Grammar parses for passage 1.31.5
Open translation for this passage
ἔστιν Ἀμάρυνθος ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ· καὶ γὰρ οἱ ταύτῃ τιμῶσιν Ἀμαρυσίαν, ἑορτὴν δὲ καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι τῆς Ἀμαρυσίας ἄγουσιν οὐδέν τι Εὐβοέων ἀφανέστερον·
The sentence contains three loosely coordinated clauses; the final comparative phrase is syntactically compressed and somewhat uncertain, especially οὐδέν τι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 2 Ἀμάρυνθος | cop | high | Copular verb with Ἀμάρυνθος as predicate/nominative subject in inverted order. |
| 2 | Ἀμάρυνθος | Ἀμάρυνθος | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστιν. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 4 Εὐβοίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 4 | Εὐβοίᾳ | Εὐβοία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστιν | obl | high | Locative oblique dependent of ἔστιν. |
| 5 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστιν | punct | high | Mid-sentence punctuation. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 10 τιμῶσιν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction before main clause. |
| 7 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G | _ | 10 τιμῶσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 τιμῶσιν | nsubj | high | Article functioning substantively, subject of τιμῶσιν. |
| 9 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | PD-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 τιμῶσιν | obl | high | Dative of location/means: 'here'. |
| 10 | τιμῶσιν | τιμάω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἔστιν | parataxis | medium | Main clause coordinated to the initial statement; treated as parataxis. |
| 11 | Ἀμαρυσίαν | Ἀμαρυσία | PROPN | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 τιμῶσιν | obj | high | Direct object of τιμῶσιν. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 τιμῶσιν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 13 | ἑορτὴν | ἑορτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἄγουσιν | obj | high | Object of ἄγουσιν. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 19 ἄγουσιν | discourse | high | Mild adversative/continuative particle. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 16 Ἀθηναῖοι | cc | high | Joins Ἀθηναῖοι to the prior subject/topic. |
| 16 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἄγουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἄγουσιν. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Ἀμαρυσίας | det | high | Article with Ἀμαρυσίας. |
| 18 | Ἀμαρυσίας | Ἀμαρυσία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἑορτὴν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἑορτὴν. |
| 19 | ἄγουσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἔστιν | parataxis | medium | Finite verb in coordinated/paratactic clause. |
| 20 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 23 ἀφανέστερον | obj | medium | Likely adverbial/partitive-like element with τι and comparative; analysis uncertain. |
| 21 | τι | τις | PRON | PI-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 20 οὐδέν | advmod | low | Enclitic modifier with οὐδέν; exact function uncertain. |
| 22 | Εὐβοέων | Εὐβοεύς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἀφανέστερον | nmod | high | Genitive of comparison/partitive with ἀφανέστερον. |
| 23 | ἀφανέστερον | ἀφανής | ADJ | A-NSC-CMP | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἄγουσιν | advmod | high | Predicate/comparative adverbial modifying the clause; neuter singular used adverbially. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἄγουσιν | punct | high | Mid-sentence punctuation. |
γέγραπται δʼ ἤδη μοι τῶν ἐν τοῖς δήμοις φάναι πολλοὺς ὡς καὶ πρὸ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐβασιλεύοντο τῆς Κέκροπος· ἔστι δὲ ὁ Κόλαινος ἀνδρὸς ὄνομα πρότερον ἢ Κέκροψ ἐβασίλευσεν ---ὡς οἱ Μυρρινούσιοι λέγουσιν---ἄρξαντος.
The syntax is compressed and somewhat irregular: the first clause contains an accusative-with-infinitive style construction, and the final parenthetical/reporting elements are embedded around the temporal genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-Perf-Subj-M/P-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 γέγραπται | advmod | high | Modifies γέγραπται. |
| 4 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS--- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 1 γέγραπται | iobj | high | Dative of personal interest/recipient. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GenP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 δήμοις | det | high | Article with δήμοις. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 δήμοις | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DatP--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 δήμοις | det | high | Article with δήμοις. |
| 8 | δήμοις | δῆμος | NOUN | N-DPM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 τῶν | nmod | high | Head of the prepositional phrase modifying the infinitive context. |
| 9 | φάναι | φημί | VERB | V-Pres-Act-Inf | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 γέγραπται | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive. |
| 10 | πολλοὺς | πολύς | ADJ | A-APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 φάναι | obj | medium | Likely accusative subject of infinitive (proleptic/accusative with infinitive). |
| 11 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἐβασιλεύοντο | mark | high | Introduces reported clause. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 13 πρὸ | cc | high | Connective adverbial/conjunction. |
| 13 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GenS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἀρχῆς | det | high | Article with ἀρχῆς. |
| 15 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐβασιλεύοντο | obl | high | Temporal/causal genitive phrase with πρὸ. |
| 16 | ἐβασιλεύοντο | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-Impf-Pas-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 9 φάναι | ccomp | high | Finite reported clause. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GenS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Κέκροπος | det | high | Article with Κέκροπος. |
| 18 | Κέκροπος | Κέκροψ | PROPN | N-PRI-GS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐβασιλεύοντο | obl | high | Genitive with temporal force, likely governed by the passive verb. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
| 20 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-Pres-Act-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main clause. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 22 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NMS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Κόλαινος | det | high | Article with Κόλαινος. |
| 23 | Κόλαινος | Κόλαινος | PROPN | N-PRI-NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστι. |
| 24 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὄνομα. |
| 25 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἔστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative / identificational noun phrase; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 26 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 29 ἐβασίλευσεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐβασίλευσεν. |
| 27 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 ἐβασίλευσεν | mark | high | Comparative conjunction. |
| 28 | Κέκροψ | Κέκροψ | PROPN | N-PRI-NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἐβασίλευσεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐβασίλευσεν. |
| 29 | ἐβασίλευσεν | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-Aor-Act-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 20 ἔστι | advcl | high | Temporal clause with ἢ and πρότερον. |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 33 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 36 λέγουσιν | mark | high | Introduces parenthetical reported speech. |
| 34 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NMP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 Μυρρινούσιοι | det | high | Article with Μυρρινούσιοι. |
| 35 | Μυρρινούσιοι | Μυρρινούσιος | PROPN | A-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 λέγουσιν | nsubj | medium | Ethnic adjective used substantively. |
| 36 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-Pres-Act-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 20 ἔστι | parataxis | high | Parenthetical report. |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 40 | ἄρξαντος | ἄρχω | VERB | V-Aor-Act-Part | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 29 ἐβασίλευσεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with omitted subject; refers to the time of accession/beginning. |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |