Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.38.2

← 1.38.11.38.3 →

Passage 1.38.2

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
90Greek tokens
3,163input tokens
6,960output tokens
Sentence 2

1.38.2 sentence 2

Tokens
23
Input
781
Output
1,720
Total
2,501

τοῦτον Ἀθηναῖοι τὸν Κρόκωνα Κελεοῦ θυγατρί συνοικῆσαι Σαισάρᾳ λέγουσι· λέγουσι δὲ οὐ πάντες, ἀλλʼ ὅσοι τοῦ δήμου τοῦ Σκαμβωνιδῶν εἰσιν·

The second λέγουσι is taken as a new main clause with a contrastive subject ὅσοι; alternatively, it may be coordinated more tightly with the first clause.

punct nsubj obj nsubj cc cop punct nsubj nsubj ccomp nmod nmod det nmod obl obl punct discourse advmod det det root root 1 τοῦτον οὗτος / PRON 2 Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀθηναῖος / PROPN 3 τὸν ὁ / DET 4 Κρόκωνα Κρόκων / PROPN 5 Κελεοῦ Κελεός / PROPN 6 θυγατρί θυγάτηρ / NOUN 7 συνοικῆσαι συνοικέω / VERB 8 Σαισάρᾳ Σαισάρα / PROPN 9 λέγουσι λέγω / VERB 10 · · / PUNCT 11 λέγουσι λέγω / VERB 12 δὲ δέ / PART 13 οὐ οὐ / PART 14 πάντες πᾶς / ADJ 15 , , / PUNCT 16 ἀλλʼ ἀλλά / CCONJ 17 ὅσοι ὅσος / PRON 18 τοῦ ὁ / DET 19 δήμου δῆμος / NOUN 20 τοῦ ὁ / DET 21 Σκαμβωνιδῶν Σκαμβωνίδης / PROPN 22 εἰσιν εἰμί / AUX 23 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τοῦτονοὗτοςPRONPd---AM-S---Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem7 συνοικῆσαιobjhighObject of infinitive.
2ἈθηναῖοιἈθηναῖοςPROPNNEPM-PN---Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 λέγουσιnsubjhighSubject of λέγουσι.
3τὸνDETl-s---ma---Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art4 ΚρόκωναdethighArticle with Κρόκωνα.
4ΚρόκωναΚρόκωνPROPNNEPMAS---Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 συνοικῆσαιnsubjhighAccusative subject of infinitive.
5ΚελεοῦΚελεόςPROPNNEPM-GS---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ΚρόκωναnmodhighPossessive/genitive modifier of Κρόκωνα.
6θυγατρίθυγάτηρNOUNn-s---fd---Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 συνοικῆσαιoblhighDative complement with συνοικῆσαι.
7συνοικῆσαισυνοικέωVERBv--ana---Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act9 λέγουσιccomphighInfinitival complement of λέγουσι.
8ΣαισάρᾳΣαισάραPROPNNEPFDS---Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 συνοικῆσαιoblhighDative complement with συνοικῆσαι.
9λέγουσιλέγωVERBv3ppia---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb of first clause.
10··PUNCT__9 λέγουσιpuncthighSentence punctuation.
11λέγουσιλέγωVERBv3ppia---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTrootmediumSecond asyndetic main verb; could be coordinated with the first.
12δὲδέPARTg--------_11 λέγουσιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
13οὐοὐPARTd--------_14 πάντεςadvmodhighNegates πάντες.
14πάντεςπᾶςADJa-p---mn-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur11 λέγουσιnsubjhighSubject of λέγουσι.
15,,PUNCT__11 λέγουσιpuncthighPunctuation.
16ἀλλʼἀλλάCCONJc--------_11 λέγουσιcchighAdversative conjunction.
17ὅσοιὅσοςPRONPd-p---mn-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel11 λέγουσιnsubjhighCorrelative/relative subject of λέγουσι.
18τοῦDETl-s---mg---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art19 δήμουdethighArticle with δήμου.
19δήμουδῆμοςNOUNn-s---mg---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 ὅσοιnmodhighGenitive complement of ὅσοι.
20τοῦDETl-s---mg---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art21 ΣκαμβωνιδῶνdethighArticle with Σκαμβωνιδῶν.
21ΣκαμβωνιδῶνΣκαμβωνίδηςPROPNNEPMGP---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur19 δήμουnmodmediumGenitive modifier of δήμου; proper-name plural form somewhat uncertain.
22εἰσινεἰμίAUXv3ppia---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act17 ὅσοιcophighCopula in relative clause.
23··PUNCT__11 λέγουσιpuncthighSentence punctuation.
Sentence 3

1.38.2 sentence 3

Tokens
22
Input
793
Output
1,709
Total
2,502

ἐγὼ δὲ Κρόκωνος μὲν ἀνευρεῖν τάφον οὐχ οἷός τε ἐγενόμην, τὸ δὲ Εὐμόλπου μνῆμα κατὰ ταὐτὰ Ἐλευσινίοις ἀπέφαινον καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι.

The syntax is somewhat irregular: the first clause uses the idiom οἷός τε ἐγενόμην with infinitival complement, and the second clause appears to contain an agreement/number mismatch in ἀπέφαινον versus the plural Ἐλευσινίοις καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι.

punct nsubj conj discourse obj discourse xcomp obj nmod xcomp obl nsubj discourse obj advmod discourse punct nmod case obl cc root 1 ἐγὼ ἐγώ / PRON 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 Κρόκωνος Κρόκων / PROPN 4 μὲν μέν / PART 5 ἀνευρεῖν ἀνευρίσκω / VERB 6 τάφον τάφος / NOUN 7 οὐχ οὐ / PART 8 οἷός οἷος / ADJ 9 τε τε / PART 10 ἐγενόμην γίγνομαι / VERB 11 , , / PUNCT 12 τὸ ὁ / DET 13 δὲ δέ / PART 14 Εὐμόλπου Εὔμολπος / PROPN 15 μνῆμα μνῆμα / NOUN 16 κατὰ κατά / ADP 17 ταὐτὰ αὐτός / PRON 18 Ἐλευσινίοις Ἐλευσίνιος / ADJ 19 ἀπέφαινον ἀποφαίνω / VERB 20 καὶ καί / CCONJ 21 Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀθηναῖος / PROPN 22 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐγὼἐγώPRONPp1n-s---Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs10 ἐγενόμηνnsubjhighSubject of ἐγενόμην.
2δὲδέPARTG--------_10 ἐγενόμηνdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
3ΚρόκωνοςΚρόκωνPROPNN--------Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 τάφονnmodhighDependent genitive with τάφον.
4μὲνμένPARTG--------_3 ΚρόκωνοςdiscoursemediumCorrelative particle.
5ἀνευρεῖνἀνευρίσκωVERBV--ANP---Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act10 ἐγενόμηνxcomphighComplement of οἷός τε ἐγενόμην.
6τάφοντάφοςNOUNN-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ἀνευρεῖνobjhighObject of ἀνευρεῖν.
7οὐχοὐPARTD--------Polarity=Neg8 οἷόςadvmodhighNegates οἷός.
8οἷόςοἷοςADJA--NSM---Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ἐγενόμηνxcompmediumPredicate adjective in the idiom οἷός τε ἐγενόμην.
9τετεPARTG--------_8 οἷόςdiscoursehighEnclitic particle in the idiom.
10ἐγενόμηνγίγνομαιVERBV-2AMI1S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighMain predicate of first clause.
11,,PUNCT__10 ἐγενόμηνpuncthighPunctuation.
12τὸDETRd-NSN---Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art19 ἀπέφαινονobjmediumArticle with μνῆμα; case likely nominative as subject/predicative clause element.
13δὲδέPARTG--------_19 ἀπέφαινονdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
14ΕὐμόλπουΕὔμολποςPROPNN--------Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 μνῆμαnmodhighDependent genitive with μνῆμα.
15μνῆμαμνῆμαNOUNN-S---NN-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing19 ἀπέφαινονobjmediumLikely accusative/subject-like object in the omitted/elliptical construction; normalized as clause object with copied article.
16κατὰκατάADPR--------_17 ταὐτὰcasehighPreposition governing ταὐτὰ.
17ταὐτὰαὐτόςPRONPd-APN---Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem19 ἀπέφαινονoblhighAdverbial phrase with κατὰ.
18ἘλευσινίοιςἘλευσίνιοςADJA-P---MD-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur19 ἀπέφαινονoblhighDative of reference/association.
19ἀπέφαινονἀποφαίνωVERBV-3IAI1S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act10 ἐγενόμηνconjlowText has ἀπέφαινον, but morphology suggests 3sg imperfect; likely editorial or scribal mismatch. Parsed as coordinated predicate with ἐγενόμην.
20καὶκαίCCONJC--------_21 ἈθηναῖοιcchighCoordinator.
21ἈθηναῖοιἈθηναῖοςPROPNA-P---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur19 ἀπέφαινονnsubjhighSecond subject coordinated with Ἐλευσινίοις only loosely; likely intended as subject of ἀπέφαινον.
22..PUNCT__10 ἐγενόμηνpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 4

1.38.2 sentence 4

Tokens
25
Input
824
Output
2,027
Total
2,851

τοῦτον τὸν Εὔμολπον ἀφικέσθαι λέγουσιν ἐκ Θρᾴκης Ποσειδῶνος παῖδα ὄντα καὶ Χιόνης· τὴν δὲ Χιόνην Βορέου θυγατέρα τοῦ ἀνέμου καὶ Ὠρειθυίας φασὶν εἶναι.

Two coordinated indirect-speech clauses: λέγουσιν + ἀφικέσθαι with an accusative subject, then φασὶν + εἶναι; each clause contains an accusative-and-infinitive construction with genitive descriptors of parentage.

conj punct discourse nsubj advcl xcomp obj obl nsubj det appos conj punct det nsubj ccomp case nmod xcomp cc nmod det cc ccomp root 1 τοῦτον οὗτος / PRON 2 τὸν ὁ / DET 3 Εὔμολπον Εὔμολπος / PROPN 4 ἀφικέσθαι ἀφικνέομαι / VERB 5 λέγουσιν λέγω / VERB 6 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 7 Θρᾴκης Θρᾴκη / PROPN 8 Ποσειδῶνος Ποσειδῶν / PROPN 9 παῖδα παῖς / NOUN 10 ὄντα εἰμί / VERB 11 καὶ καί / CCONJ 12 Χιόνης Χιόνη / PROPN 13 · · / PUNCT 14 τὴν ὁ / DET 15 δὲ δέ / PART 16 Χιόνην Χιόνη / PROPN 17 Βορέου Βορέας / PROPN 18 θυγατέρα θυγάτηρ / NOUN 19 τοῦ ὁ / DET 20 ἀνέμου ἄνεμος / NOUN 21 καὶ καί / CCONJ 22 Ὠρειθυίας Ὠρείθυια / PROPN 23 φασὶν φημί / VERB 24 εἶναι εἰμί / VERB 25 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τοῦτονοὗτοςPRONPd-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem4 ἀφικέσθαιobjhighDemonstrative modifying Εὔμολπον; attracted to accusative of the infinitive.
2τὸνDETT-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 ΕὔμολπονdethighArticle with Εὔμολπον.
3ΕὔμολπονΕὔμολποςPROPNNe-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ἀφικέσθαιnsubjhighSubject of the infinitive ἀφικέσθαι in accusative-and-infinitive construction.
4ἀφικέσθαιἀφικνέομαιVERBV--ANMAspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid5 λέγουσινccomphighComplement infinitive dependent on λέγουσιν.
5λέγουσινλέγωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain reporting verb for the first clause.
6ἐκἐκADPR_7 ΘρᾴκηςcasehighPreposition governing Θρᾴκης.
7ΘρᾴκηςΘρᾴκηPROPNNe-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 ἀφικέσθαιoblhighGenitive complement of the verbal complex, indicating source/origin.
8ΠοσειδῶνοςΠοσειδῶνPROPNNe-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 παῖδαnmodhighGenitive dependent on παῖδα, expressing parentage.
9παῖδαπαῖςNOUNN---ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ὄνταxcompmediumPredicative complement in accusative with ὄντα; can be analyzed as object/predicate of the participial assertion.
10ὄνταεἰμίVERBV-PAP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act4 ἀφικέσθαιadvclhighParticipial clause modifying the infinitive clause, with coordinated genitive subject Χιόνης.
11καὶκαίCCONJC_12 ΧιόνηςcchighCoordinates Χιόνης with Ποσειδῶνος in the participial phrase.
12ΧιόνηςΧιόνηPROPNNe-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 ὄνταnsubjhighGenitive subject of ὄντα.
13··PUNCT__5 λέγουσινpuncthighSentence punctuation.
14τὴνDETT-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art16 ΧιόνηνdethighArticle with Χιόνην.
15δὲδέPARTG_23 φασὶνdiscoursehighMild connective marking transition to the second reported statement.
16ΧιόνηνΧιόνηPROPNNe-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing24 εἶναιnsubjhighSubject of infinitive εἶναι in accusative-and-infinitive construction.
17ΒορέουΒορέαςPROPNNe-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 θυγατέραnmodhighGenitive dependent on θυγατέρα, indicating parentage.
18θυγατέραθυγάτηρNOUNN---ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing24 εἶναιxcompmediumPredicative complement with εἶναι; accusative in reported speech.
19τοῦDETT-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art20 ἀνέμουdethighArticle with ἀνέμου.
20ἀνέμουἄνεμοςNOUNN---GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 θυγατέραapposmediumApposition to Βορέου, glossing Boreas as 'the wind'.
21καὶκαίCCONJC_22 ὨρειθυίαςcchighCoordinates Ὠρειθυίας with ἀνέμου phrase.
22ὨρειθυίαςὨρείθυιαPROPNNe-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 ἀνέμουconjhighCoordinated with ἀνέμου under the appositional/genitive phrase after θυγατέρα.
23φασὶνφημίVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act5 λέγουσινconjhighSecond reporting verb coordinated with λέγουσιν.
24εἶναιεἰμίVERBV--ANMMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act23 φασὶνccomphighComplement infinitive dependent on φασὶν.
25..PUNCT__23 φασὶνpuncthighSentence punctuation.
Sentence 5

1.38.2 sentence 5

Tokens
20
Input
765
Output
1,504
Total
2,269

Ὁμήρῳ δὲ ἐς μὲν τὸ γένος ἐστὶν οὐδὲν αὐτοῦ πεποιημένον, ἐπονομάζει δὲ ἀγήνορα ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσι τὸν Εὔμολπον.

Two finite verbs form two clauses; the first has an apparent existential/predicative construction with a participle, and the second clause has direct object Εὔμολπον plus locative phrase ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσι.

punct obj obl discourse amod obl punct discourse xcomp case obj case det obl nmod discourse det det root root 1 Ὁμήρῳ Ὅμηρος / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ἐς εἰς / ADP 4 μὲν μέν / PART 5 τὸ ὁ / DET 6 γένος γένος / NOUN 7 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 8 οὐδὲν οὐδείς / PRON 9 αὐτοῦ αὐτός / PRON 10 πεποιημένον ποιέω / VERB 11 , , / PUNCT 12 ἐπονομάζει ἐπονομάζω / VERB 13 δὲ δέ / PART 14 ἀγήνορα ἀγήνωρ / ADJ 15 ἐν ἐν / ADP 16 τοῖς ὁ / DET 17 ἔπεσι ἔπος / NOUN 18 τὸν ὁ / DET 19 Εὔμολπον Εὔμολπος / PROPN 20 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὉμήρῳὍμηροςPROPNN-S---DM-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐστὶνoblhighDative of reference/agent-like dative with ἐστίν.
2δὲδέPARTG---------_7 ἐστὶνdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
3ἐςεἰςADPR--------_5 τὸcasehighIntroduces prepositional phrase.
4μὲνμένPARTG---------_7 ἐστὶνdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
5τὸDETl-S---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art6 γένοςdethighArticle modifying γένος.
6γένοςγένοςNOUNN-S---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ἐστὶνoblhighObject of preposition ἐς.
7ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV3SPAI---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb of first clause.
8οὐδὲνοὐδείςPRONA-S---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg10 πεποιημένονobjmediumCould be adverbial 'nothing'; analysis as object of πεποιημένον is most likely.
9αὐτοῦαὐτόςPRONP-S---G--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs10 πεποιημένονnmodhighGenitive dependent of participle.
10πεποιημένονποιέωVERBV-SRPPN--Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass7 ἐστὶνxcomphighPredicate complement with ἐστὶν.
11,,PUNCT__7 ἐστὶνpuncthighComma.
12ἐπονομάζειἐπονομάζωVERBV3SPAI---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighSecond main verb, coordinated/after comma.
13δὲδέPARTG---------_12 ἐπονομάζειdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
14ἀγήνοραἀγήνωρADJA-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ΕὔμολπονamodhighAttributive adjective modifying Εὔμολπον.
15ἐνἐνADPR--------_17 ἔπεσιcasehighIntroduces locative phrase.
16τοῖςDETl-P---DM-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art17 ἔπεσιdethighArticle with ἔπεσι.
17ἔπεσιἔποςNOUNN-P---DM-Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur12 ἐπονομάζειoblhighLocative oblique phrase with ἐν.
18τὸνDETl-S---AM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art19 ΕὔμολπονdethighArticle with proper name.
19ΕὔμολπονΕὔμολποςPROPNN-S---AM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ἐπονομάζειobjhighDirect object of ἐπονομάζει.
20..PUNCT__12 ἐπονομάζειpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
← 1.38.11.38.3 →