Grammar parses for passage 1.32.5
Open translation for this passage
συνέβη δὲ ὡς λέγουσιν ἄνδρα ἐν τῇ μάχῃ παρεῖναι τὸ εἶδος καὶ τὴν σκευὴν ἄγροικον·
The sentence contains an accusative-with-infinitive construction after λέγουσιν, with παρεῖναι taking ἄνδρα as its subject and a coordinated nominal predicate/object phrase εἶδος ... σκευὴν ἄγροικον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 συνέβη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 9 παρεῖναι | mark | high | Introduces reported content/comparative clause. |
| 4 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 παρεῖναι | advcl | high | Finite verb in parenthetical/reporting clause. |
| 5 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 παρεῖναι | nsubj | medium | Infinitival subject of παρεῖναι; accusative with infinitive. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 8 μάχῃ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 μάχῃ | det | high | Article modifying μάχῃ. |
| 8 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 παρεῖναι | obl | high | Temporal/local oblique dependent of παρεῖναι. |
| 9 | παρεῖναι | πάρειμι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 εἶδος | det | high | Article with εἶδος. |
| 11 | εἶδος | εἶδος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 παρεῖναι | obj | medium | Accusative predicate/object with infinitive; syntax somewhat ambiguous. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 εἶδος | cc | high | Coordinator linking the two coordinated complements. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 σκευὴν | det | high | Article with σκευὴν. |
| 14 | σκευὴν | σκευή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 εἶδος | conj | high | Coordinated with εἶδος. |
| 15 | ἄγροικον | ἄγροικος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 σκευὴν | amod | medium | Likely predicate adjective agreeing in sense with the coordinated phrase; morphology is awkward because it matches ἄνδρα. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 συνέβη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
οὗτος τῶν βαρβάρων πολλοὺς καταφονεύσας ἀρότρῳ μετὰ τὸ ἔργον ἦν ἀφανής·
The main clause is copular, with ἀφανής as predicate adjective; καταφονεύσας forms a circumstantial participial clause, and μετὰ τὸ ἔργον is a temporal adjunct.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PW-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 2 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 βαρβάρων | det | high | Article with partitive genitive. |
| 3 | βαρβάρων | βάρβαρος | NOUN | N-P---MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 οὗτος | nmod | high | Partitive genitive dependent on οὗτος. |
| 4 | πολλοὺς | πολύς | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 καταφονεύσας | obj | high | Object of καταφονεύσας. |
| 5 | καταφονεύσας | καταφονεύω | VERB | AAP-NSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ἦν | advcl | high | Aorist participle modifying ἦν. |
| 6 | ἀρότρῳ | ἄροτρον | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 καταφονεύσας | obl | medium | Dative of instrument. |
| 7 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R | _ | 9 ἔργον | case | high | Preposition governing τὸ ἔργον. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔργον | det | high | Article with ἔργον. |
| 9 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἦν | obl | high | Temporal phrase with μετά. |
| 10 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular/auxiliary verb. |
| 11 | ἀφανής | ἀφανής | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰμί. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐρομένοις δὲ Ἀθηναίοις ἄλλο μὲν ὁ θεὸς ἐς αὐτὸν ἔχρησεν οὐδέν, τιμᾶν δὲ Ἐχετλαῖον ἐκέλευσεν ἥρωα.
The syntax is partly paratactic: ἔχρησεν and ἐκέλευσεν are coordinated narrative verbs, with the infinitive τιμᾶν taking an accusative object/appositional complement ἥρωα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐρομένοις | ἐρέομαι | VERB | VMPP--DM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 ἔχρησεν | advcl | high | Aorist middle participle, dative plural agreeing with Ἀθηναίοις. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 ἔχρησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-p---d- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἐρομένοις | obl | high | Dative plural with the participle ἐρομένοις. |
| 4 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔχρησεν | obj | high | Accusative neuter singular, object of ἔχρησεν. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 ἄλλο | discourse | high | Correlative particle paired with δὲ. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 θεὸς | det | high | Definite article. |
| 7 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἔχρησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔχρησεν. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἔχρησεν | obl | high | Preposition governing αὐτὸν. |
| 9 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 ἐς | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐς. |
| 10 | ἔχρησεν | χράω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 11 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg | 10 ἔχρησεν | obj | high | Negated accusative object, likely in apposition to ἄλλο or reinforcing it. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔχρησεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 13 | τιμᾶν | τιμάω | VERB | v--pna--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 ἐκέλευσεν | obj | high | Complementary infinitive of ἐκέλευσεν. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 16 ἐκέλευσεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 15 | Ἐχετλαῖον | Ἐχετλαῖος | PROPN | A-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τιμᾶν | obj | high | Accusative object of the infinitive τιμᾶν. |
| 16 | ἐκέλευσεν | κελεύω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; governs complementary infinitive. |
| 17 | ἥρωα | ἥρως | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τιμᾶν | xcomp | medium | Predicative/appositional accusative with τιμᾶν, describing Echetlaeus as a hero. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐκέλευσεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
πεποίηται δὲ καὶ τρόπαιον λίθου λευκοῦ.
Simple clause with perfect verb and an accusative object modified by a genitive material phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-Perf-Pas-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive form used intransitively in sense ‘has been made/stands’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 τρόπαιον | cc | high | Coordinating particle linking to previous discourse context; here adverbial/additive. |
| 4 | τρόπαιον | τρόπαιον | NOUN | N-Acc-Sg-Neut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 πεποίηται | obj | high | Direct object/complement of πεποίηται. |
| 5 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 τρόπαιον | nmod | high | Genitive of material modifying τρόπαιον. |
| 6 | λευκοῦ | λευκός | ADJ | A-Gen-Sg-Masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λίθου | amod | high | Attributive adjective agreeing with λίθου. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |