Grammar parses for passage 1.39.4
Open translation for this passage
τῆς Ἀθηναίων ἦν καὶ αὕτη τὸ ἀρχαῖον, Πύλα τοῦ βασιλέως καταλιπόντος Πανδίονι.
The clause is elliptical and Pausanias' word order makes the relation of Πύλα and τὸ ἀρχαῖον somewhat uncertain; the genitive absolute is clear.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 Ἀθηναίων | det | high | Article modifying Ἀθηναίων. |
| 2 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject with ἦν; could be possessive/genitive of relation. |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 αὕτη | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction with αὕτη. |
| 5 | αὕτη | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | Article with ἀρχαῖον. |
| 7 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | obj | medium | Likely accusative adverbial/secondary predicate meaning 'originally'; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | Πύλα | Πύλη | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Appositional or second subject-like element; text may be elliptical. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 βασιλέως | det | high | Article with βασιλέως. |
| 11 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 καταλιπόντος | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of participle. |
| 12 | καταλιπόντος | καταλείπω | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἦν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 13 | Πανδίονι | Πανδίων | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 καταλιπόντος | obl | high | Dative complement of καταλιπόντος. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
μαρτύρια δέ μοι τάφος τε Πανδίονος ἐν τῇ γῇ καὶ Νῖσος Αἰγεῖ μὲν πρεσβυτάτῳ τοῦ παντὸς γένους παραχωρήσας Ἀθηναίων ἄρχειν, αὐτὸς δὲ Μεγάρων καὶ τῆς ἄχρι Κορίνθου βασιλεύειν ἀξιωθείς·
The syntax is heavily elliptical and paratactic; several phrases are coordinated witnesses/examples under the initial predicate μαρτύρια, with participial clauses modifying Νῖσος and ἀξιωθείς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μαρτύρια | μαρτύριον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Likely predicate nominative with omitted copula; could also be appositional to following clause. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 μαρτύρια | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | _ | Case=Dative|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 1 μαρτύρια | iobj | high | Dative of reference/advantage. |
| 4 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτύρια | nsubj | high | Subject of implied/elliptic copula. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 4 τάφος | cc | medium | Correlative τε with following καί. |
| 6 | Πανδίονος | Πανδίων | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 4 τάφος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τάφος. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 4 τάφος | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 9 γῇ | det | high | Article modifying γῇ. |
| 9 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 4 τάφος | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 Νῖσος | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 11 | Νῖσος | Νῖσος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 1 μαρτύρια | conj | medium | Likely coordinated with τάφος as another witness. |
| 12 | Αἰγεῖ | Αἰγεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 18 παραχωρήσας | iobj | medium | Dative recipient/beneficiary; relation somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 18 παραχωρήσας | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 14 | πρεσβυτάτῳ | πρέσβυς | ADJ | _ | Case=Dative|Degree=Superlative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 17 γένους | amod | high | Modifies γένους. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 17 γένους | det | high | Article modifying γένους. |
| 16 | παντὸς | πᾶς | ADJ | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 17 γένους | amod | high | Modifies γένους. |
| 17 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Sing | 12 Αἰγεῖ | nmod | medium | Genitive complement with superlative adjective phrase. |
| 18 | παραχωρήσας | παραχωρέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 11 Νῖσος | acl | high | Participial clause modifying Νῖσος. |
| 19 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 20 ἄρχειν | nsubj | medium | Subject of infinitive ἄρχειν; could be object in older analysis, but genitive subject fits archaic usage. |
| 20 | ἄρχειν | ἄρχω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 18 παραχωρήσας | xcomp | high | Complement of παραχωρήσας. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 παραχωρήσας | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 22 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing | 30 ἀξιωθείς | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀξιωθείς. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 22 αὐτὸς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 24 | Μεγάρων | Μέγαρα | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 29 βασιλεύειν | obj | medium | Likely genitive of the sphere/place with βασιλεύειν, though direct syntactic label is uncertain. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 Μεγάρων | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 26 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 28 Κορίνθου | det | high | Article modifying ἄχρι-phrase. |
| 27 | ἄχρι | ἄχρι | ADP | _ | _ | 29 βασιλεύειν | case | high | Preposition introducing endpoint phrase. |
| 28 | Κορίνθου | Κόρινθος | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 24 Μεγάρων | nmod | medium | Dependent of Μεγάρων in a range/extent phrase. |
| 29 | βασιλεύειν | βασιλεύω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 30 ἀξιωθείς | xcomp | high | Complement of ἀξιωθείς. |
| 30 | ἀξιωθείς | ἀξιόω | VERB | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 1 μαρτύρια | conj | medium | Participial clause coordinated with prior material; root attachment is approximate. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μαρτύρια | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |