Grammar parses for passage 1.32.4
Open translation for this passage
καὶ ἀνδρός ἐστιν ἰδίᾳ μνῆμα Μιλτιάδου τοῦ Κίμωνος, συμβάσης ὕστερόν οἱ τῆς τελευτῆς Πάρου τε ἁμαρτόντι καὶ διʼ αὐτὸ ἐς κρίσιν Ἀθηναίοις καταστάντι.
The main clause is μνῆμα ἐστίν; the following genitive absolute introduces a later event, while ἁμαρτόντι and καταστάντι are coordinated dative participles referring to οἱ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 μνῆμα | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἀνδρός | ἀνήρ | NOUN | NOUN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/association. |
| 3 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 μνῆμα | amod | medium | Dative feminine adverbial/qualifying μνῆμα; form may function adverbially. |
| 5 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | Μιλτιάδου | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 μνῆμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μνῆμα. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Κίμωνος | det | high | |
| 8 | Κίμωνος | Κίμων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Μιλτιάδου | nmod | high | Appositional/patronymic genitive: Miltiades, son of Cimon. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 συμβάσης | punct | high | |
| 10 | συμβάσης | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-2AAP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 11 | ὕστερόν | ὕστερον | ADV | D | _ | 10 συμβάσης | advmod | high | |
| 12 | οἱ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 συμβάσης | iobj | medium | Enclitic dative pronoun, likely ethical/experiencer dative with συμβάσης. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 τελευτῆς | det | high | |
| 14 | τελευτῆς | τελευτή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 συμβάσης | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the genitive-absolute participle. |
| 15 | Πάρου | Πάρος | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἁμαρτόντι | obl | medium | Genitive of place/source with ἁμαρτόντι, understood as missing/failing to take Paros. |
| 16 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 ἁμαρτόντι | cc | high | |
| 17 | ἁμαρτόντι | ἁμαρτάνω | VERB | V-2AAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 συμβάσης | advcl | medium | Dative aorist participle, coordinated with καταστάντι; antecedent is οἱ. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 καταστάντι | cc | high | |
| 19 | διʼ | διά | ADP | R-ASF | Case=Acc | 20 αὐτὸ | case | high | Elided διά before accusative. |
| 20 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 24 καταστάντι | obl | high | Neuter accusative referring to the preceding failure. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-ASA | Case=Acc | 22 κρίσιν | case | high | |
| 22 | κρίσιν | κρίσις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 καταστάντι | obl | high | |
| 23 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 καταστάντι | iobj | high | Dative with καταστάντι: brought before/subjected to the Athenians. |
| 24 | καταστάντι | καθίστημι | VERB | V-2AAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἁμαρτόντι | conj | high | Coordinated dative participle, sharing οἱ as understood subject. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα ἀνὰ πᾶσαν νύκτα καὶ ἵππων χρεμετιζόντων καὶ ἀνδρῶν μαχομένων ἔστιν αἰσθέσθαι·
The impersonal ἔστιν governs the articular-free infinitive αἰσθέσθαι; ἀνὰ πᾶσαν νύκτα is temporal, while the genitive absolutes ἵππων χρεμετιζόντων and ἀνδρῶν μαχομένων supply concomitant circumstances. The exact attachment of the coordinated genitive absolutes is high-confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | DPr | PronType=Dem | 11 ἔστιν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | P | _ | 4 νύκτα | case | high | Temporal use with accusative duration. |
| 3 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | DET | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Tot | 4 νύκτα | det | high | |
| 4 | νύκτα | νύξ | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 αἰσθέσθαι | obl:tmod | high | Accusative duration/time span. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 καὶ | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive absolute constructions. |
| 6 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 χρεμετιζόντων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 7 | χρεμετιζόντων | χρεμετίζω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 μαχομένων | cc | high | Coordinates the second genitive absolute with the first. |
| 9 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 μαχομένων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 10 | μαχομένων | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 11 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 11 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal existential/possibility construction with infinitive. |
| 12 | αἰσθέσθαι | αἰσθάνομαι | VERB | V-2AMN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 11 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of impersonal ἔστιν. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔστιν | punct | high |
καταστῆναι δὲ ἐς ἐναργῆ θέαν ἐπίτηδες μὲν οὐκ ἔστιν ὅτῳ συνήνεγκεν, ἀνηκόῳ δὲ ὄντι καὶ ἄλλως συμβὰν οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκ τῶν δαιμόνων ὀργή.
