Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.33.8

← 1.33.71.34.1 →

Passage 1.33.8

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
81Greek tokens
3,034input tokens
5,837output tokens
Sentence 1

1.33.8 sentence 1

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Input
843
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2,840

ταῦτα ἀκηκοὼς Φειδίας πεποίηκεν Ἑλένην ὑπὸ Λήδας ἀγομένην παρὰ τὴν Νέμεσιν, πεποίηκε δὲ Τυνδάρεών τε καὶ τοὺς παῖδας καὶ ἄνδρα σὺν ἵππῳ παρεστηκότα Ἱππέα ὄνομα·

The sentence has two coordinated clauses with a participial descriptive frame; the final naming/appositional sequence around Ἱππέα ὄνομα is syntactically uncertain.

punct obj punct obl conj acl case case obj cc conj obj advcl nsubj obj obl det cc cc det cc case obl xcomp appos root root 1 ταῦτα οὗτος / PRON 2 ἀκηκοὼς ἀκούω / VERB 3 Φειδίας Φειδίας / PROPN 4 πεποίηκεν ποιέω / VERB 5 Ἑλένην Ἑλένη / PROPN 6 ὑπὸ ὑπό / ADP 7 Λήδας Λήδη / PROPN 8 ἀγομένην ἄγω / VERB 9 παρὰ παρά / ADP 10 τὴν ὁ / DET 11 Νέμεσιν Νέμεσις / PROPN 12 , , / PUNCT 13 πεποίηκε ποιέω / VERB 14 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 15 Τυνδάρεών Τυνδάρεως / PROPN 16 τε τε / PART 17 καὶ καί / CCONJ 18 τοὺς ὁ / DET 19 παῖδας παῖς / NOUN 20 καὶ καί / CCONJ 21 ἄνδρα ἀνήρ / NOUN 22 σὺν σύν / ADP 23 ἵππῳ ἵππος / NOUN 24 παρεστηκότα παρίστημι / VERB 25 Ἱππέα Ἱππεύς / PROPN 26 ὄνομα ὄνομα / NOUN 27 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ταῦταοὗτοςPRONPd-APNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem2 ἀκηκοὼςobjhighObject of ἀκηκοὼς.
2ἀκηκοὼςἀκούωVERBV-PRP-NSMAspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act3 ΦειδίαςadvclhighCircumstantial participle modifying Φειδίας.
3ΦειδίαςΦειδίαςPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 πεποίηκενnsubjhighSubject of πεποίηκεν.
4πεποίηκενποιέωVERBV-IXP-3SAspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain finite verb of first clause.
5ἙλένηνἙλένηPROPNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 πεποίηκενobjhighDirect object of πεποίηκεν.
6ὑπὸὑπόADPR_8 ἀγομένηνcasehighIntroduces agent phrase.
7ΛήδαςΛήδηPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἀγομένηνoblhighAgent with ὑπό.
8ἀγομένηνἄγωVERBV-PPP-ASFAspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid5 ἙλένηνaclhighParticiple modifying Ἑλένην.
9παρὰπαράADPR_11 ΝέμεσινcasehighPreposition with accusative.
10τὴνDETT-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art11 ΝέμεσινdethighArticle with Νέμεσιν.
11ΝέμεσινΝέμεσιςPROPNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 πεποίηκενoblmediumObject of παρὰ, semantically a comparison/place phrase.
12,,PUNCT__4 πεποίηκενpuncthighPunctuation.
13πεποίηκεποιέωVERBV-IXP-3SAspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighSecond main finite verb.
14δὲδέCCONJG_13 πεποίηκεcchighPostpositive connective.
15ΤυνδάρεώνΤυνδάρεωςPROPNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 πεποίηκεobjhighFirst coordinated object of πεποίηκε.
16τετεPARTG_15 ΤυνδάρεώνcchighEnclitic connector in coordination.
17καὶκαίCCONJC_19 παῖδαςcchighCoordinates παῖδας with Τυνδάρεών.
18τοὺςDETT-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art19 παῖδαςdethighArticle with παῖδας.
19παῖδαςπαῖςNOUNN-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur15 ΤυνδάρεώνconjhighConjunct of Τυνδάρεών.
20καὶκαίCCONJC_21 ἄνδραcchighCoordinates ἄνδρα with παῖδας.
21ἄνδραἀνήρNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 παῖδαςconjhighThird coordinated object.
22σὺνσύνADPR_23 ἵππῳcasehighPreposition with dative.
23ἵππῳἵπποςNOUNN-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing24 παρεστηκόταoblmediumAssociated with participle παρεστηκότα; likely comitative phrase.
24παρεστηκόταπαρίστημιVERBV-PRP-ASMAspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act13 πεποίηκεobjmediumParticiple agreeing with ἄνδρα; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain.
25ἹππέαἹππεύςPROPNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing24 παρεστηκόταxcomplowLikely appositional title or predicative object to participle; uncertain.
26ὄνομαὄνομαNOUNN-ASNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing25 ἹππέαapposmediumApposition to Ἱππέα, giving the name.
27··PUNCT__13 πεποίηκεpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 3

1.33.8 sentence 3

Tokens
20
Input
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Output
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2,122

Ὀρέστης δὲ διὰ τὸ ἐς τὴν μητέρα τόλμημα παρείθη, παραμεινάσης τε ἐς ἅπαν Ἑρμιόνης αὐτῷ καὶ τεκούσης παῖδα.

The participial sequence at the end is a coordinated genitive absolute; ἐς ἅπαν is somewhat idiomatic/uncertain in function.

punct nsubj discourse conj case iobj det nsubj obl case advcl det obl obl punct discourse case cc obj root 1 Ὀρέστης Ὀρέστης / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 διὰ διά / ADP 4 τὸ ὁ / DET 5 ἐς εἰς / ADP 6 τὴν ὁ / DET 7 μητέρα μήτηρ / NOUN 8 τόλμημα τόλμημα / NOUN 9 παρείθη παρίημι / VERB 10 , , / PUNCT 11 παραμεινάσης παραμένω / VERB 12 τε τε / PART 13 ἐς εἰς / ADP 14 ἅπαν ἅπας / ADJ 15 Ἑρμιόνης Ἑρμιόνη / PROPN 16 αὐτῷ αὐτός / PRON 17 καὶ καί / CCONJ 18 τεκούσης τίκτω / VERB 19 παῖδα παῖς / NOUN 20 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὈρέστηςὈρέστηςPROPN_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 παρείθηnsubjhighSubject of παρείθη.
2δὲδέPART__9 παρείθηdiscoursehighPostpositive particle.
3διὰδιάADP_Case=Acc8 τόλμημαcasehighPreposition governing τόλμημα.
4τὸDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing8 τόλμημαdethighArticle modifying τόλμημα.
5ἐςεἰςADP_Case=Acc7 μητέραcasehighPreposition governing μητέρα.
6τὴνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 μητέραdethighArticle modifying μητέρα.
7μητέραμήτηρNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 τόλμημαoblhighObject of prepositional phrase ἐς τὴν μητέρα.
8τόλμηματόλμημαNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing9 παρείθηoblhighCausal phrase with διὰ.
9παρείθηπαρίημιVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass0 ROOTrootmediumFinite verb; passive form taken as root.
10,,PUNCT__9 παρείθηpuncthighPunctuation.
11παραμεινάσηςπαραμένωVERB_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act9 παρείθηadvclhighGenitive absolute participle.
12τετεPART__11 παραμεινάσηςdiscoursehighEnclitic connective particle.
13ἐςεἰςADP_Case=Acc14 ἅπανcasemediumPreposition with ἅπαν; syntax somewhat uncertain.
14ἅπανἅπαςADJ_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing11 παραμεινάσηςoblmediumLikely adverbial/prepositional use meaning 'altogether'; form somewhat uncertain.
15ἙρμιόνηςἙρμιόνηPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing11 παραμεινάσηςnsubjhighSubject of participle in genitive absolute.
16αὐτῷαὐτόςPRON_Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=311 παραμεινάσηςiobjhighDative associated with the participial clause.
17καὶκαίCCONJ__18 τεκούσηςcchighCoordinating conjunction.
18τεκούσηςτίκτωVERB_Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act11 παραμεινάσηςconjhighSecond coordinated genitive absolute participle.
19παῖδαπαῖςNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 τεκούσηςobjhighDirect object of τεκούσης.
20..PUNCT__9 παρείθηpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 4

1.33.8 sentence 4

Tokens
13
Input
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Output
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Total
1,656

ἑξῆς δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ βάθρῳ καὶ Ἔποχος καλούμενος καὶ νεανίας ἐστὶν ἕτερος·

The main difficulty is the coordination around Ἔποχος καλούμενος καὶ νεανίας; I treat Ἔποχος as the principal subject and νεανίας as a coordinated nominal element within the subject phrase, with ἕτερος as the copular predicate.

advmod discourse obl nsubj pobj nsubj punct det cc acl cc xcomp root 1 ἑξῆς ἑξῆς / ADV 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 4 τῷ ὁ / DET 5 βάθρῳ βάθρον / NOUN 6 καὶ καί / CCONJ 7 Ἔποχος Ἔποχος / PROPN 8 καλούμενος καλέω / VERB 9 καὶ καί / CCONJ 10 νεανίας νεανίας / NOUN 11 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 12 ἕτερος ἕτερος / ADJ 13 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἑξῆςἑξῆςADVADV_11 ἐστὶνadvmodhighAdverbial modifier of the copular clause.
2δὲδέPARTPART_11 ἐστὶνdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ἐπὶἐπίADPR-_11 ἐστὶνoblmediumPreposition governing τῷ βάθρῳ; attached to the clause.
4τῷDETL-Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art5 βάθρῳdethighArticle modifying βάθρῳ.
5βάθρῳβάθρονNOUNN-Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 ἐπὶpobjhighObject of ἐπί.
6καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_7 ἜποχοςcchighCoordinating conjunction.
7ἜποχοςἜποχοςPROPNN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing11 ἐστὶνnsubjhighFirst conjunct in coordinated subject-like phrase.
8καλούμενοςκαλέωVERBV-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid7 ἜποχοςaclhighAttributive participle modifying Ἔποχος.
9καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_10 νεανίαςcchighCoordinating conjunction.
10νεανίαςνεανίαςNOUNN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ἕτεροςnsubjmediumLikely coordinated with Ἔποχος as part of the subject phrase.
11ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular root of the sentence.
12ἕτεροςἕτεροςADJA-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing11 ἐστὶνxcompmediumPredicative adjective with copula; may be analyzed as predicate complement.
13··PUNCT__11 ἐστὶνpuncthighSentence punctuation.
Sentence 5

1.33.8 sentence 5

Tokens
21
Input
767
Output
1,486
Total
2,253

ἐς τούτους ἄλλο μὲν ἤκουσα οὐδέν, ἀδελφοὺς δὲ εἶναι σφᾶς Οἰνόης, ἀφʼ ἧς ἐστι τὸ ὄνομα τῷ δήμῳ.

The syntax is somewhat elliptical: ἤκουσα takes both a direct object phrase and an accusative-with-infinitive construction; the final clause explains the source of the name.

punct parataxis xcomp nmod obl appos punct nmod obj punct obj cop iobj case discourse obj discourse case det det root 1 ἐς εἰς / ADP 2 τούτους οὗτος / PRON 3 ἄλλο ἄλλος / ADJ 4 μὲν μέν / PART 5 ἤκουσα ἀκούω / VERB 6 οὐδέν οὐδείς / PRON 7 , , / PUNCT 8 ἀδελφοὺς ἀδελφός / NOUN 9 δὲ δέ / PART 10 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 11 σφᾶς σφεῖς / PRON 12 Οἰνόης Οἰνόη / PROPN 13 , , / PUNCT 14 ἀφʼ ἀπό / ADP 15 ἧς ὅς / PRON 16 ἐστι εἰμί / AUX 17 τὸ ὁ / DET 18 ὄνομα ὄνομα / NOUN 19 τῷ ὁ / DET 20 δήμῳ δῆμος / NOUN 21 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐςεἰςADPPp_2 τούτουςcasehighPreposition governing τούτους.
2τούτουςοὗτοςPRONPdCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 ἤκουσαoblhighObject of ἤκουσα with preposition ἐς.
3ἄλλοἄλλοςADJA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἤκουσαobjhighAccusative object in the contrasted clause.
4μὲνμένPARTG_5 ἤκουσαdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
5ἤκουσαἀκούωVERBV-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
6οὐδένοὐδείςPRONPkCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἤκουσαobjhighNegated object of ἤκουσα.
7,,PUNCT__5 ἤκουσαpuncthighPunctuation.
8ἀδελφοὺςἀδελφόςNOUNN-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur10 εἶναιobjhighSubject accusative of infinitive εἶναι.
9δὲδέPARTG_10 εἶναιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
10εἶναιεἰμίAUXV-Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act5 ἤκουσαxcomphighComplement infinitive after ἤκουσα.
11σφᾶςσφεῖςPRONPpCase=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs8 ἀδελφοὺςapposmediumLikely appositive/explanatory pronoun with ἀδελφοὺς.
12ΟἰνόηςΟἰνόηPROPNN-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἀδελφοὺςnmodhighGenitive dependent of ἀδελφοὺς.
13,,PUNCT__10 εἶναιpuncthighPunctuation.
14ἀφʼἀπόADPPp_15 ἧςcasehighPreposition governing ἧς.
15ἧςὅςPRONPrCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing18 ὄνομαnmodhighRelative pronoun governed by ἀπό.
16ἐστιεἰμίAUXV-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act18 ὄνομαcophighCopula in relative clause.
17τὸDETDfCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing18 ὄνομαdethighDefinite article.
18ὄνομαὄνομαNOUNN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἤκουσαparataxismediumNominal clause attached to the main verb; syntax is somewhat loose.
19τῷDETDfCase=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing20 δήμῳdethighDefinite article.
20δήμῳδῆμοςNOUNN-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 ὄνομαiobjhighDative of reference/interest with ἐστι.
21..PUNCT__5 ἤκουσαpuncthighPunctuation.
← 1.33.71.34.1 →