Grammar parses for passage 1.30.4
Open translation for this passage
κατὰ τοῦτο τῆς χώρας φαίνεται πύργος Τίμωνος, ὃς μόνος εἶδε μηδένα τρόπον εὐδαίμονα εἶναι γενέσθαι πλὴν τοὺς ἄλλους φεύγοντα ἀνθρώπους.
The main structure is φαίνεται πύργος ... ὃς ... εἶδε, with a difficult layered infinitival construction and an apparent number mismatch in τοὺς ἄλλους φεύγοντα ἀνθρώπους; the supplied text may reflect variant or irregular agreement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 6 πύργος | case | high | |
| 2 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD----ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 κατὰ | obl | high | Accusative with κατά; idiomatic κατὰ τοῦτο. |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | DA---GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 χώρας | det | high | |
| 4 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N----GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πύργος | nmod | high | |
| 5 | φαίνεται | φαίνω | VERB | V3SPIE--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Deponent/intransitive φαίνεται, 'appears'. |
| 6 | πύργος | πύργος | NOUN | N----NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 φαίνεται | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | Τίμωνος | Τίμων | PROPN | Ne----GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πύργος | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φαίνεται | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P----NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 11 εἶδε | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Τίμωνος/pύργος by sense; masculine favors Τίμων. |
| 10 | μόνος | μόνος | ADJ | A----NMS | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ὃς | amod | medium | Predicative/emphatic adjective with the relative subject. |
| 11 | εἶδε | ὁράω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 φαίνεται | acl:relcl | high | Aorist of ὁράω. |
| 12 | μηδένα | μηδείς | PRON | P----AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 16 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Negative quantifier in the infinitival construction; form may be read with τρόπον as an idiomatic accusative phrase. |
| 13 | τρόπον | τρόπος | NOUN | N----AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 εἶδε | obl | medium | Accusative of manner in μηδένα τρόπον, 'in no way'. |
| 14 | εὐδαίμονα | εὐδαίμων | ADJ | A----AMS | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Predicate accusative with εἶναι; agrees with understood accusative subject. |
| 15 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Infinitive in the complementary construction. |
| 16 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AMN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 11 εἶδε | ccomp | medium | Aorist infinitive; layered infinitival construction εὐδαίμονα εἶναι γενέσθαι. |
| 17 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 20 φεύγοντα | case | medium | Exceptive preposition governing the accusative phrase. |
| 18 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | DA---AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ἄλλους | det | high | |
| 19 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | A----AMS | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἀνθρώπους | amod | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 20 | φεύγοντα | φεύγω | VERB | V-PAP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 ἀνθρώπους | acl | medium | Singular participle despite plural τοὺς ἄλλους; likely textual/grammatical irregularity or attraction, hence low certainty. |
| 21 | ἀνθρώπους | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N----AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 γενέσθαι | obl | medium | Accusative governed by πλὴν as the exception phrase; participle agreement is problematic in the supplied text. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 φαίνεται | punct | high |
δείκνυται δὲ καὶ χῶρος καλούμενος κολωνὸς ἵππιος, ἔνθα τῆς Ἀττικῆς πρῶτον ἐλθεῖν λέγουσιν Οἰδίποδα---διάφορα μὲν καὶ ταῦτα τῇ Ὁμήρου ποιήσει, λέγουσι δʼ οὖν---, καὶ βωμὸς Ποσειδῶνος Ἱππίου καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς Ἱππίας, ἡρῷον δὲ Πειρίθου καὶ Θησέως Οἰδίποδός τε καὶ Ἀδράστου.
