Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 1.31.2

Sentence 2

1.31.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 42
Input: 1,028
Output: 2,838
Total: 3,866

ἐνταῦθα τὰς Ὑπερβορέων ἀπαρχὰς ἰέναι λέγεται, παραδιδόναι δὲ αὐτὰς Ὑπερβορέους μὲν Ἀριμασποῖς, Ἀριμασποὺς δʼ Ἰσσηδόσι, παρὰ δὲ τούτων Σκύθας ἐς Σινώπην κομίζειν, ἐντεῦθεν δὲ φέρεσθαι διὰ Ἑλλήνων ἐς Πρασιάς, Ἀθηναίους δὲ εἶναι τοὺς ἐς Δῆλον ἄγοντας·

Infinitival indirect discourse depends on λέγεται; later coordinated infinitives retain implicit subjects, with Ἀθηναίους as the accusative subject of εἶναι and τοὺς ἄγοντας as its predicative/relative complement. Some geographical agent/route attachments are interpretive.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	D--------	PronType=Dem	6 λέγεται	advmod	high
2	τὰς	ὁ	DET	T----AF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	4 ἀπαρχὰς	det	high
3	Ὑπερβορέων	Ὑπερβορεύς	PROPN	Ne----G-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 ἀπαρχὰς	nmod	high	Ethnic name used substantivally.
4	ἀπαρχὰς	ἀπαρχή	NOUN	N----AF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	5 ἰέναι	obj	high
5	ἰέναι	εἶμι	VERB	V--PAN---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	6 λέγεται	ccomp	high	Infinitive in indirect discourse.
6	λέγεται	λέγω	VERB	V3SPI---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high	Impersonal passive, ‘it is said’.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 λέγεται	punct	high
8	παραδιδόναι	παραδίδωμι	VERB	V--PAN---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	6 λέγεται	conj	high	Coordinated infinitive in the same indirect discourse.
9	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	8 παραδιδόναι	cc	high
10	αὐτὰς	αὐτός	PRON	P---AF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	8 παραδιδόναι	obj	high	Refers to ἀπαρχάς.
11	Ὑπερβορέους	Ὑπερβορεύς	PROPN	Ne----A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 παραδιδόναι	iobj	high	Accusative person/group receiving the offerings.
12	μὲν	μέν	PART	G---------	_	11 Ὑπερβορέους	discourse	high	Correlative μέν with later δέ.
13	Ἀριμασποῖς	Ἀριμασπός	PROPN	Ne----D-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 παραδιδόναι	iobj	high	Recipient in the transfer chain.
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 παραδιδόναι	punct	high
15	Ἀριμασποὺς	Ἀριμασπός	PROPN	Ne----A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 παραδιδόναι	iobj	high	Accusative subject of an understood παραδιδόναι.
16	δʼ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	15 Ἀριμασποὺς	cc	high
17	Ἰσσηδόσι	Ἰσσηδών	PROPN	Ne----D-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 Ἀριμασποὺς	iobj	high	Recipient of the second transfer.
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 παραδιδόναι	punct	high
19	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	R--------	_	21 τούτων	case	high
20	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	22 Σκύθας	cc	high
21	τούτων	οὗτος	PRON	Pd---G-	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	22 Σκύθας	obl	high	With παρά, source ‘from these’.
22	Σκύθας	Σκύθης	PROPN	Ne----A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	25 κομίζειν	nsubj	medium	Accusative subject of κομίζειν.
23	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	24 Σινώπην	case	high
24	Σινώπην	Σινώπη	PROPN	Ne----A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 κομίζειν	obl	high	Destination.
25	κομίζειν	κομίζω	VERB	V--PAN---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	8 παραδιδόναι	conj	high	Next coordinated infinitive.
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	25 κομίζειν	punct	high
27	ἐντεῦθεν	ἐντεῦθεν	ADV	D--------	PronType=Dem	29 φέρεσθαι	advmod	high	Source adverb.
28	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	29 φέρεσθαι	cc	high
29	φέρεσθαι	φέρω	VERB	V--PPN---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Pass	8 παραδιδόναι	conj	high	Coordinated passive infinitive.
30	διὰ	διά	ADP	R--------	_	31 Ἑλλήνων	case	high
31	Ἑλλήνων	Ἕλλην	PROPN	Ne----G-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	29 φέρεσθαι	obl	high	Route through the Greeks/Greek territory.
32	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	33 Πρασιάς	case	high
33	Πρασιάς	Πρασιαί	PROPN	Ne----A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	29 φέρεσθαι	obl	high	Destination.
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	29 φέρεσθαι	punct	high
35	Ἀθηναίους	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	Ne----A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	37 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of εἶναι.
36	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	37 εἶναι	cc	high
37	εἶναι	εἰμί	VERB	V--PAN---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	8 παραδιδόναι	conj	high	Final coordinated infinitive.
38	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T---AM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	41 ἄγοντας	det	high
39	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	40 Δῆλον	case	high
40	Δῆλον	Δῆλος	PROPN	Ne----A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	41 ἄγοντας	obl	high	Destination of ἄγοντας.
41	ἄγοντας	ἄγω	VERB	V--PAPAM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	37 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Substantival participle, ‘those conveying’; predicative to Ἀθηναίους.
42	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 λέγεται	punct	high

Sentence 3

1.31.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 14
Input: 701
Output: 1,014
Total: 1,715

τὰς δὲ ἀπαρχὰς κεκρύφθαι μὲν ἐν καλάμῃ πυρῶν, γινώσκεσθαι δὲ ὑπʼ οὐδένων.

Accusative τὰς ἀπαρχὰς is the shared subject of the two complementary infinitives κεκρύφθαι and γινώσκεσθαι; μὲν...δὲ contrasts the two infinitival clauses. ὑπʼ οὐδένων is an agent phrase with the passive γινώσκεσθαι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰς	ὁ	DET	T-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	3 ἀπαρχὰς	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G-	_	10 γινώσκεσθαι	cc	high	First member of the μὲν...δὲ contrast.
3	ἀπαρχὰς	ἀπαρχή	NOUN	N-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	4 κεκρύφθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitives.
4	κεκρύφθαι	κρύπτω	VERB	V-RAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high	First coordinated/complementary infinitive.
5	μὲν	μέν	PART	G-	_	4 κεκρύφθαι	advmod	high	Correlative particle paired with δὲ.
6	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R-	_	7 καλάμῃ	case	high
7	καλάμῃ	κάλαμος	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 κεκρύφθαι	obl	high	Locative adjunct of κεκρύφθαι.
8	πυρῶν	πῦρος	NOUN	N-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	7 καλάμῃ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on καλάμῃ.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 κεκρύφθαι	punct	high
10	γινώσκεσθαι	γιγνώσκω	VERB	V-PMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Pass	4 κεκρύφθαι	conj	high	Second infinitive coordinated by δὲ; shares the accusative subject.
11	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G-	_	10 γινώσκεσθαι	cc	high	Second member of the μὲν...δὲ contrast.
12	ὑπʼ	ὑπό	ADP	R-	_	13 οὐδένων	case	high
13	οὐδένων	οὐδείς	PRON	X-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 γινώσκεσθαι	obl:agent	high	Genitive agent with passive γινώσκεσθαι.
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 κεκρύφθαι	punct	high

Passage 1.31.2