Grammar parses for passage 1.36.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐν Σαλαμῖνι δὲ---ἐπάνειμι γὰρ ἐς τὸν προκείμενον λόγον---τοῦτο μὲν Ἀρτέμιδός ἐστιν ἱερόν, τοῦτο δὲ τρόπαιον ἕστηκεν ἀπὸ τῆς νίκης ἣν Θεμιστοκλῆς ὁ Νεοκλέους αἴτιος ἐγένετο γενέσθαι τοῖς Ἕλλησι·
The sentence has an inserted parenthetical return to the preceding account (tokens 7–15), followed by a μέν/δέ contrast; the relative clause modifies νίκης and contains the idiomatic infinitival construction ἐγένετο γενέσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 Σαλαμῖνι | case | high | |
| 2 | Σαλαμῖνι | Σαλαμίς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπάνειμι | obl | high | |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | cc | high | |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | punct | high | |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | punct | high | |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἐπάνειμι | ἐπάνειμι | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PART | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 λόγον | case | high | |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 προκείμενον | det | high | |
| 11 | προκείμενον | πρόκειμαι | VERB | V-PPM-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 12 λόγον | amod | high | Perfective lexical adjective-like participle meaning 'preceding'. |
| 12 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπάνειμι | obl | high | |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | punct | high | |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | punct | high | |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | punct | high | |
| 16 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | D-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἱερόν | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 16 τοῦτο | discourse | high | |
| 18 | Ἀρτέμιδός | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἱερόν | nmod | high | |
| 19 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 20 ἱερόν | cop | high | |
| 20 | ἱερόν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἕστηκεν | conj | high | Predicate nominal of ἐστιν; coordinated with the following clause. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἱερόν | punct | high | |
| 22 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | D-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἕστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 ἕστηκεν | cc | high | |
| 24 | τρόπαιον | τρόπαιον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἕστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 25 | ἕστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 7 ἐπάνειμι | conj | high | Perfect with stative/intransitive sense, 'stands'. |
| 26 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 νίκης | case | high | |
| 27 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 νίκης | det | high | |
| 28 | νίκης | νίκη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἕστηκεν | obl | high | |
| 29 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | R-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἐγένετο | obj | high | Relative pronoun; antecedent is νίκης. |
| 30 | Θεμιστοκλῆς | Θεμιστοκλῆς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 31 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 Νεοκλέους | det | high | Article in the patronymic/name phrase. |
| 32 | Νεοκλέους | Νεοκλῆς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Θεμιστοκλῆς | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, 'son of Neocles'. |
| 33 | αἴτιος | αἴτιος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ἐγένετο | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with γενέσθαι. |
| 34 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 35 γενέσθαι | ccomp | high | Finite verb governing complementary infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 35 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 25 ἕστηκεν | acl:relcl | medium | Infinitival complement within the relative clause; ἐγένετο γενέσθαι means 'came to be the cause of occurring'. |
| 36 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 Ἕλλησι | det | high | |
| 37 | Ἕλλησι | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Dative of those for whom the victory occurred. |
| 38 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπάνειμι | punct | high |
καὶ Κυχρέως ἐστὶν ἱερόν.
Existential/copular clause: ἱερόν is the nominative predicate, with Κυχρέως as genitive dependent on it (the sanctuary of Kychreus).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 2 | Κυχρέως | Κυχρεύς | PROPN | N----MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Proper name in the genitive. |
| 3 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 4 ἱερόν | cop | high | |
| 4 | ἱερόν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-----N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Substantivized neuter adjective/noun, ‘sanctuary’; nominative predicate of εἰμί. |
| 5 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἱερόν | punct | high |
ναυμαχούντων δὲ Ἀθηναίων πρὸς Μήδους δράκοντα ἐν ταῖς ναυσὶ λέγεται φανῆναι·
Genitive absolute ναυμαχούντων ... Ἀθηναίων sets the circumstance; λέγεται takes the accusative-and-infinitive construction δράκοντα ... φανῆναι, with δράκοντα as the infinitive's accusative subject. The clitic δέ is attached to the genitive-absolute clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ναυμαχούντων | ναυμαχέω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 λέγεται | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ναυμαχούντων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-P---GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ναυμαχούντων | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the absolute participle. |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Μήδους | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 5 | Μήδους | Μῆδος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ναυμαχούντων | obl | high | Opponent with πρὸς in the genitive-absolute clause. |
| 6 | δράκοντα | δράκων | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 φανῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 ναυσὶ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 8 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ναυσὶ | det | high | Article modifying ναυσί. |
| 9 | ναυσὶ | ναῦς | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 φανῆναι | obl | high | Locative circumstance with ἐν. |
| 10 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PIE-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal passive reporting verb. |
| 11 | φανῆναι | φαίνω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 10 λέγεται | ccomp | high | Aorist passive infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 λέγεται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τοῦτον ὁ θεὸς ἔχρησεν Ἀθηναίοις Κυχρέα εἶναι τὸν ἥρωα.
ἔχρησεν is used in the construction χράω τινί τινα εἶναι: τοῦτον is the accusative subject of the infinitive, with Κυχρέα as its predicate accusative; Ἀθηναίοις is the dative recipient/experiencer. The exact semantic force of the aorist active is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | PD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 ἔχρησεν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔχρησεν and accusative subject of the following infinitive. |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 3 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔχρησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἔχρησεν | χράω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Construction takes a dative and an accusative-plus-infinitive complement. |
| 5 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἔχρησεν | iobj | high | Dative recipient/addressee. |
| 6 | Κυχρέα | Κυχρεύς | PROPN | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative agreeing with the accusative subject τοῦτον under εἶναι. |
| 7 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἔχρησεν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἔχρησεν. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἥρωα | det | high | |
| 9 | ἥρωα | ἥρως | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Κυχρέα | appos | high | Appositional identification of Κυχρέα: ‘Cychreus, the hero’. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔχρησεν | punct | high |