Main predicate δείκνυται governs χῶρος; καλούμενος is a participial modifier. ἔνθα introduces an indirect statement with λέγουσιν and accusative Οἰδίποδα plus infinitive ἐλθεῖν. The parenthetical comment is syntactically elliptical; the final coordinated nominal predicates are treated as appositional/listed subjects under δείκνυται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δείκνυται | δείκνυμι | VERB | V-3S-PMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δείκνυται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 χῶρος | cc | high | |
| 4 | χῶρος | χῶρος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 δείκνυται | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καλούμενος | καλέω | VERB | V-PMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 4 χῶρος | acl | high | Attributive participle. |
| 6 | κολωνὸς | κολωνός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 καλούμενος | xcomp | medium | Predicate name/complement of καλούμενος. |
| 7 | ἵππιος | ἵππιος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κολωνὸς | amod | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δείκνυται | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 λέγουσιν | advmod | high | Locative/relative adverb. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ἀττικῆς | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἀττικῆς | Ἀττική | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐλθεῖν | obl | high | Genitive with ἐλθεῖν, ‘of/to Attica’. |
| 12 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐλθεῖν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative. |
| 13 | ἐλθεῖν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | |
| 14 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-3P-PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 δείκνυται | parataxis | medium | Reporting verb in relative/location clause. |
| 15 | Οἰδίποδα | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐλθεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 διάφορα | punct | high | |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 διάφορα | punct | high | |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 διάφορα | punct | high | |
| 19 | διάφορα | διάφορος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 λέγουσι | parataxis | medium | Elliptical parenthetical predicate/comment. |
| 20 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 19 διάφορα | discourse | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ταῦτα | cc | high | |
| 22 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | D-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 διάφορα | nsubj | medium | Subject of elliptical ‘are different’. |
| 23 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ποιήσει | det | high | |
| 24 | Ὁμήρου | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ποιήσει | nmod | high | |
| 25 | ποιήσει | ποίησις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 διάφορα | obl | high | Dative of comparison/reference. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 διάφορα | punct | high | |
| 27 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3P-PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 δείκνυται | parataxis | high | |
| 28 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 λέγουσι | cc | high | Elided form δέ. |
| 29 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | PART | _ | 27 λέγουσι | discourse | high | |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δείκνυται | punct | high | |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 βωμὸς | cc | high | |
| 35 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 δείκνυται | conj | high | |
| 36 | Ποσειδῶνος | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 βωμὸς | nmod | high | |
| 37 | Ἱππίου | ἵππιος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 Ποσειδῶνος | amod | high | |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 39 Ἀθηνᾶς | cc | high | |
| 39 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 βωμὸς | nmod | high | |
| 40 | Ἱππίας | ἵππιος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 39 Ἀθηνᾶς | amod | high | |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 βωμὸς | punct | high | |
| 42 | ἡρῷον | ἡρῷον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 δείκνυται | conj | high | Coordinated listed monument. |
| 43 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 42 ἡρῷον | cc | high | |
| 44 | Πειρίθου | Πειρίθοος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἡρῷον | nmod | high | |
| 45 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 46 Θησέως | cc | high | |
| 46 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἡρῷον | nmod | high | |
| 47 | Οἰδίποδός | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἡρῷον | nmod | medium | Genitive coordinated in the monument’s dedication/list. |
| 48 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 47 Οἰδίποδός | cc | high | |
| 49 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 50 Ἀδράστου | cc | high | |
| 50 | Ἀδράστου | Ἄδραστος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἡρῷον | nmod | high | |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δείκνυται | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἄλσος τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος καὶ τὸν ναὸν ἐνέπρησεν Ἀντίγονος ἐσβαλών, καὶ ἄλλοτε στρατιᾷ κακώσας Ἀθηναίοις τὴν γῆν.
Ἀντίγονος is the shared subject of the finite verb and both aorist participles; ἐσβαλών is a circumstance participle, while κακώσας is coordinated with it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἄλσος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 9 ἐνέπρησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐνέπρησεν | obj | high | First coordinated object of ἐνέπρησεν. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ποσειδῶνος | det | high | |
| 5 | Ποσειδῶνος | Ποσειδών | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἄλσος | nmod | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 8 ναὸν | cc | high | |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ναὸν | det | high | |
| 8 | ναὸν | ναός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐνέπρησεν | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ἐνέπρησεν. |
| 9 | ἐνέπρησεν | ἐμπίμπρημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | Ἀντίγονος | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐνέπρησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | ἐσβαλών | εἰσβάλλω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐνέπρησεν | advcl | high | Aorist participial circumstance, subject controlled by Ἀντίγονος. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐσβαλών | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 16 κακώσας | cc | high | Coordinates the second participial clause. |
| 14 | ἄλλοτε | ἄλλοτε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 κακώσας | advmod | high | |
| 15 | στρατιᾷ | στρατιά | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 κακώσας | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument with κακώσας. |
| 16 | κακώσας | κακόω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐνέπρησεν | conj | high | Coordinated participle with ἐσβαλών; subject Ἀντίγονος is understood. |
| 17 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 κακώσας | iobj | high | Dative of affected party. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 γῆν | det | high | |
| 19 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 κακώσας | obj | high | Object of κακώσας. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐνέπρησεν | punct | high |