Pausanias Analysis

Passage 1.32.6

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Passage 1.32.6: Macaria sacrifices herself at Marathon.

Mythic Non-skeptical

Greek Text

ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῷ Μαραθῶνι πηγὴ καλουμένη Μακαρία, καὶ τοιάδε ἐς αὐτὴν λέγουσιν. Ἡρακλῆς ὡς ἐκ Τίρυνθος ἔφευγεν Εὐρυσθέα, παρὰ Κήυκα φίλον ὄντα μετοικίζεται βασιλεύοντα Τραχῖνος. ἐπεὶ δὲ ἀπελθόντος ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Ἡρακλέους ἐξῄτει τοὺς παῖδας Εὐρυσθεύς, ἐς Ἀθήνας πέμπει σφᾶς ὁ Τραχίνιος ἀσθένειάν τε λέγων τὴν αὑτοῦ καὶ Θησέα οὐκ ἀδύνατον εἶναι τιμωρεῖν· ἀφικόμενοι δὲ οἱ παῖδες ἱκέται πρῶτον τότε Πελοποννησίοις ποιοῦσι πόλεμον πρὸς Ἀθηναίους, Θησέως σφᾶς οὐκ ἐκδόντος αἰτοῦντι Εὐρυσθεῖ. λέγουσι δὲ Ἀθηναίοις γενέσθαι χρησμὸν τῶν παίδων ἀποθανεῖν χρῆναι τῶν Ἡρακλέους τινὰ ἐθελοντήν, ἐπεὶ ἄλλως γε οὐκ εἶναι νίκην σφίσιν· ἐνταῦθα Μακαρία Δηιανείρας καὶ Ἡρακλέους θυγάτηρ ἀποσφάξασα ἑαυτὴν ἔδωκεν Ἀθηναίοις τε κρατῆσαι τῷ πολέμῳ καὶ τῇ πηγῇ τὸ ὄνομα ἀφʼ αὑτῆς.

English Translation

In Marathon there is a spring called Macaria, and about it they tell the following story. When Heracles was fleeing from Eurystheus out of Tiryns, he settled with his friend Ceyx, who was the king of Trachis. But after the death of Heracles, Eurystheus demanded his children, and the Trachinian, claiming his own weakness and that Theseus would likely be strong enough to defend them, sent them forth to Athens. Upon their arrival as suppliants, the Peloponnesians then for the first time made war against the Athenians, because Theseus refused to give the children over to Eurystheus who demanded them. The Athenians say an oracle was delivered to them, that victory could not otherwise come unless one of Heracles’ children willingly died. At this point Macaria, the daughter of Heracles and Deianeira, slew herself willingly, thus giving victory to the Athenians in battle and naming the spring after herself.

Proper Nouns

Athenians (Ἀθηναῖοι) other
Deianeira (Δηϊάνειρα) person
Eurystheus (Εὐρυσθεύς) person Q117453263
Theseus (Θησεύς) person
Keyx (Κήυξ) person
Macaria (Μακαρία) person
Heracles (Ἡρακλῆς) person
Marathon (Μαραθών) place Q212150 Pleiades
Peloponnese (Πελοπόννησος) place Q78967
Tiryns (Τίρυνς) place Q217379 Pleiades
Trachis (Τραχίς) place Q1057414
Also in: 10.3.2 10.22.1
Athens (Ἀθῆναι) place Q844930
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