Grammar parses for passage 1.31.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐν δὲ Πρασιεῦσιν Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστι ναός·
Existential clause with ναός as the nominal root, ἐστι as copula, ἐν + dative as locative oblique, and Ἀπόλλωνος as possessive genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 3 Πρασιεῦσιν | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ναός | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Πρασιεῦσιν | Πρασιεύς | PROPN | Ne-Dat-Pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ναός | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν; place name. |
| 4 | Ἀπόλλωνός | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | Ne-Gen-Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ναός | nmod | high | Possessive/genitival dependent of ναός. |
| 5 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ναός | cop | high | |
| 6 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-Nom-Sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentational clause: 'there is a temple'. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ναός | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα τὰς Ὑπερβορέων ἀπαρχὰς ἰέναι λέγεται, παραδιδόναι δὲ αὐτὰς Ὑπερβορέους μὲν Ἀριμασποῖς, Ἀριμασποὺς δʼ Ἰσσηδόσι, παρὰ δὲ τούτων Σκύθας ἐς Σινώπην κομίζειν, ἐντεῦθεν δὲ φέρεσθαι διὰ Ἑλλήνων ἐς Πρασιάς, Ἀθηναίους δὲ εἶναι τοὺς ἐς Δῆλον ἄγοντας·
Infinitival indirect discourse depends on λέγεται; later coordinated infinitives retain implicit subjects, with Ἀθηναίους as the accusative subject of εἶναι and τοὺς ἄγοντας as its predicative/relative complement. Some geographical agent/route attachments are interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 6 λέγεται | advmod | high | |
| 2 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 ἀπαρχὰς | det | high | |
| 3 | Ὑπερβορέων | Ὑπερβορεύς | PROPN | Ne----G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀπαρχὰς | nmod | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 4 | ἀπαρχὰς | ἀπαρχή | NOUN | N----AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἰέναι | obj | high | |
| 5 | ἰέναι | εἶμι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 λέγεται | ccomp | high | Infinitive in indirect discourse. |
| 6 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V3SPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal passive, ‘it is said’. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγεται | punct | high | |
| 8 | παραδιδόναι | παραδίδωμι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 λέγεται | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive in the same indirect discourse. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 παραδιδόναι | cc | high | |
| 10 | αὐτὰς | αὐτός | PRON | P---AF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 8 παραδιδόναι | obj | high | Refers to ἀπαρχάς. |
| 11 | Ὑπερβορέους | Ὑπερβορεύς | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 παραδιδόναι | iobj | high | Accusative person/group receiving the offerings. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 11 Ὑπερβορέους | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 13 | Ἀριμασποῖς | Ἀριμασπός | PROPN | Ne----D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 παραδιδόναι | iobj | high | Recipient in the transfer chain. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 παραδιδόναι | punct | high | |
| 15 | Ἀριμασποὺς | Ἀριμασπός | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 παραδιδόναι | iobj | high | Accusative subject of an understood παραδιδόναι. |
| 16 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 Ἀριμασποὺς | cc | high | |
| 17 | Ἰσσηδόσι | Ἰσσηδών | PROPN | Ne----D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Ἀριμασποὺς | iobj | high | Recipient of the second transfer. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 παραδιδόναι | punct | high | |
| 19 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 τούτων | case | high | |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 Σκύθας | cc | high | |
| 21 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | Pd---G- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 22 Σκύθας | obl | high | With παρά, source ‘from these’. |
| 22 | Σκύθας | Σκύθης | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 κομίζειν | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of κομίζειν. |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 Σινώπην | case | high | |
| 24 | Σινώπην | Σινώπη | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 κομίζειν | obl | high | Destination. |
| 25 | κομίζειν | κομίζω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 παραδιδόναι | conj | high | Next coordinated infinitive. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 κομίζειν | punct | high | |
| 27 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 29 φέρεσθαι | advmod | high | Source adverb. |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 φέρεσθαι | cc | high | |
| 29 | φέρεσθαι | φέρω | VERB | V--PPN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 8 παραδιδόναι | conj | high | Coordinated passive infinitive. |
| 30 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | |
| 31 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | Ne----G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 φέρεσθαι | obl | high | Route through the Greeks/Greek territory. |
| 32 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 33 Πρασιάς | case | high | |
| 33 | Πρασιάς | Πρασιαί | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 φέρεσθαι | obl | high | Destination. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 φέρεσθαι | punct | high | |
| 35 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 36 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 37 εἶναι | cc | high | |
| 37 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 παραδιδόναι | conj | high | Final coordinated infinitive. |
| 38 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 41 ἄγοντας | det | high | |
| 39 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 40 Δῆλον | case | high | |
| 40 | Δῆλον | Δῆλος | PROPN | Ne----A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἄγοντας | obl | high | Destination of ἄγοντας. |
| 41 | ἄγοντας | ἄγω | VERB | V--PAPAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 37 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Substantival participle, ‘those conveying’; predicative to Ἀθηναίους. |
| 42 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγεται | punct | high |
τὰς δὲ ἀπαρχὰς κεκρύφθαι μὲν ἐν καλάμῃ πυρῶν, γινώσκεσθαι δὲ ὑπʼ οὐδένων.
