Grammar parses for passage 1.31.3
Open translation for this passage
Κραναὸν δὲ τὸν βασιλεύσαντα Ἀθηναίων ὅτι μὲν ἐξέβαλεν Ἀμφικτύων κηδεστὴν ὄντα, ἔτι πρότερον εἴρηταί μοι·
The sentence has an impersonal passive εἴρηταί μοι (‘it has been said by me’); Κραναόν with its participial apposition is the accusative topic, while ὅτι introduces the embedded clause reporting that Amphictyon expelled him, κηδεστὴν ὄντα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κραναὸν | Κραναός | PROPN | ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 εἴρηταί | obj | medium | Accusative subject/topic of the impersonal passive εἴρηται, with τὸν βασιλεύσαντα as apposition. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 15 εἴρηταί | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 βασιλεύσαντα | det | high | |
| 4 | βασιλεύσαντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | vpaoma-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Κραναὸν | appos | high | Substantival aorist participle, appositional to Κραναόν. |
| 5 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | nepg---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 βασιλεύσαντα | nmod | medium | Genitive associated with βασιλεύσαντα, ‘who ruled the Athenians’. |
| 6 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 ἐξέβαλεν | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 8 ἐξέβαλεν | discourse | high | |
| 8 | ἐξέβαλεν | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | vpaia3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 15 εἴρηταί | ccomp | high | Content-clause predicate under εἴρηταί. |
| 9 | Ἀμφικτύων | Ἀμφικτύων | PROPN | ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐξέβαλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | κηδεστὴν | κηδεστής | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ὄντα | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative with ὄντα. |
| 11 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | vppama-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἐξέβαλεν | advcl | medium | Supplementary participle with accusative subject understood as Κραναόν; linked to ἐξέβαλεν. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | d-------- | _ | 14 πρότερον | advmod | high | |
| 14 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | d-------- | _ | 15 εἴρηταί | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, ‘earlier/before’. |
| 15 | εἴρηταί | λέγω | VERB | vprpp-s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal/passive ‘it has been said’; the preceding accusative phrase is the topic/content. |
| 16 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | pp1sd---- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 15 εἴρηταί | iobj | high | |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 εἴρηταί | punct | high |
φυγόντα δὲ αὐτὸν σὺν τοῖς στασιώταις ἐς τὸν δῆμον τὸν Λαμπτρέα ἀποθανεῖν τε αὐτοῦ καὶ ταφῆναί φασι, καὶ ἔστι καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς Λαμπτρεῦσι Κραναοῦ μνῆμα.
The accusative φυγόντα αὐτόν is the subject of the infinitival report governed by φασι; ἐς τὸν δῆμον τὸν Λαμπτρέα is a directional complement of φυγόντα. Κραναοῦ is a genitive dependent on μνῆμα, while the locatives express where the monument is found.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φυγόντα | φεύγω | VERB | VAAP-SAM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 3 αὐτὸν | acl | high | Accusative aorist participle agreeing with αὐτόν; circumstantial, within the reported construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 φασι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P----ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 12 ἀποθανεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἀποθανεῖν. |
| 4 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 6 στασιώταις | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 5 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L---DPM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 6 στασιώταις | det | high | Article modifying στασιώταις. |
| 6 | στασιώταις | στασιώτης | NOUN | N---DPM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 1 φυγόντα | obl | high | Comitative dative governed by σὺν. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 9 δῆμον | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L---ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 9 δῆμον | det | high | Article modifying δῆμον. |
| 9 | δῆμον | δῆμος | NOUN | N---ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 φυγόντα | obl | high | Directional complement of φυγόντα. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L---ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 11 Λαμπτρέα | det | high | Article with the proper-name apposition. |
| 11 | Λαμπτρέα | Λαμπτρεύς | PROPN | Ne----ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 δῆμον | appos | medium | Proper name in apposition to δῆμον; form is traditionally treated as accusative singular. |
| 12 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V--AAN-- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 17 φασι | ccomp | high | First infinitive in the accusative-and-infinitive report governed by φασι. |
| 13 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 12 ἀποθανεῖν | cc | high | Correlative connective joining the two infinitives. |
| 14 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P----GSM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 12 ἀποθανεῖν | advmod | medium | Genitive of place/separation, ‘there’; syntactically linked to the reported death. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 16 ταφῆναί | cc | high | Coordinates ταφῆναι with ἀποθανεῖν. |
| 16 | ταφῆναί | θάπτω | VERB | V-APPN-- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 17 φασι | conj | high | Second infinitive in the report; final accent is due to enclitic τε. |
| 17 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite reporting verb. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 φασι | punct | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 20 ἔστι | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause with the preceding report. |
| 20 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 17 φασι | conj | high | Existential/copular predicate, coordinated with φασι. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 22 ἐς | cc | high | Part of the paired locative construction καὶ ἐς ... καὶ ἐν .... |
| 22 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 23 ἐμὲ | case | high | Preposition governing ἐμέ. |
| 23 | ἐμὲ | ἐγώ | PRON | P---ASM- | Case=Accusative|Number=Singular|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 29 μνῆμα | obl | high | Locative/directional expression, ‘at my place’. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 25 ἐν | cc | high | Coordinates the second locative phrase. |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 27 Λαμπτρεῦσι | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 26 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L---DPM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 27 Λαμπτρεῦσι | det | high | Article modifying Λαμπτρεῦσι. |
| 27 | Λαμπτρεῦσι | Λαμπτρεύς | PROPN | Ne---DPM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 29 μνῆμα | obl | high | Locative dative phrase, ‘among/at the Lamptrians’. |
| 28 | Κραναοῦ | Κραναός | PROPN | Ne---GSM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 29 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μνῆμα: ‘the monument of Cranaus’. |
| 29 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N---NSN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 20 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 φασι | punct | high |
Ἴωνος δὲ τοῦ Ξούθου ---καὶ γὰρ οὗτος ᾤκησε παρὰ Ἀθηναίοις καὶ Ἀθηναίων ἐπὶ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ πρὸς Ἐλευσινίους ἐπολεμάρχησε ---τάφος ἐν Ποταμοῖς ἐστι τῆς χώρας.
The parenthetical καὶ γὰρ ... ἐπολεμάρχησε interrupts the main existential clause; ἐπολεμάρχησε shares the demonstrative subject οὗτος by coordination/ellipsis.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἴωνος | Ἴων | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ξούθου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τάφος. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 τάφος | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ξούθου | det | high | |
| 4 | Ξούθου | Ξοῦθος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἴωνος | appos | high | Appositional identification of Ἴων. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 τάφος | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthesis. |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 τάφος | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthesis. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 τάφος | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthesis. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ᾤκησε | cc | high | Coordinates the parenthetical clause. |
| 9 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 11 ᾤκησε | mark | high | Causal/explanatory subordinator. |
| 10 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | P-DNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 11 ᾤκησε | nsubj | high | Subject of ᾤκησε. |
| 11 | ᾤκησε | οἰκέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 22 ἐπολεμάρχησε | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical finite clause, coordinated loosely with the following statement. |
| 12 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 Ἀθηναίοις | case | high | |
| 13 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ᾤκησε | obl | high | Place/community with παρά. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἐπολεμάρχησε | cc | high | Coordinates the two parenthetical clauses. |
| 15 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 ἐπολεμάρχησε | nmod | high | Partitive/possessive genitive: commander of the Athenians. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 πολέμου | case | high | Temporal/relational preposition with genitive. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 18 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐπολεμάρχησε | obl | high | Genitive object of ἐπί. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πολέμου | det | high | Article in the attributive phrase τοῦ πρὸς Ἐλευσινίους. |
| 20 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 Ἐλευσινίους | case | high | |
| 21 | Ἐλευσινίους | Ἐλευσίνιος | PROPN | N-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 πολέμου | nmod | high | Attributive specification of the war. |
| 22 | ἐπολεμάρχησε | πολεμαρχέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 26 τάφος | parataxis | medium | Second parenthetical predicate, understood with οὗτος as subject. |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 τάφος | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthesis. |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 τάφος | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthesis. |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 τάφος | punct | high | Dash delimiting parenthesis. |
| 26 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἐστι. |
| 27 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 28 Ποταμοῖς | case | high | |
| 28 | Ποταμοῖς | Ποταμοί | PROPN | N-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐστι | obl | high | Location of the tomb. |
| 29 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Aspect=Imperfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 30 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 χώρας | det | high | |
| 31 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 Ποταμοῖς | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the region containing Potamoi. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐστι | punct | high |