆς νίκης.
The accusative participial phrase ἔχοντας πλέον τοὺς Ἀργείους is treated as an adverbial clause modifying the main verb; σαφὲς is annotated as a substantivized adjective with genitive complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 ἀφείλετο | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | παραυτίκα | παραυτίκα | ADV | _ | _ | 10 ἀφείλετο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the main predication. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἔχοντας | discourse | medium | Correlative particle attached to participle phrase. |
| 4 | ἔχοντας | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἀφείλετο | advcl | high | Accusative participle with implicit subject, dependent on the main verb. |
| 5 | πλέον | πλέον | ADV | _ | _ | 4 ἔχοντας | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying ἔχοντας. |
| 6 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀργείους | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἔχοντας | obj | high | Substantivized adjective 'Argives', object of ἔχοντας. |
| 8 | νὺξ | νύξ | NOUN | N-SFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀφείλετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφείλετο. |
| 9 | ἐπελθοῦσα | ἐπέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 νὺξ | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying νύξ. |
| 10 | ἀφείλετο | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 σαφὲς | det | high | Article. |
| 12 | σαφὲς | σαφής | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀφείλετο | obj | medium | Neuter substantive 'the clarity/clear indication' as object of ἀφείλετο; form may be treated substantively despite adjective lemma. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 νίκης | det | high | Article. |
| 14 | νίκης | νίκη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 σαφὲς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on σαφὲς. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀφείλετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐς δὲ τὴν ὑστεραίαν ὑπῆρξε κρατῆσαι Λακεδαιμονίοις Θεσσαλῶν προδόντων Ἀθηναίους.
The participial phrase Θεσσαλῶν προδόντων Ἀθηναίους is best taken as a genitive absolute, though its syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ὑπῆρξε | case | high | Introduces temporal phrase with accusative. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | POSTP | _ | 5 ὑπῆρξε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ATR | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ὑστεραίαν | det | high | Article modifying ὑστεραίαν. |
| 4 | ὑστεραίαν | ὑστεραῖος | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὑπῆρξε | obl | high | Temporal accusative, object of ἐς. |
| 5 | ὑπῆρξε | ὑπάρχω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | κρατῆσαι | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAI-Inf | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ὑπῆρξε | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ὑπῆρξε. |
| 7 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-PRI-DP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 κρατῆσαι | iobj | high | Dative with infinitive, likely experiencer/beneficiary. |
| 8 | Θεσσαλῶν | Θεσσαλός | PROPN | N-PRI-GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 προδόντων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of προδόντων. |
| 9 | προδόντων | προδίδωμι | VERB | V-AAP-PG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 Ἀθηναίους | amod | medium | Genitive absolute participle modifying Ἀθηναίους; relation approximated as adjectival. |
| 10 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-PRI-AP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 κρατῆσαι | obj | high | Object of κρατῆσαι. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ὑπῆρξε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |