Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.38.7

← 1.38.61.38.8 →

Passage 1.38.7

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
81Greek tokens
2,463input tokens
5,960output tokens
Sentence 1

1.38.7 sentence 1

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τὰ δὲ ἐντὸς τοῦ τείχους τοῦ ἱεροῦ τό τε ὄνειρον ἀπεῖπε γράφειν, καὶ τοῖς οὐ τελεσθεῖσιν, ὁπόσων θέας εἴργονται, δῆλα δήπου μηδὲ πυθέσθαι μετεῖναί σφισιν.

The main construction is ἀπεῖπε γράφειν ... καὶ ... μετεῖναί σφισιν πυθέσθαι: the sanctuary's interior forbade writing the dream and made it clear that the uninitiated could not even learn about the spectacles from which they were excluded.

punct xcomp cc nsubj iobj cc punct nmod acl xcomp case nmod det punct det det det cc obj xcomp advmod punct nmod obl advmod cc xcomp iobj root 1 τὰ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἐντὸς ἐντός / ADV 4 τοῦ ὁ / DET 5 τείχους τεῖχος / NOUN 6 τοῦ ὁ / DET 7 ἱεροῦ ἱερόν / NOUN 8 τό ὁ / DET 9 τε τε / CCONJ 10 ὄνειρον ὄνειρος / NOUN 11 ἀπεῖπε ἀπαγορεύω / VERB 12 γράφειν γράφω / VERB 13 , , / PUNCT 14 καὶ καί / CCONJ 15 τοῖς ὁ / DET 16 οὐ οὐ / PART 17 τελεσθεῖσιν τελέω / VERB 18 , , / PUNCT 19 ὁπόσων ὁπόσος / PRON 20 θέας θέα / NOUN 21 εἴργονται εἴργω / VERB 22 , , / PUNCT 23 δῆλα δῆλος / ADJ 24 δήπου δήπου / ADV 25 μηδὲ μηδέ / CCONJ 26 πυθέσθαι πυνθάνομαι / VERB 27 μετεῖναί μέτειμι / VERB 28 σφισιν σφεῖς / PRON 29 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὰDETT--NPN--Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur11 ἀπεῖπεnsubjmediumSubstantivized neuter plural article, subject of ἀπεῖπε.
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_11 ἀπεῖπεcchigh
3ἐντὸςἐντόςADVD--------_5 τείχουςcasemediumAdverb used as a preposition with genitive.
4τοῦDETT--GSM--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 τείχουςdethigh
5τείχουςτεῖχοςNOUNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing1 τὰnmodhighGenitive complement of ἐντός.
6τοῦDETT--GSM--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἱεροῦdethigh
7ἱεροῦἱερόνNOUNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 τείχουςnmodmediumProbably genitive dependent on τείχους: the sanctuary's wall.
8τόDETT--ASN--Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing10 ὄνειρονdethigh
9τετεCCONJC--------_10 ὄνειρονcchigh
10ὄνειρονὄνειροςNOUNN----ASN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing11 ἀπεῖπεobjhigh
11ἀπεῖπεἀπαγορεύωVERBV3SAAI---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb: forbade/rejected writing and learning.
12γράφεινγράφωVERBV--PAN---Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act11 ἀπεῖπεxcomphighInfinitival complement of ἀπεῖπε.
13,,PUNCT__11 ἀπεῖπεpuncthigh
14καὶκαίCCONJC--------_27 μετεῖναίccmediumCoordinates the second infinitival clause with γράφειν.
15τοῖςDETT--DPM--Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur17 τελεσθεῖσινdethigh
16οὐοὐPARTD--------Polarity=Neg17 τελεσθεῖσινadvmodhigh
17τελεσθεῖσιντελέωVERBV--APPDM-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass27 μετεῖναίiobjmediumSubstantivized dative participle, those not initiated; dative depends on μετεῖναί.
18,,PUNCT__17 τελεσθεῖσινpuncthigh
19ὁπόσωνὁπόσοςPRONP--GPM--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur20 θέαςnmodmediumPartitive/relational genitive: however many spectacles they are excluded from.
20θέαςθέαNOUNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing21 εἴργονταιoblmediumGenitive governed by εἴργονται, with θέας meaning spectacles/viewings.
21εἴργονταιεἴργωVERBV3PPI---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass17 τελεσθεῖσινaclmediumRelative-like clause modifying τοῖς τελεσθεῖσιν; subject is understood those not initiated.
22,,PUNCT__17 τελεσθεῖσινpuncthigh
23δῆλαδῆλοςADJA--NPN--Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur27 μετεῖναίxcompmediumPredicative neuter plural adjective, with omitted/copular relation to the infinitival proposition.
24δήπουδήπουADVD--------_23 δῆλαadvmodhigh
25μηδὲμηδέCCONJC--------Polarity=Neg26 πυθέσθαιcchighNegative coordination of infinitives.
26πυθέσθαιπυνθάνομαιVERBV--AMN---Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid27 μετεῖναίxcomphighSecond infinitive, coordinated with γράφειν.
27μετεῖναίμέτειμιVERBV--PAN---Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act11 ἀπεῖπεxcompmediumInfinitive of participation/permission; likely governed by ἀπεῖπε, with δῆλα as predicate.
28σφισινσφεῖςPRONP---DP---Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=327 μετεῖναίiobjhighDative of persons with μετεῖναί.
29..PUNCT__11 ἀπεῖπεpuncthigh
Sentence 2

1.38.7 sentence 2

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Ἐλευσῖνα δὲ ἥρωα, ἀφʼ οὗ τὴν πόλιν ὀνομάζουσιν, οἱ μὲν Ἑρμοῦ παῖδα εἶναι καὶ Δαείρας Ὠκεανοῦ θυγατρὸς λέγουσι, τοῖς δέ ἐστι πεποιημένα Ὤγυγον εἶναι πατέρα Ἐλευσῖνι·

The sentence contrasts two reports: οἱ μέν λέγουσι [Ἐλευσῖνα ἥρωα] ... εἶναι, while τοῖς δέ ἐστι πεποιημένα ...; the second predicate πεποιημένα is morphologically and syntactically difficult in the transmitted wording.

cc obj acl:relcl punct punct nsubj xcomp nmod conj obl obj nmod iobj ccomp punct case det obj discourse nmod xcomp cc nmod punct cc xcomp nsubj xcomp iobj root 1 Ἐλευσῖνα Ἐλευσίς / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἥρωα ἥρως / NOUN 4 , , / PUNCT 5 ἀφʼ ἀπό / ADP 6 οὗ ὅς / PRON 7 τὴν ὁ / DET 8 πόλιν πόλις / NOUN 9 ὀνομάζουσιν ὀνομάζω / VERB 10 , , / PUNCT 11 οἱ ὁ / DET 12 μὲν μέν / PART 13 Ἑρμοῦ Ἑρμῆς / PROPN 14 παῖδα παῖς / NOUN 15 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 16 καὶ καί / CCONJ 17 Δαείρας Δαείρα / PROPN 18 Ὠκεανοῦ Ὠκεανός / PROPN 19 θυγατρὸς θυγάτηρ / NOUN 20 λέγουσι λέγω / VERB 21 , , / PUNCT 22 τοῖς ὁ / DET 23 δέ δέ / CCONJ 24 ἐστι εἰμί / AUX 25 πεποιημένα ποιέω / VERB 26 Ὤγυγον Ὤγυγος / PROPN 27 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 28 πατέρα πατήρ / NOUN 29 Ἐλευσῖνι Ἐλευσίς / PROPN 30 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἘλευσῖναἘλευσίςPROPNNeut/Acc/SgCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing3 ἥρωαobjmediumAccusative proper name, fronted object of λέγουσι/ἐστι πεποιημένα; form is also compatible with a place-name.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_20 λέγουσιcchigh
3ἥρωαἥρωςNOUNMasc/Acc/SgCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 λέγουσιobjmediumPredicative/object accusative in the topic construction Ἐλευσῖνα ... ἥρωα.
4,,PUNCT__3 ἥρωαpuncthigh
5ἀφʼἀπόADPPREP_6 οὗcasehighElided form of ἀπό.
6οὗὅςPRONGen/Masc/Neut/SgCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ὀνομάζουσινoblmediumRelative pronoun governed by ἀπό; antecedent is ἥρως.
7τὴνDETFem/Acc/SgCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 πόλινdethigh
8πόλινπόλιςNOUNFem/Acc/SgCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 ὀνομάζουσινobjhigh
9ὀνομάζουσινὀνομάζωVERBPres/Act/Ind/3PlMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act20 λέγουσιacl:relclhighRelative-clause predicate.
10,,PUNCT__20 λέγουσιpuncthigh
11οἱDETMasc/Nom/PlCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur20 λέγουσιnsubjmediumSubstantivized article, ‘some’; paired with οἱ ... τοῖς δέ.
12μὲνμένPARTPART_11 οἱdiscoursehigh
13ἙρμοῦἙρμῆςPROPNMasc/Gen/SgCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 παῖδαnmodhigh
14παῖδαπαῖςNOUNMasc/Acc/SgCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 εἶναιxcomphighPredicate accusative with εἶναι.
15εἶναιεἰμίAUXPres/Act/InfMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act20 λέγουσιxcomphighInfinitive in reported speech.
16καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_17 Δαείραςcchigh
17ΔαείραςΔαείραPROPNFem/Gen/SgCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing19 θυγατρὸςnmodhigh
18ὨκεανοῦὨκεανόςPROPNMasc/Gen/SgCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 θυγατρὸςnmodhigh
19θυγατρὸςθυγάτηρNOUNFem/Gen/SgCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 παῖδαnmodhighGenitive apposition/specification: daughter of Oceanus, Daera.
20λέγουσιλέγωVERBPres/Act/Ind/3PlMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
21,,PUNCT__20 λέγουσιpuncthigh
22τοῖςDETMasc/Dat/PlCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur24 ἐστιiobjmediumSubstantivized dative article, ‘for others’; paired with οἱ μὲν.
23δέδέCCONJCONJ_22 τοῖςcchigh
24ἐστιεἰμίAUXPres/Act/Ind/3SgMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act20 λέγουσιconjmediumImpersonal/copular frame with πεποιημένα; coordinated alternative report.
25πεποιημέναποιέωVERBPerf/MidPass/Part/Nom/Acc/Neut/PlCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass24 ἐστιxcomplowTextual form is difficult: perfect middle/passive participle plural neuter, likely impersonal ‘it is related/held’; exact construction uncertain.
26ὬγυγονὬγυγοςPROPNMasc/Acc/SgCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing27 εἶναιnsubjhighAccusative-and-infinitive subject.
27εἶναιεἰμίAUXPres/Act/InfMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act25 πεποιημέναccompmediumInfinitive complement within the second report.
28πατέραπατήρNOUNMasc/Acc/SgCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing27 εἶναιxcomphighPredicate accusative with εἶναι.
29ἘλευσῖνιἘλευσίςPROPNMasc/Dat/SgCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing28 πατέραiobjmediumDative of the person whose father Ogygus is said to be; proper-name gender/form is textually variable.
30··PUNCT__20 λέγουσιpuncthigh
Sentence 3

1.38.7 sentence 3

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22
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οἱ γὰρ ἀρχαῖοι τῶν λόγων ἅτε οὐ προσόντων σφίσιν ἐπῶν ἄλλα τε πλάσασθαι δεδώκασι καὶ μάλιστα ἐς τὰ γένη τῶν ἡρώων.

The genitive absolute προσόντων σφίσιν ἐπῶν explains the circumstances; πλάσασθαι is an infinitival complement of δεδώκασι, with ἄλλα as its object and the εἰς phrase specifying the chief subject matter.

discourse nsubj punct advcl obl cc nmod advmod det mark nmod obj case nmod det advmod obl cc xcomp det det root 1 οἱ ὁ / DET 2 γὰρ γάρ / PART 3 ἀρχαῖοι ἀρχαῖος / ADJ 4 τῶν ὁ / DET 5 λόγων λόγος / NOUN 6 ἅτε ἅτε / SCONJ 7 οὐ οὐ / PART 8 προσόντων πάρειμι / VERB 9 σφίσιν σφεῖς / PRON 10 ἐπῶν ἔπος / NOUN 11 ἄλλα ἄλλος / PRON 12 τε τε / CCONJ 13 πλάσασθαι πλάσσω / VERB 14 δεδώκασι δίδωμι / VERB 15 καὶ καί / CCONJ 16 μάλιστα μάλιστα / ADV 17 ἐς εἰς / ADP 18 τὰ ὁ / DET 19 γένη γένος / NOUN 20 τῶν ὁ / DET 21 ἡρώων ἥρως / NOUN 22 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1οἱDETT----NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur3 ἀρχαῖοιdethigh
2γὰργάρPARTG---------_14 δεδώκασιdiscoursehigh
3ἀρχαῖοιἀρχαῖοςADJA-----NPM-Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur14 δεδώκασιnsubjhighSubstantivized adjective.
4τῶνDETT----GPN-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur5 λόγωνdethigh
5λόγωνλόγοςNOUNN-----GPM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur8 προσόντωνnmodmediumGenitive with προσόντων, ‘lacking stories/words’.
6ἅτεἅτεSCONJC---------_8 προσόντωνmarkhighCausal/explanatory participial conjunction.
7οὐοὐPARTD---------Polarity=Neg8 προσόντωνadvmodhigh
8προσόντωνπάρειμιVERBV-PAP-GPN-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act14 δεδώκασιadvclmediumGenitive absolute with σφίσιν and ἐπῶν; προσόντων means ‘being available/present’.
9σφίσινσφεῖςPRONP-----DPM-Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=38 προσόντωνoblhighDative with προσόντων.
10ἐπῶνἔποςNOUNN-----GPN-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur8 προσόντωνnmodhighGenitive of what is available, ‘words/epic verses’.
11ἄλλαἄλλοςPRONP----NAN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur13 πλάσασθαιobjhighSubstantival accusative, ‘other things’.
12τετεCCONJC---------_11 ἄλλαcchigh
13πλάσασθαιπλάσσωVERBV-A NM---Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid14 δεδώκασιxcomphighAorist middle infinitive coordinated with the following implied complement.
14δεδώκασιδίδωμιVERBV-RAI-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh‘They have granted/allowed themselves to fabricate’; syntax is somewhat compressed.
15καὶκαίCCONJC---------_19 γένηcchigh
16μάλισταμάλισταADVD---------Degree=Sup19 γένηadvmodhigh
17ἐςεἰςADPR---------_19 γένηcasehigh
18τὰDETT----APN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur19 γένηdethigh
19γένηγένοςNOUNN-----APN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur14 δεδώκασιoblhighPrepositional accusative, ‘especially concerning the lineages/kinds’.
20τῶνDETT----GPM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur21 ἡρώωνdethigh
21ἡρώωνἥρωςNOUNN-----GPM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur19 γένηnmodhigh
22..PUNCT__14 δεδώκασιpuncthigh
← 1.38.61.38.8 →