Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.4.6

← 1.4.51.5.1 →

Passage 1.4.6

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
44Greek tokens
2,119input tokens
3,469output tokens
Sentence 1

1.4.6 sentence 1

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Περγαμηνοῖς δὲ ἔστι μὲν σκῦλα ἀπὸ Γαλατῶν, ἔστι δὲ γραφὴ τὸ ἔργον τὸ πρὸς Γαλάτας ἔχουσα.

Two coordinated existential clauses: σκῦλα is the first subject, while γραφή is the second; ἔχουσα agrees with γραφή and takes τὸ ἔργον τὸ πρὸς Γαλάτας as its object, with the final article likely substantivizing/introducing the relative-like phrase.

punct cc conj acl punct obj det iobj nsubj nmod nsubj discourse case cc det case obl root 1 Περγαμηνοῖς Περγαμηνός / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 4 μὲν μέν / PART 5 σκῦλα σκῦλον / NOUN 6 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 7 Γαλατῶν Γαλάτης / PROPN 8 , , / PUNCT 9 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 10 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 11 γραφὴ γραφή / NOUN 12 τὸ ὁ / DET 13 ἔργον ἔργον / NOUN 14 τὸ ὁ / DET 15 πρὸς πρός / ADP 16 Γαλάτας Γαλάτης / PROPN 17 ἔχουσα ἔχω / VERB 18 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΠεργαμηνοῖςΠεργαμηνόςPROPNA-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur3 ἔστιiobjhighDative of possession/reference with ἔστι.
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_9 ἔστιcchighCoordinator contrasting the two existential clauses.
3ἔστιεἰμίVERBV3SPIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighExistential verb; singular despite plural σκῦλα, as common with neuter plural subjects.
4μὲνμένPARTX---------_3 ἔστιdiscoursehighCorrelative particle paired with δέ.
5σκῦλασκῦλονNOUNN-PNA-----Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur3 ἔστιnsubjhighNeuter plural subject of existential ἔστι.
6ἀπὸἀπόADPR--------_7 ΓαλατῶνcasehighPreposition governing the genitive.
7ΓαλατῶνΓαλάτηςPROPNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 σκῦλαnmodhighGenitive complement of ἀπό, modifying σκῦλα.
8,,PUNCT__3 ἔστιpuncthigh
9ἔστιεἰμίVERBV3SPIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act3 ἔστιconjhighSecond coordinated existential clause.
10δὲδέCCONJC--------_9 ἔστιcchighCoordinator corresponding to μὲν.
11γραφὴγραφήNOUNN-NF--------Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 ἔστιnsubjhighSubject/predicate nominal of the second existential clause.
12τὸDETT-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing13 ἔργονdethighArticle with ἔργον.
13ἔργονἔργονNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing17 ἔχουσαobjmediumLikely accusative object semantically governed by ἔχουσα, though form is syncretic with nominative.
14τὸDETT-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing17 ἔχουσαdetmediumSecond article may introduce an attributive/relative-like phrase; its syntactic attachment is uncertain.
15πρὸςπρόςADPR--------_16 ΓαλάταςcasehighPreposition governing Γαλάτας.
16ΓαλάταςΓαλάτηςPROPNN-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur17 ἔχουσαoblhighObject of πρὸς in the sense ‘against the Galatians’.
17ἔχουσαἔχωVERBV-PAP-NFSCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act11 γραφὴaclhighParticipial modifier agreeing with γραφή; takes ἔργον as object.
18..PUNCT__3 ἔστιpuncthigh
Sentence 2

1.4.6 sentence 2

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13
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1,752

ἣν δὲ νέμονται οἱ Περγαμηνοί, Καβείρων ἱεράν φασιν εἶναι τὸ ἀρχαῖον·

Relative clause ἣν ... νέμονται is the object of νέμονται, with οἱ Περγαμηνοί as subject; the following clause has φασιν as the matrix verb and an accusative-plus-infinitive construction, τὸ ἀρχαῖον being the accusative subject of εἶναι and Καβείρων ἱεράν its predicate, probably with an understood predicative complement for ἣν.

