Grammar parses for passage 1.30.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐν Ἀκαδημίᾳ δέ ἐστι Προμηθέως βωμός, καὶ θέουσιν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ πρὸς τὴν πόλιν ἔχοντες καιομένας λαμπάδας·
The sentence has a locative ἐν-phrase with an existential clause; θέουσιν is coordinated and takes ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ as source, πρὸς τὴν πόλιν as direction, and ἔχοντες with its participial object λαμπάδας. The subject of both clauses is implicit/third-person plural in θέουσιν; βωμός is the nominative existential subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 2 Ἀκαδημίᾳ | case | high | |
| 2 | Ἀκαδημίᾳ | Ἀκαδημία | PROPN | NbDf3s | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν. |
| 3 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular predicate. |
| 5 | Προμηθέως | Προμηθεύς | PROPN | NbDm3s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 βωμός | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 6 | βωμός | βωμός | NOUN | NbNm3s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 9 θέουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite predicate. |
| 9 | θέουσιν | θέω | VERB | V3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστι | conj | high | Implicit plural subject, likely referring to people running with torches. |
| 10 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 11 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Elided form of ἀπό. |
| 11 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 θέουσιν | obl | high | Source; antecedent is the altar. |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 14 πόλιν | case | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Sdfas | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 14 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | NbAf3s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 θέουσιν | obl | high | Directional complement of πρός. |
| 15 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V--ppma--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 θέουσιν | advcl | medium | Predicative/concomitant participle with implicit plural subject; could alternatively be analyzed as a coordinated participial adjunct. |
| 16 | καιομένας | καίω | VERB | V--pupa--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 17 λαμπάδας | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying λαμπάδας; passive in form, ‘burning’. |
| 17 | λαμπάδας | λαμπάς | NOUN | NbAf3p | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἔχοντες | obj | high | |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 θέουσιν | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἀγώνισμα ὁμοῦ τῷ δρόμῳ φυλάξαι τὴν δᾷδα ἔτι καιομένην ἐστίν,
The neuter subject ἀγώνισμα is followed by an infinitival content predicate: ‘the contest is to preserve the torch, still burning, together with the race.’
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἀγώνισμα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἀγώνισμα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀγώνισμα | ἀγώνισμα | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐστίν | nsubj | high | Predicate subject of ἐστίν. |
| 4 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 δρόμῳ | advmod | high | Adverbial accompaniment, ‘together with’. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 δρόμῳ | det | high | |
| 6 | δρόμῳ | δρόμος | NOUN | N----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 φυλάξαι | obl | high | Dative complement with ὁμοῦ. |
| 7 | φυλάξαι | φυλάσσω | VERB | V----PAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 ἀγώνισμα | xcomp | high | Aorist infinitive functioning as the content/predicate of ἀγώνισμα ἐστίν. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 δᾷδα | det | high | |
| 9 | δᾷδα | δαΐς | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 φυλάξαι | obj | medium | Contracted/poetic form; lemma normalized as δαΐς. |
| 10 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 καιομένην | advmod | high | |
| 11 | καιομένην | καίω | VERB | V--PPASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 δᾷδα | acl | high | Participial modifier of δᾷδα. |
| 12 | ἐστίν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστίν | punct | high |
ἀποσβεσθείσης δὲ οὐδὲν ἔτι τῆς νίκης τῷ πρώτῳ, δευτέρῳ δὲ ἀντʼ αὐτοῦ μέτεστιν·
The opening genitive absolute is ἀποσβεσθείσης τῆς νίκης (‘the victory having been extinguished’); the clause contrasts the first participant, for whom no share remains, with the second, who receives it instead.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποσβεσθείσης | ἀποσβέννυμι | VERB | V-PPF-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 6 νίκης | acl | high | Genitive absolute participle; its subject is τῆς νίκης. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 μέτεστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P-IN-NAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 14 μέτεστιν | obj | medium | Accusative neuter used adverbially, ‘in no way/nothing’. |
| 4 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 μέτεστιν | advmod | high | Adverb of continuation/time. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 νίκης | det | high | |
| 6 | νίκης | νίκη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 μέτεστιν | obl | high | Genitive absolute subject with ἀποσβεσθείσης; also associated with μέτεστιν. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 πρώτῳ | det | high | |
| 8 | πρώτῳ | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-DSM-S | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 μέτεστιν | obl | medium | Substantivized dative, ‘the first’; elliptical participant/contestant. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 μέτεστιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | δευτέρῳ | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-DSM-S | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 μέτεστιν | obl | high | Substantivized dative, ‘the second’; contrasted with πρώτῳ. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 δευτέρῳ | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the contrasting second clause. |
| 12 | ἀντʼ | ἀντί | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Elided preposition governing the genitive. |
| 13 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 δευτέρῳ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀντί; refers to the first. |
| 14 | μέτεστιν | μέτειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal μέτεστιν, ‘there is a share/participation’; dative participant is expressed by πρώτῳ/δευτέρῳ. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 μέτεστιν | punct | high |
εἰ δὲ μηδὲ τούτῳ καίοιτο, ὁ τρίτος ἐστὶν ὁ κρατῶν·
Conditional protasis: εἰ with optative καίοιτο (potential/iterative nuance); τούτῳ is instrumental dative, while ὁ τρίτος ... ὁ κρατῶν is a substantivized superlative phrase functioning as the apodictic subject/predicate construction. The exact antecedent of τούτῳ is context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C | _ | 5 καίοιτο | mark | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | Polarity=Pos | 5 καίοιτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | C | Polarity=Neg | 5 καίοιτο | advmod | medium | Negative additive particle, modifying the conditional predicate. |
| 4 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-dat-sg-mas/neut | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc,Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 καίοιτο | obl | high | Instrumental dative; gender depends on contextual antecedent. |
| 5 | καίοιτο | καίω | VERB | V- opt-pres-mid-3sg | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 9 ἐστὶν | advcl | medium | Optative in εἰ-clause; middle form may be passive in context, with omitted subject. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 καίοιτο | punct | high | |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-nom-sg-mas | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 τρίτος | det | high | |
| 8 | τρίτος | τρίτος | ADJ | A-nom-sg-mas-superl | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized ordinal/superlative-like expression: “the third”; syntactic role interpreted as subject of ἐστίν. |
| 9 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-pres-ind-act-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-nom-sg-mas | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 κρατῶν | det | high | |
| 11 | κρατῶν | κρατέω | VERB | V-pap-nom-sg-mas | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Substantivized present participle, “the one prevailing”; predicate complement of ἐστίν. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
εἰ δὲ καὶ πᾶσιν ἀποσβεσθείη, οὐδείς ἐστιν ὅτῳ καταλείπεται ἡ νίκη.
The εἰ-clause contains an optative passive verb; the main clause is existential/copular, with a relative clause modifying οὐδείς and νίκη as the passive subject of καταλείπεται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἀποσβεσθείη | mark | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἀποσβεσθείη | cc | high | Postpositive adversative/continuative conjunction. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | PART | ADV | _ | 4 πᾶσιν | advmod | medium | Focusing particle, modifying πᾶσιν. |
| 4 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | PRON | A-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀποσβεσθείη | obl | high | Dative of agent/extent with the passive verb. |
| 5 | ἀποσβεσθείη | ἀποσβέννυμι | VERB | V-3S-AOP | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 8 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Optative in the εἰ-clause. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀποσβεσθείη | punct | high | |
| 7 | οὐδείς | οὐδείς | PRON | A-N---MS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-3S-PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular clause with an embedded relative clause. |
| 9 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | R-DSM-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 καταλείπεται | obl | high | Dative with καταλείπεται: no one for whom/to whom the victory is left. |
| 10 | καταλείπεται | καταλείπω | VERB | V-3S-PMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 8 ἐστιν | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate; ὅτῳ is its dative complement. |
| 11 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-N---FS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 νίκη | det | high | |
| 12 | νίκη | νίκη | NOUN | N-N---FS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 καταλείπεται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ Μουσῶν τε βωμὸς καὶ ἕτερος Ἑρμοῦ καὶ ἔνδον Ἀθηνᾶς, τὸν δὲ Ἡρακλέους ἐποίησαν·
Existential ἔστι introduces a coordinated set of altars: the altar of the Muses, another of Hermes, and one inside for Athena; τὸν δὲ Ἡρακλέους is a fronted object referring to an altar, with ἐποίησαν as its verb. The antecedent of the omitted/elliptical altar in Ἀθηνᾶς is contextually understood; attachment of ἔνδον is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Μουσῶν | Μοῦσα | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 βωμὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βωμός. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 βωμὸς | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 5 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Coordinates additional existential phrase. |
| 7 | ἕτερος | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 βωμὸς | conj | medium | Substantivized adjective, coordinated altar; elliptical βωμός. |
| 8 | Ἑρμοῦ | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἕτερος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on elliptical βωμός. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Coordinates the next altar phrase. |
| 10 | ἔνδον | ἔνδον | ADV | ADV | _ | 11 Ἀθηνᾶς | advmod | medium | Adverb meaning ‘inside’; attachment to the elliptical altar phrase is understood. |
| 11 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἕτερος | nmod | low | Genitive likely belongs to an elliptical altar phrase; exact coordination/attachment is uncertain. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | Article with substantivized/elliptical altar object. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐποίησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing contrast. |
| 15 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐποίησαν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the substantivized object, ‘the one of Heracles’. |
| 16 | ἐποίησαν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 1 ἔστι | conj | high | Verb of the second clause; object is τὸν ... Ἡρακλέους. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
καὶ φυτόν ἐστιν ἐλαίας, δεύτερον τοῦτο λεγόμενον φανῆναι.
The sentence has an elliptical copular construction: φυτόν is the predicate noun with ἐστιν, ἐλαίας is a genitive of material/association, and the following accusative phrase δεύτερον τοῦτο λεγόμενον φανῆναι is an infinitival complement with τοῦτο as subject and λεγόμενον as a supplementary predicate participle. The exact attachment of the participial phrase is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | φυτόν | φυτόν | NOUN | NCNSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Predicate noun in an inverted/elliptical copular clause; nsubj is a practical UD representation. |
| 3 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ἐλαίας | ἐλαία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 φυτόν | nmod | medium | Genitive of material/association, dependent on φυτόν. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 6 | δεύτερον | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 φανῆναι | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative adjective with the infinitive; may be understood as an ordinal substantivized modifier. |
| 7 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | D-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 φανῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of φανῆναι. |
| 8 | λεγόμενον | λέγω | VERB | V-PMP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 τοῦτο | amod | low | Supplementary/passive participle agreeing with τοῦτο; attachment can alternatively be analyzed as a predicative xcomp dependent on the infinitival clause. |
| 9 | φανῆναι | φαίνομαι | VERB | V-2APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 3 ἐστιν | ccomp | medium | Aorist passive infinitive, likely complement of an elided or contextually supplied predicate associated with ἐστιν. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | punct | high |