Grammar parses for passage 1.30.3
Open translation for this passage
Ἀκαδημίας δὲ οὐ πόρρω Πλάτωνος μνῆμά ἐστιν, ᾧ προεσήμαινεν ὁ θεὸς ἄριστον τὰ ἐς φιλοσοφίαν ἔσεσθαι·
The relative clause has dative ᾧ referring to μνῆμά and functioning as the indirect object of προεσήμαινεν; τὰ ἐς φιλοσοφίαν is the neuter plural subject of the articular infinitive ἔσεσθαι, with ἄριστον as a predicative adjective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀκαδημίας | Ἀκαδημία | PROPN | N--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πόρρω | obl | high | Genitive in the fixed expression πόρρω Ἀκαδημίας, ‘not far from the Academy.’ |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 μνῆμά | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 4 πόρρω | advmod | high | Negates πόρρω. |
| 4 | πόρρω | πόρρω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 μνῆμά | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of μνῆμά ἐστιν; governs or licenses the genitive Ἀκαδημίας. |
| 5 | Πλάτωνος | Πλάτων | PROPN | N--GMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μνῆμά | nmod | high | Possessive genitive, ‘of Plato.’ |
| 6 | μνῆμά | μνῆμα | NOUN | N--NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the copula. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V--PIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular main predicate. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ᾧ | ὅς | PRON | P--DMS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 προεσήμαινεν | iobj | high | Relative pronoun referring to μνῆμά; dative indirect object. |
| 10 | προεσήμαινεν | προσημαίνω | VERB | V--IAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστιν | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L--NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θεὸς | det | high | Article with θεὸς. |
| 12 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N--NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 προεσήμαινεν | nsubj | high | Subject of προεσήμαινεν. |
| 13 | ἄριστον | ἄριστος | ADJ | A--NAS- | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἔσεσθαι | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative adjective with the infinitive; form is singular neuter despite plural τὰ, likely attracted/used as an idiomatic evaluative predicate. |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L--NAP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἔσεσθαι | nsubj | high | Articular neuter plural infinitival subject, ‘the things concerning philosophy.’ |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 φιλοσοφίαν | case | high | Preposition governing φιλοσοφίαν. |
| 16 | φιλοσοφίαν | φιλοσοφία | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 τὰ | nmod | high | Object of ἐς; modifies τὰ in the sense ‘things relating to philosophy.’ |
| 17 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | VERB | V--FAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 10 προεσήμαινεν | ccomp | high | Future infinitive in indirect statement governed by προεσήμαινεν. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high |
προεσήμαινε δὲ οὕτω.
Simple clause: προεσήμαινε is the imperfect active predicate, with δὲ coordinating or continuative and οὕτω an adverbial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προεσήμαινε | προσημαίνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 προεσήμαινε | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 προεσήμαινε | advmod | high | |
| 4 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 προεσήμαινε | punct | high |
Σωκράτης τῇ προτέρᾳ νυκτὶ ἢ Πλάτων ἔμελλεν ἔσεσθαι οἱ μαθητὴς ἐσπτῆναί οἱ κύκνον ἐς τὸν κόλπον εἶδεν ὄνειρον·
The sentence contains an apparently compressed or corrupt sequence around ἢ Πλάτων ἔμελλεν ἔσεσθαι οἱ μαθητὴς ἐσπτῆναί οἱ; attachments there are therefore partly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Σωκράτης | Σωκράτης | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 εἶδεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 νυκτὶ | det | high | |
| 3 | προτέρᾳ | πρότερος | ADJ | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 νυκτὶ | amod | high | Comparative form used temporally, ‘the preceding night’. |
| 4 | νυκτὶ | νύξ | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 εἶδεν | obl:tmod | high | |
| 5 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἔμελλεν | cc | medium | Correlative/comparative particle in a compressed temporal comparison. |
| 6 | Πλάτων | Πλάτων | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔμελλεν | nsubj | medium | Subject of the infinitival clause, with nominative retained in the comparative construction. |
| 7 | ἔμελλεν | μέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 17 εἶδεν | advcl | medium | Temporal/comparative subordinate predicate; construction is textually compressed. |
| 8 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-FMN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 7 ἔμελλεν | xcomp | high | |
| 9 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μαθητὴς | det | high | Article with μαθητής. |
| 10 | μαθητὴς | μαθητής | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐσπτῆναί | nsubj | medium | Nominative subject of the infinitive; the surrounding wording appears corrupt or highly compressed. |
| 11 | ἐσπτῆναί | ἐσπτάω | VERB | V-AAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ἔσεσθαι | xcomp | low | Form is lexically/morphologically uncertain; likely an infinitive in the reported vision construction. |
| 12 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P---DS-- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 11 ἐσπτῆναί | iobj | low | Likely dative pronoun, but its antecedent and syntactic attachment are uncertain. |
| 13 | κύκνον | κύκνος | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐσπτῆναί | obj | high | |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 κόλπον | case | high | |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κόλπον | det | high | |
| 16 | κόλπον | κόλπος | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐσπτῆναί | obl | high | Goal complement of ἐσπτῆναί. |
| 17 | εἶδεν | ὁράω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | ὄνειρον | ὄνειρος | NOUN | N-ASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 εἶδεν | obj | high | |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 εἶδεν | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ κύκνῳ τῷ ὄρνιθι μουσικῆς δόξα, ὅτι Λιγύων τῶν Ἠριδανοῦ πέραν ὑπὲρ γῆς τῆς Κελτικῆς Κύκνον ἄνδρα μουσικὸν γενέσθαι βασιλέα φασί, τελευτήσαντα δὲ Ἀπόλλωνος γνώμῃ μεταβαλεῖν λέγουσιν αὐτὸν ἐς τὸν ὄρνιθα.
The sentence has an existential/copular construction: δόξα is the subject of ἔστι, κύκνῳ τῷ ὄρνιθι is a dative of possession/reference, and ὅτι introduces an accusative-and-infinitive report. The participles τελευτήσαντα and μεταβαλεῖν belong to the reported account; φασί governs γενέσθαι, while λέγουσιν governs μεταβαλεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 δόξα | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 δόξα | cc | high | |
| 3 | κύκνῳ | κύκνος | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 δόξα | iobj | medium | Dative of possession or reference. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὄρνιθι | det | high | |
| 5 | ὄρνιθι | ὄρνις | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 κύκνῳ | appos | high | Apposition to κύκνῳ. |
| 6 | μουσικῆς | μουσικός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 δόξα | nmod | high | Genitive of quality or domain. |
| 7 | δόξα | δόξα | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 7 δόξα | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 φασί | mark | high | Introduces the reported content. |
| 10 | Λιγύων | Λίγυες | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Ἠριδανοῦ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on Ἠριδανοῦ, in the geographic phrase. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 Λιγύων | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἠριδανοῦ | Ἠριδανός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πέραν | nmod | medium | Proper name; exact attachment within the geographic phrase is somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | πέραν | πέραν | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 Κύκνον | advmod | medium | Locative adverb, ‘beyond’. |
| 14 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 γῆς | case | high | |
| 15 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πέραν | obl | high | Object of ὑπέρ. |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Κελτικῆς | det | high | |
| 17 | Κελτικῆς | Κελτικός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 γῆς | amod | high | |
| 18 | Κύκνον | Κύκνος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 19 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Κύκνον | appos | high | Apposition to Κύκνον. |
| 20 | μουσικὸν | μουσικός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἄνδρα | amod | high | |
| 21 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-A-MPN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 23 φασί | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by φασί. |
| 22 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with γενέσθαι. |
| 23 | φασί | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 δόξα | ccomp | high | Finite verb introducing the ὅτι content. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 23 φασί | punct | high | |
| 25 | τελευτήσαντα | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 29 μεταβαλεῖν | advcl | medium | Accusative participle referring to Κύκνον; temporal circumstance. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 μεταβαλεῖν | cc | high | |
| 27 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 γνώμῃ | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive dependent on γνώμῃ. |
| 28 | γνώμῃ | γνώμη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 μεταβαλεῖν | obl | high | Dative of means or agency. |
| 29 | μεταβαλεῖν | μεταβάλλω | VERB | V-FAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 30 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Future infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 30 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 23 φασί | parataxis | medium | Coordinate reporting verb; shares the ὅτι content with φασί. |
| 31 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 29 μεταβαλεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 32 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 34 ὄρνιθα | case | high | |
| 33 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ὄρνιθα | det | high | |
| 34 | ὄρνιθα | ὄρνις | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 μεταβαλεῖν | obl | high | Goal complement of μεταβαλεῖν, ‘into the bird’. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 7 δόξα | punct | high |
ἐγὼ δὲ βασιλεῦσαι μὲν πείθομαι Λίγυσιν ἄνδρα μουσικόν, γενέσθαι δέ μοι ἄπιστον ὄρνιθα ἀπʼ ἀνδρός.
The speaker accepts the claim that Ligy(s) made a musical man king, but finds it incredible that a bird came from a man; βασιλεῦσαι and γενέσθαι are coordinated complementary infinitives, with μοι dative of judgment/experiencer and ἀπʼ ἀνδρός source.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγὼ | ἐγώ | PRON | PPron | Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 5 πείθομαι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 πείθομαι | cc | high | |
| 3 | βασιλεῦσαι | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-2AAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 πείθομαι | ccomp | medium | Infinitive governed by πείθομαι; semantically the content accepted. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 3 βασιλεῦσαι | discourse | high | |
| 5 | πείθομαι | πείθω | VERB | V-1PMP | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice: ‘I am persuaded/accept’. |
| 6 | Λίγυσιν | Λίγυς | PROPN | N-3DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 βασιλεῦσαι | obl | medium | Dative associated with βασιλεῦσαι, likely ‘for/by the Ligyes’; ethnic proper name. |
| 7 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-3ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 βασιλεῦσαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 8 | μουσικόν | μουσικός | ADJ | A-1ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἄνδρα | amod | high | Agrees with ἄνδρα. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πείθομαι | punct | high | |
| 10 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 5 πείθομαι | ccomp | high | Second coordinated infinitival content of πείθομαι. |
| 11 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 γενέσθαι | cc | high | |
| 12 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | PPron | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 13 ἄπιστον | iobj | medium | Dative of the person to whom the claim is incredible. |
| 13 | ἄπιστον | ἄπιστος | ADJ | A-1ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 γενέσθαι | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with ὄρνιθα as infinitival subject; neuter singular is an impersonal evaluative construction. |
| 14 | ὄρνιθα | ὄρνις | NOUN | N-3ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 γενέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of γενέσθαι; form can be masc. or fem., here likely masculine by sense. |
| 15 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ἀνδρός | case | high | |
| 16 | ἀνδρός | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-3GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ὄρνιθα | obl | high | Source/origin complement of γενέσθαι. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πείθομαι | punct | high |