cc advcl punct punct obj nsubj xcomp nsubj det nmod xcomp det root 1 ἣν ὅς / PRON 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 νέμονται νέμω / VERB 4 οἱ ὁ / DET 5 Περγαμηνοί Περγαμηνός / PROPN 6 , , / PUNCT 7 Καβείρων Καβείρος / PROPN 8 ἱεράν ἱερός / ADJ 9 φασιν φημί / VERB 10 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 11 τὸ ὁ / DET 12 ἀρχαῖον ἀρχαῖος / ADJ 13 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἣνὅςPRONArCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel3 νέμονταιobjhigh
2δὲδέCCONJ--------_9 φασινcchighPostpositive connective.
3νέμονταινέμωVERBV3PPIM---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid9 φασινadvclmediumRelative clause modifying an omitted or contextually supplied antecedent; attached here to φασιν.
4οἱDET----NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art5 Περγαμηνοίdethigh
5ΠεργαμηνοίΠεργαμηνόςPROPNNP----M-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur3 νέμονταιnsubjhighEthnic name used substantivally.
6,,PUNCT__3 νέμονταιpuncthigh
7ΚαβείρωνΚαβείροςPROPNNPGPM---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur8 ἱεράνnmodhighGenitive of association/possession: 'of the Cabeiri'.
8ἱεράνἱερόςADJA----AF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 εἶναιxcompmediumPredicate adjective in the accusative-and-infinitive construction; understood subject is ἣν.
9φασινφημίVERBV3PPIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
10εἶναιεἰμίAUXV--PAN---Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act9 φασινxcomphighInfinitive complement of φασιν.
11τὸDET----NAS-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art12 ἀρχαῖονdethigh
12ἀρχαῖονἀρχαῖοςADJA----NS-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing10 εἶναιnsubjmediumAccusative subject of εἶναι; substantival 'the ancient [one/thing]'.
13··PUNCT__9 φασινpuncthigh
Sentence 3

1.4.6 sentence 3

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1,720

αὐτοὶ δὲ Ἀρκάδες ἐθέλουσιν εἶναι τῶν ὁμοῦ Τηλέφῳ διαβάντων ἐς τὴν Ἀσίαν.

The infinitive εἶναι is the complement of ἐθέλουσιν; τῶν ... διαβάντων is a genitive partitive/characterizing phrase modifying Ἀρκάδες, with ὁμοῦ adverbial and Τηλέφῳ an accompaniment dative.

punct nmod nsubj det obl cc advmod case nsubj xcomp obl det root 1 αὐτοὶ αὐτός / PRON 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 Ἀρκάδες Ἀρκάς / PROPN 4 ἐθέλουσιν ἐθέλω / VERB 5 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 6 τῶν ὁ / DET 7 ὁμοῦ ὁμοῦ / ADV 8 Τηλέφῳ Τήλεφος / PROPN 9 διαβάντων διαβαίνω / VERB 10 ἐς εἰς / ADP 11 τὴν ὁ / DET 12 Ἀσίαν Ἀσία / PROPN 13 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1αὐτοὶαὐτόςPRONA-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs4 ἐθέλουσινnsubjhigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_4 ἐθέλουσινcchigh
3ἈρκάδεςἈρκάςPROPNN-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Geo|Number=Plur4 ἐθέλουσινnsubjhighAppositional or clarifying subject alongside αὐτοί.
4ἐθέλουσινἐθέλωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
5εἶναιεἰμίAUXV-PNAMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act4 ἐθέλουσινxcomphighInfinitival complement of ἐθέλουσιν.
6τῶνDETT-GPMCase=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 διαβάντωνdethigh
7ὁμοῦὁμοῦADVD--------_9 διαβάντωνadvmodhighMeans ‘together’; modifies διαβάντων.
8ΤηλέφῳΤήλεφοςPROPNN-DMSCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Pers|Number=Sing9 διαβάντωνoblmediumDative of accompaniment with ὁμοῦ understood.
9διαβάντωνδιαβαίνωVERBV-AAP-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Ptcp|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act3 ἈρκάδεςnmodmediumGenitive substantival/partitive participle referring to the group who crossed; syntactically dependent on Ἀρκάδες.
10ἐςεἰςADPR--------_12 Ἀσίανcasehigh
11τὴνDETT-ASFCase=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 Ἀσίανdethigh
12ἈσίανἈσίαPROPNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing9 διαβάντωνoblhighDestination of διαβαίνω.
13..PUNCT__4 ἐθέλουσινpuncthigh
← 1.4.51.5.1 →