Grammar parses for passage 1.32.7
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ Μαραθῶνι λίμνη τὰ πολλὰ ἑλώδης·
The main syntactic issue is the construction τὰ πολλὰ with ἑλώδης; it is best treated as an adverbial accusative modifying the predicate adjective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb as root. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | obl | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Μαραθῶνι | det | high | Article modifying place name. |
| 5 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | Ne-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐν | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 6 | λίμνη | λίμνη | NOUN | N--s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 πολλὰ | advmod | low | Likely adverbial accusative with πολλὰ; tokenization/analysis is uncertain. |
| 8 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἑλώδης | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative modifying ἑλώδης. |
| 9 | ἑλώδης | ἑλώδης | ADJ | A-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 λίμνη | amod | high | Predicate adjective modifying λίμνη. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὀλίγον δὲ ἀπωτέρω τοῦ πεδίου Πανός ἐστιν ὄρος καὶ σπήλαιον θέας ἄξιον·
The genitive chain τοῦ πεδίου Πανός is somewhat ambiguous, but it is most naturally read as a locative/directional complement with a dependent genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | obl | high | Adverbial accusative of extent/distance with ἀπωτέρω. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Ptcl | _ | 7 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπωτέρω | ἀπώτερος | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying ἐστιν. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 πεδίου | det | high | Article with πεδίου. |
| 5 | πεδίου | πεδίον | NOUN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ὀλίγον | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ὀλίγον/ἀπωτέρω ('a little farther from the plain'). |
| 6 | Πανός | Πάν | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πεδίου | nmod | medium | Likely a genitive dependent of πεδίου; could be part of a place name or descriptive genitive. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate. |
| 8 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 10 σπήλαιον | cc | high | Coordinates ὄρος and σπήλαιον. |
| 10 | σπήλαιον | σπήλαιον | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὄρος | conj | high | Conjoined subject/predicate nominative with ὄρος. |
| 11 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἄξιον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄξιον. |
| 12 | ἄξιον | ἄξιος | ADJ | a-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 σπήλαιον | amod | medium | Agreeing with σπήλαιον; semantically predicate adjective 'worthy of sight'. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἔσοδος μὲν ἐς αὐτὸ στενή, παρελθοῦσι δέ εἰσιν οἶκοι καὶ λουτρὰ καὶ καλούμενον Πανὸς αἰπόλιον, πέτραι τὰ πολλὰ αἰξὶν εἰκασμέναι.
The syntax is paratactic and slightly irregular: εἰσιν governs an apparent list of nominative subjects/predicatives, while παρελθοῦσι introduces a dative-participial frame.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔσοδος | ἔσοδος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 εἰσιν | nsubj | medium | Main subject of the existential clause. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔσοδος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 4 αὐτὸ | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτό. |
| 4 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 ἔσοδος | nmod | medium | Prepositional complement modifying ἔσοδος. |
| 5 | στενή | στενός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 ἔσοδος | amod | high | Predicate adjective with ἔσοδος. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔσοδος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | παρελθοῦσι | παρέρχομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Common|Number=Plural|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 9 εἰσιν | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely concessive/temporal, governing the following existential clause. |
| 8 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 εἰσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 9 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular root. |
| 10 | οἶκοι | οἶκος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Part of the existential list. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 λουτρὰ | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 12 | λουτρὰ | λουτρόν | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 10 οἶκοι | conj | high | Coordinated with οἶκοι. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 καλούμενον | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 14 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 16 αἰπόλιον | amod | medium | Participial modifier of αἰπόλιον; form is ambiguous but likely agreeing by sense with neuter singular. |
| 15 | Πανὸς | Πάν | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 αἰπόλιον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of αἰπόλιον. |
| 16 | αἰπόλιον | αἰπόλιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 12 λουτρὰ | conj | medium | Conjunct after λουτρὰ; syntactic number/gender is somewhat uncertain in context. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἰσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | πέτραι | πέτρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 9 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Second major nominal predicate/list member with εἰσιν. |
| 19 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 20 πολλὰ | det | medium | Likely article with πολλὰ. |
| 20 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 18 πέτραι | advmod | low | Adverbial/intensive use in the idiom τὰ πολλὰ 'for the most part'. |
| 21 | αἰξὶν | αἴξ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 22 εἰκασμέναι | obl | high | Dative of comparison/instrument with εἰκασμέναι. |
| 22 | εἰκασμέναι | ἐικάζω | VERB | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 18 πέτραι | amod | high | Participle modifying πέτραι. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἰσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |