Grammar parses for passage 1.32.6
Open translation for this passage
ἐπεὶ δὲ ἀπελθόντος ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Ἡρακλέους ἐξῄτει τοὺς παῖδας Εὐρυσθεύς, ἐς Ἀθήνας πέμπει σφᾶς ὁ Τραχίνιος ἀσθένειάν τε λέγων τὴν αὑτοῦ καὶ Θησέα οὐκ ἀδύνατον εἶναι τιμωρεῖν·
The opening genitive absolute (ἀπελθόντος ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Ἡρακλέους) is temporal under ἐπεί; ἐξῄτει takes τοὺς παῖδας as object and Εὐρυσθεύς as subject. πέμπει has Τραχίνιος as subject and σφᾶς as object; λέγων coordinates two accusative-infinitive contents, with Θησέα understood as subject of εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 7 ἐξῄτει | mark | high | Temporal conjunction introducing the genitive-absolute clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἐξῄτει | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπελθόντος | ἀπέρχομαι | VERB | VAAP-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 Ἡρακλέους | acl | high | Genitive participle in a genitive absolute. |
| 4 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἀνθρώπων | case | high | |
| 5 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἀπελθόντος | obl | high | Source/separation complement of ἀπελθόντος. |
| 6 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀπελθόντος | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 7 | ἐξῄτει | ἐξαιτέω | VERB | VIAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | D-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 9 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐξῄτει | obj | high | |
| 10 | Εὐρυσθεύς | Εὐρυσθεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐξῄτει | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐξῄτει | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Ἀθήνας | case | high | |
| 13 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 πέμπει | obl | high | Goal of πέμπει. |
| 14 | πέμπει | πέμπω | VERB | VPAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἐξῄτει | parataxis | high | Coordinated/main narrative verb after the comma. |
| 15 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AP3P | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 πέμπει | obj | high | Refers to the children. |
| 16 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | D-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Τραχίνιος | det | high | |
| 17 | Τραχίνιος | Τραχίνιος | PROPN | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 πέμπει | nsubj | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective, 'the Trachinian'. |
| 18 | ἀσθένειάν | ἀσθένεια | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 λέγων | obj | high | Object of λέγων. |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἀσθένειάν | cc | high | Coordinates the two reported clauses/content phrases. |
| 20 | λέγων | λέγω | VERB | VPAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 πέμπει | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with subject Τραχίνιος. |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | D-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 αὑτοῦ | det | high | |
| 22 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 18 ἀσθένειάν | nmod | high | Possessive genitive modifying ἀσθένειαν. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 ἀδύνατον | cc | high | Coordinates the two accusative-infinitive content constructions. |
| 24 | Θησέα | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 25 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PTC | Polarity=Neg | 26 ἀδύνατον | advmod | high | |
| 26 | ἀδύνατον | ἀδύνατος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Accusative predicative adjective in the infinitival construction; formally masculine accusative agreeing with Θησέα. |
| 27 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | VPAAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 λέγων | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by λέγων. |
| 28 | τιμωρεῖν | τιμωρέω | VERB | VPΑΝ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 27 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive with ἀδύνατον εἶναι; understood subject is Θησέα. |
| 29 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐξῄτει | punct | high |
ἀφικόμενοι δὲ οἱ παῖδες ἱκέται πρῶτον τότε Πελοποννησίοις ποιοῦσι πόλεμον πρὸς Ἀθηναίους, Θησέως σφᾶς οὐκ ἐκδόντος αἰτοῦντι Εὐρυσθεῖ.
The participial clause ἀφικόμενοι ... ποιοῦσι sets the scene; Θησέως ἐκδόντος αἰτοῦντι Εὐρυσθεῖ is a genitive absolute, with αἰτοῦντι agreeing with the dative Εὐρυσθεῖ and σφᾶς as the object of ἐκδόντος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφικόμενοι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2Aor-MedPtcp-NMP | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 9 ποιοῦσι | advcl | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ποιοῦσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 4 παῖδες | det | high | |
| 4 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 9 ποιοῦσι | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἱκέται | ἱκέτης | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 4 παῖδες | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative: the children arrive as suppliants. |
| 6 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | A-ASN | Case=Accusative|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 9 ποιοῦσι | advmod | high | Adverbial neuter accusative. |
| 7 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 ποιοῦσι | advmod | high | |
| 8 | Πελοποννησίοις | Πελοποννήσιος | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 9 ποιοῦσι | iobj | medium | Dative with ποιεῖν πόλεμον: the Peloponnesians as the side making war. |
| 9 | ποιοῦσι | ποιέω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 9 ποιοῦσι | obj | high | |
| 11 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Ἀθηναίους | case | high | |
| 12 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 9 ποιοῦσι | obl | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ποιοῦσι | punct | high | |
| 14 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 17 ἐκδόντος | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 15 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-APM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural|Person=3 | 17 ἐκδόντος | obj | high | |
| 16 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 ἐκδόντος | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ἐκδόντος | ἐκδίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAP-GSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 9 ποιοῦσι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute predicate. |
| 18 | αἰτοῦντι | αἰτέω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 19 Εὐρυσθεῖ | acl | medium | Participial modifier of Εὐρυσθεῖ, substantially ‘when he was asking’. |