The sentence has two impersonal ἔστιν clauses: the first governs the infinitival subject καταστῆναι and συνήνεγκεν construction; the second identifies the event as not divine anger. The dative absolute ἀνηκόῳ ... ὄντι and neuter participle συμβὰν are syntactically somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καταστῆναι | καθίστημι | VERB | V--AN-- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 20 ἔστιν | csubj | medium | Articular infinitive understood as the subject of ἔστιν; καταστῆναι ἐς θέαν means 'to come/be brought into view'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 θέαν | case | high | |
| 4 | ἐναργῆ | ἐναργής | ADJ | A---AS-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 θέαν | amod | high | |
| 5 | θέαν | θέα | NOUN | N-A-AF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 καταστῆναι | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἐπίτηδες | ἐπίτηδες | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 συνήνεγκεν | advmod | high | |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 συνήνεγκεν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, answered by δέ at token 14. |
| 8 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 9 ἔστιν | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-SPAI-3-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First impersonal/existential ἔστιν; its extraposed subject is the infinitival clause. |
| 10 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | P---DS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 συνήνεγκεν | iobj | medium | Relative-indefinite dative, 'for whom'; antecedent is implicit. |
| 11 | συνήνεγκεν | συμφέρω | VERB | V-AAI-3-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 9 ἔστιν | csubj | medium | Impersonal 'it benefited/agreed'; subject is the following/understood circumstance, with ὅτῳ as dative of reference. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 συνήνεγκεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀνηκόῳ | ἀνήκοος | ADJ | A---DS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ὄντι | amod | high | Dative adjective modifying the substantivized participial subject. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἔστιν | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν at token 7. |
| 15 | ὄντι | εἰμί | AUX | V-SPP-DS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 συμβὰν | advcl | medium | Dative absolute with ἀνηκόῳ: 'since/as he is unhearing'; the dative form is masculine singular. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἄλλως | cc | high | |
| 17 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 18 συμβὰν | advmod | high | |
| 18 | συμβὰν | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-AAPNSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 20 ἔστιν | advcl | medium | Neuter nominative participle, probably referring to an implicit event/circumstance: 'having happened otherwise'. |
| 19 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 20 ἔστιν | advmod | high | |
| 20 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-SPAI-3-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἔστιν | conj | high | Second impersonal/existential clause coordinated with the first. |
| 21 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 δαιμόνων | case | high | |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P-GN-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 δαιμόνων | det | high | |
| 23 | δαιμόνων | δαίμων | NOUN | N-P-GN-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ἔστιν | obl | high | ἐκ phrase expressing source/origin: 'from the divine powers'. |
| 24 | ὀργή | ὀργή | NOUN | N-S-NF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Subject/predicate nominal of the impersonal clause: 'it is not anger from the daimones'. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστιν | punct | high |
σέβονται δὲ οἱ Μαραθώνιοι τούτους τε οἳ παρὰ τὴν μάχην ἀπέθανον ἥρωας ὀνομάζοντες καὶ Μαραθῶνα ἀφʼ οὗ τῷ δήμῳ τὸ ὄνομά ἐστι καὶ Ἡρακλέα, φάμενοι πρώτοις Ἑλλήνων σφίσιν Ἡρακλέα θεὸν νομισθῆναι.
The participles ὀνομάζοντες and φάμενοι are coordinated adjuncts to σέβονται; νομισθῆναι is an accusative-and-infinitive complement of φάμενοι, with Ἡρακλέα as its accusative subject and θεόν as predicate accusative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σέβονται | σέβομαι | VERB | V-PIE-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 σέβονται | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 Μαραθώνιοι | det | high | |
| 4 | Μαραθώνιοι | Μαραθώνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 σέβονται | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | RD-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 σέβονται | obj | high | |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 τούτους | cc | high | |
| 7 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | R-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀπέθανον | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 μάχην | case | high | |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 μάχην | det | high | |
| 10 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀπέθανον | obl | high | παρά + accusative: around/at the time of the battle |
| 11 | ἀπέθανον | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 12 ἥρωας | acl:relcl | high | |
| 12 | ἥρωας | ἥρως | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 τούτους | appos | high | Predicative/appositional characterization of τούτους |
| 13 | ὀνομάζοντες | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 σέβονται | advcl | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Μαραθῶνα | cc | high | |
| 15 | Μαραθῶνα | Μαραθών | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὀνομάζοντες | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ὀνομάζοντες |
| 16 | ἀφʼ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 οὗ | case | high | |
| 17 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | R-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Μαραθῶνα | acl:relcl | high | Relative reference to Μαραθῶνα |
| 18 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 δήμῳ | det | high | |
| 19 | δήμῳ | δῆμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐστι | obl | high | |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ὄνομά | det | high | |
| 21 | ὄνομά | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 οὗ | acl:relcl | high | Copular clause within the relative construction |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 Ἡρακλέα | cc | high | |
| 24 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὀνομάζοντες | obj | high | Third coordinated object of ὀνομάζοντες |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 φάμενοι | punct | high | |
| 26 | φάμενοι | φημί | VERB | V-2AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 σέβονται | advcl | high | Participial clause expressing their claim |
| 27 | πρώτοις | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 φάμενοι | obl | medium | Dative with superlative sense: first among Greeks |
| 28 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 πρώτοις | nmod | high | |
| 29 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-D3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 32 νομισθῆναι | iobj | medium | Reflexive dative, likely 'by/among themselves' with νομισθῆναι |
| 30 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 νομισθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive |
| 31 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Ἡρακλέα | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with Ἡρακλέα |
| 32 | νομισθῆναι | νομίζω | VERB | V-APN-P | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 26 φάμενοι | ccomp | high | |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 σέβονται | punct | high |