Grammar parses for passage 1.34.5
Open translation for this passage
δοκῶ δὲ Ἀμφιάραον ὀνειράτων διακρίσει μάλιστα προ ς κεῖσθαι·
The split tokens προ ς are treated as the preposition πρός, governing κεῖσθαι; δοκῶ introduces an accusative-and-infinitive construction with Ἀμφιάραον as accusative subject. The phrase ὀνειράτων διακρίσει is analyzed as a dative of means.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δοκῶ | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δοκῶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἀμφιάραον | Ἀμφιάραος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 κεῖσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | ὀνειράτων | ὄνειρος | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 διακρίσει | nmod | high | |
| 5 | διακρίσει | διάκρισις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 κεῖσθαι | obl | medium | Dative of means or manner: by discernment/discrimination of dreams. |
| 6 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV | Degree=Sup | 9 κεῖσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 7 | προ | πρός | ADP | P | _ | 8 ς | case | medium | First half of a split tokenization of πρός. |
| 8 | ς | πρός | ADP | P | _ | 9 κεῖσθαι | case | medium | Second half of a split tokenization of πρός; retained as a separate input token. |
| 9 | κεῖσθαι | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 δοκῶ | ccomp | high | Infinitive complement of δοκῶ. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δοκῶ | punct | high |
δῆλος δέ, ἡνίκα ἐνομίσθη θεός, διʼ ὀνειράτων μαντικὴν καταστησάμενος.
Elliptical clause: δῆλος is predicative, with an implied subject (Apollo); ἡνίκα introduces the temporal subordinate clause. καταστησάμενος is a circumstantial participle modifying the implied subject, with μαντικήν as its object and διʼ ὀνειράτων as an instrumental phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δῆλος | δῆλος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicative adjective in an elliptical main clause; subject is understood. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 1 δῆλος | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | U | _ | 1 δῆλος | punct | high | |
| 4 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | ADV | PronType=Rel | 5 ἐνομίσθη | mark | high | Temporal subordinator, introducing the clause ἐνομίσθη θεός. |
| 5 | ἐνομίσθη | νομίζω | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 1 δῆλος | advcl | high | Temporal aorist passive clause; subject is understood. |
| 6 | θεός | θεός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐνομίσθη | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with passive νομίζω (‘be deemed a god’). |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | U | _ | 5 ἐνομίσθη | punct | high | |
| 8 | διʼ | διά | ADP | P-G | _ | 9 ὀνειράτων | case | high | Elided form of διά; governs the genitive. |
| 9 | ὀνειράτων | ὄνειρον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 καταστησάμενος | obl | high | Instrumental/means phrase ‘through dreams’. |
| 10 | μαντικὴν | μαντικός | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καταστησάμενος | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, object of καταστησάμενος; ‘divination/oracular practice’. |
| 11 | καταστησάμενος | καθίστημι | VERB | V-AMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 δῆλος | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist middle participle, agreeing with the implied masculine subject. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | U | _ | 1 δῆλος | punct | high |
καὶ πρῶτον μὲν καθήρασθαι νομίζουσιν ὅστις ἦλθεν Ἀμφιαράῳ χρησόμενος·
The infinitive καθήρασθαι is the complement of νομίζουσιν; ὅστις introduces a relative-subordinate subject clause, with Ἀμφιαράῳ as the dative complement of χρησόμενος. The exact scope of ὅστις is somewhat idiomatic.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 5 νομίζουσιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | Adv | Degree=Pos | 4 καθήρασθαι | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative of πρώτος. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Part | _ | 5 νομίζουσιν | discourse | high | Correlative particle, anticipating a likely δέ. |
| 4 | καθήρασθαι | καθαίρω | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 5 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | |
| 5 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ὅστις | ὅστις | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 7 ἦλθεν | nsubj | medium | Indefinite relative pronoun; functions as subject of ἦλθεν. |
| 7 | ἦλθεν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 4 καθήρασθαι | csubj | medium | Finite verb in the relative-subordinate content clause; clause subject relation to the infinitive is syntactically idiomatic. |
| 8 | Ἀμφιαράῳ | Ἀμφιάραος | PROPN | NDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 9 χρησόμενος | iobj | high | Dative complement of χρησόμενος, 'to consult Amphiaraus'. |
| 9 | χρησόμενος | χράομαι | VERB | V-FMNMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Future|Voice=Middle | 7 ἦλθεν | advcl | high | Future middle participle, agreeing with the understood masculine subject of ἦλθεν. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 νομίζουσιν | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καθάρσιον τῷ θεῷ θύειν, θύουσι δὲ καὶ αὐτῷ καὶ πᾶσιν ὅσοις ἐστὶν ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ τὰ ὀνόματα·
The sentence contains two coordinated clauses; θύειν is an infinitival subject/predicate construction, while the relative clause modifies the substantivized πᾶσιν via its dative relative pronoun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καθάρσιον | καθάρσιος | ADJ | A-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | attr | medium | Predicate adjective with neuter impersonal εἰμί. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θεῷ | det | high | |
| 5 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 θύειν | obl | high | Dative with θύειν, recipient/addressee of sacrifice. |
| 6 | θύειν | θύω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 καθάρσιον | csubj | high | Articular-less infinitive functioning as the understood subject of καθάρσιον ἔστι. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 θύειν | punct | high | |
| 8 | θύουσι | θύω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated clause; elliptical object(s) and understood sacrificial context. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 θύουσι | cc | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 αὐτῷ | cc | high | Coordinates the dative complements αὐτῷ and πᾶσιν. |
| 11 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 θύουσι | iobj | high | Dative recipient of θύουσι. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 πᾶσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second dative complement. |
| 13 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 θύουσι | iobj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘all’. |
| 14 | ὅσοις | ὅσος | PRON | R-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 15 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Relative pronoun governed by ἐπί with dative. |
| 15 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 ὅσοις | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate; subject is τὰ ὀνόματα. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 βωμῷ | case | high | |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 βωμῷ | det | high | |
| 18 | βωμῷ | βωμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐστὶν | obl | high | ἐπί with dative, ‘on the altar’. |
| 19 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ὀνόματα | det | high | |
| 20 | ὀνόματα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστίν. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 θύουσι | punct | high |
προεξειργασμένων δὲ τούτων κριὸν θύσαντες καὶ τὸ δέρμα ὑποστρωσάμενοι καθεύδουσιν ἀναμένοντες δήλωσιν ὀνείρατος.
Genitive absolute προεξειργασμένων τούτων sets the prior condition; κριὸν θύσαντες and τὸ δέρμα ὑποστρωσάμενοι are coordinated circumstantial participial clauses modifying the understood subject of καθεύδουσιν, with ἀναμένοντες as a further accompanying participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προεξειργασμένων | προεξεργάζομαι | VERB | V-PMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 3 τούτων | acl | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 προεξειργασμένων | cc | high | |
| 3 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | RD-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 1 προεξειργασμένων | obl | high | |
| 4 | κριὸν | κριός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θύσαντες | obj | high | |
| 5 | θύσαντες | θύω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 καθεύδουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 9 ὑποστρωσάμενοι | cc | high | |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 δέρμα | det | high | |
| 8 | δέρμα | δέρμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ὑποστρωσάμενοι | obj | high | |
| 9 | ὑποστρωσάμενοι | ὑποστρώννυμι | VERB | V-PAM-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 10 καθεύδουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 10 | καθεύδουσιν | καθεύδω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἀναμένοντες | ἀναμένω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 καθεύδουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 12 | δήλωσιν | δήλωσις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀναμένοντες | obj | high | |
| 13 | ὀνείρατος | ὄνειρα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 δήλωσιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δήλωσιν; the noun is often treated as a poetic/variant form related to ὄνειρος. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 καθεύδουσιν | punct | high |