Accusative τὰς ἀπαρχὰς is the shared subject of the two complementary infinitives κεκρύφθαι and γινώσκεσθαι; μὲν...δὲ contrasts the two infinitival clauses. ὑπʼ οὐδένων is an agent phrase with the passive γινώσκεσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἀπαρχὰς | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 10 γινώσκεσθαι | cc | high | First member of the μὲν...δὲ contrast. |
| 3 | ἀπαρχὰς | ἀπαρχή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 κεκρύφθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitives. |
| 4 | κεκρύφθαι | κρύπτω | VERB | V-RAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated/complementary infinitive. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 4 κεκρύφθαι | advmod | high | Correlative particle paired with δὲ. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 7 καλάμῃ | case | high | |
| 7 | καλάμῃ | κάλαμος | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 κεκρύφθαι | obl | high | Locative adjunct of κεκρύφθαι. |
| 8 | πυρῶν | πῦρος | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 καλάμῃ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on καλάμῃ. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 κεκρύφθαι | punct | high | |
| 10 | γινώσκεσθαι | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 4 κεκρύφθαι | conj | high | Second infinitive coordinated by δὲ; shares the accusative subject. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 10 γινώσκεσθαι | cc | high | Second member of the μὲν...δὲ contrast. |
| 12 | ὑπʼ | ὑπό | ADP | R- | _ | 13 οὐδένων | case | high | |
| 13 | οὐδένων | οὐδείς | PRON | X-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 γινώσκεσθαι | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent with passive γινώσκεσθαι. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 κεκρύφθαι | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ μνῆμα ἐπὶ Πρασιαῖς Ἐρυσίχθονος, ὡς ἐκομίζετο ὀπίσω μετὰ τὴν θεωρίαν ἐκ Δήλου, γενομένης οἱ κατὰ τὸν πλοῦν τῆς τελευτῆς.
The clause introduced by ὡς explains the monument's association: Erysichthon was being brought back from Delos after the sacred embassy, while his death occurred during the voyage. The final phrase is a genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 μνῆμα | cop | high | Existential/copular present. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 μνῆμα | cc | high | |
| 3 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential subject. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Πρασιαῖς | case | high | With dative, locative. |
| 5 | Πρασιαῖς | Πρασιαί | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Place name in locative phrase. |
| 6 | Ἐρυσίχθονος | Ἐρυσίχθων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μνῆμα: monument of Erysichthon. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 μνῆμα | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐκομίζετο | mark | high | Introduces explanatory temporal/content clause. |
| 9 | ἐκομίζετο | κομίζω | VERB | V-IPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Pass | 3 μνῆμα | advcl | high | Imperfect passive, subject understood as Erysichthon. |
| 10 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 ἐκομίζετο | advmod | high | Adverb 'back/behind'. |
| 11 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 θεωρίαν | case | high | With accusative, temporal. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 θεωρίαν | det | high | |
| 13 | θεωρίαν | θεωρία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐκομίζετο | obl | high | Temporal accusative phrase. |
| 14 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 Δήλου | case | high | |
| 15 | Δήλου | Δῆλος | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐκομίζετο | obl | high | Origin/source phrase. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐκομίζετο | punct | high | |
| 17 | γενομένης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 23 τελευτῆς | acl | medium | Genitive absolute participle; grammatical subject is τελευτῆς. |
| 18 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DM3S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 17 γενομένης | iobj | high | Dative of possession/interest with γενομένης. |
| 19 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 πλοῦν | case | high | With accusative, along/during. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 πλοῦν | det | high | |
| 21 | πλοῦν | πλοῦς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 γενομένης | obl | high | Phrase κατὰ τὸν πλοῦν, during the voyage. |
| 22 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 τελευτῆς | det | high | |
| 23 | τελευτῆς | τελευτή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 γενομένης | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 μνῆμα | punct | high |