| 19 | Εὐρυσθεῖ | Εὐρυσθεύς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 17 ἐκδόντος | obl | high | Dative with ἐκδίδωμι, recipient/addressee. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ποιοῦσι | punct | high |
λέγουσι δὲ Ἀθηναίοις γενέσθαι χρησμὸν τῶν παίδων ἀποθανεῖν χρῆναι τῶν Ἡρακλέους τινὰ ἐθελοντήν, ἐπεὶ ἄλλως γε οὐκ εἶναι νίκην σφίσιν·
λέγουσι introduces an accusative-and-infinitive report: χρησμόν γενέσθαι, with the oracle's content expressed by χρῆναι + infinitives ἀποθανεῖν and εἶναι; τῶν παίδων and τῶν Ἡρακλέους are genitives of restriction/partitive, while ἐθελοντήν is the accusative subject/predicate of ἀποθανεῖν. The final clause gives the stated condition for victory; σφίσιν is ethical/dative of possession or reference.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | cc | high | Postpositive adversative/continuative particle. |
| 3 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 γενέσθαι | iobj | high | Dative of the persons for whom the oracle came. |
| 4 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Infinitive in the reported-content construction. |
| 5 | χρησμὸν | χρησμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of γενέσθαι. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 παίδων | det | high | |
| 7 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀποθανεῖν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ἀποθανεῖν, likely partitive/restrictive: one of the boys. |
| 8 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 χρῆναι | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by χρῆναι. |
| 9 | χρῆναι | χρή | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 γενέσθαι | ccomp | high | Impersonal necessity infinitive, presenting the oracle's prescription. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐθελοντήν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐθελοντήν: Heracles' descendants/line. |
| 12 | τινὰ | τις | PRON | P-AAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 13 ἐθελοντήν | det | high | Indefinite determiner modifying ἐθελοντήν. |
| 13 | ἐθελοντήν | ἐθελοντής | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποθανεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject of ἀποθανεῖν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀποθανεῖν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 εἶναι | mark | high | Introduces the explanatory/causal clause. |
| 16 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | ADV | _ | 19 εἶναι | advmod | high | |
| 17 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 16 ἄλλως | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 18 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 εἶναι | advmod | high | |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 γενέσθαι | conj | medium | Infinitive coordinated with χρῆναι in the oracle's reported content; understood subject is σφίσιν. |
| 20 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 21 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 εἶναι | obl | medium | Dative of possession/reference with εἶναι. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγουσι | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα Μακαρία Δηιανείρας καὶ Ἡρακλέους θυγάτηρ ἀποσφάξασα ἑαυτὴν ἔδωκεν Ἀθηναίοις τε κρατῆσαι τῷ πολέμῳ καὶ τῇ πηγῇ τὸ ὄνομα ἀφʼ αὑτῆς.
The infinitive κρατῆσαι is coordinated with the omitted infinitival complement of ἔδωκεν; τῷ πολέμῳ is a dative of sphere, while τῇ πηγῇ τὸ ὄνομα ἀφʼ αὑτῆς expresses naming the spring after herself. Δηιανείρας is a genitive dependent on θυγάτηρ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 ἔδωκεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | Μακαρία | Μακαρία | PROPN | Ne---n | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔδωκεν | nsubj | high | Personal name, nominative. |
| 3 | Δηιανείρας | Δηιανείρα | PROPN | Ne---g | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 θυγάτηρ | nmod | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 θυγάτηρ | cc | high | |
| 5 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | Ne---g | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 θυγάτηρ | nmod | high | |
| 6 | θυγάτηρ | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | Nb---n | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 Μακαρία | appos | high | Appositional description of Μακαρία. |
| 7 | ἀποσφάξασα | ἀποσφάζω | VERB | Vpa---na | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἔδωκεν | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, subject-controlled. |
| 8 | ἑαυτὴν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | Px----a | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 7 ἀποσφάξασα | obj | high | |
| 9 | ἔδωκεν | δίδωμι | VERB | Vpaa3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Ne---d | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 κρατῆσαι | iobj | high | |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 κρατῆσαι | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 12 | κρατῆσαι | κρατέω | VERB | Vpa---na | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 ἔδωκεν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive coordinated with the naming complement; exact attachment of Ἀθηναίοις is syntactically compressed. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | S---md-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 πολέμῳ | det | high | |
| 14 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | Nb---d | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κρατῆσαι | obl | medium | Dative of sphere/domain with κρατῆσαι. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 ὄνομα | cc | high | Coordinates the two objects/phrases associated with naming. |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S---fd-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 πηγῇ | det | high | |
| 17 | πηγῇ | πηγή | NOUN | Nb---d | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ὄνομα | iobj | medium | Dative with τὸ ὄνομα, construed as the thing receiving the name. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---na-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 19 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | Nb---a | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 κρατῆσαι | obj | medium | Accusative object in the naming construction; syntactically coordinated with the preceding infinitival phrase. |
| 20 | ἀφʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 αὑτῆς | case | high | |
| 21 | αὑτῆς | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | Px----g | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 19 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive of derivation/source: named after herself. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔδωκεν | punct | high |