Grammar parses for passage 1.40.2
Open translation for this passage
πειρωμένους δὲ εἰ στράτευμα ἐγγὺς εἴη πολέμιον ἀφιέναι τῶν βελῶν, καὶ τὴν πλησίον πέτραν στένειν βαλλομένην, τοὺς δὲ αὖθις τοξεύειν προθυμίᾳ πλέονι.
Participles and infinitives form an accusative-and-infinitive construction dependent on an understood governing verb; εἰ στράτευμα ... εἴη is an embedded indirect question/condition, and βαλλομένην agrees with πέτραν. The precise attachment of the infinitival clauses is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πειρωμένους | πειράω | VERB | V-PPM-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 ἀφιέναι | advcl | medium | Circumstantial middle participle; understood subject is the men. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 1 πειρωμένους | cc | high | |
| 3 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C- | _ | 6 εἴη | mark | high | Introduces the conditional content. |
| 4 | στράτευμα | στράτευμα | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 εἴη | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐγγὺς | ἐγγύς | ADV | D- | _ | 6 εἴη | advmod | high | Adverb meaning near/nearby. |
| 6 | εἴη | εἰμί | AUX | V-OPX-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἀφιέναι | ccomp | medium | Optative in the embedded εἰ-clause. |
| 7 | πολέμιον | πολέμιος | ADJ | A-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 στράτευμα | amod | high | Predicative adjective with στράτευμα; accusative form is formally identical to nominative neuter. |
| 8 | ἀφιέναι | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 πειρωμένους | xcomp | medium | Infinitive coordinated in the reported action sequence. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 βελῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | βελῶν | βέλος | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἀφιέναι | obj | high | Genitive object/source with ἀφίημι. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀφιέναι | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 16 στένειν | cc | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 πέτραν | det | high | |
| 14 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D- | _ | 15 πέτραν | advmod | high | Adverb used attributively, ‘nearby’. |
| 15 | πέτραν | πέτρα | NOUN | N-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 στένειν | obj | high | |
| 16 | στένειν | στένω | VERB | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἀφιέναι | conj | medium | Infinitive coordinated with ἀφιέναι; πέτραν is its accusative subject/object-like argument. |
| 17 | βαλλομένην | βάλλω | VERB | V-PPM-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 15 πέτραν | acl | high | Agrees with πέτραν; passive ‘being struck’. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 στένειν | punct | high | |
| 19 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 τοξεύειν | det | high | Article substantivizes the following understood/elliptical group. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 22 τοξεύειν | cc | high | |
| 21 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D- | _ | 22 τοξεύειν | advmod | high | |
| 22 | τοξεύειν | τοξεύω | VERB | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 ἀφιέναι | conj | medium | Third coordinated infinitive; τοὺς is its accusative subject, with an implied noun such as ἄνδρας. |
| 23 | προθυμίᾳ | προθυμία | NOUN | N-SFI | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 τοξεύειν | obl | high | Dative of manner. |
| 24 | πλέονι | πολύς | ADJ | A-SDI-C | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 προθυμίᾳ | amod | high | Comparative agrees with προθυμίᾳ. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀφιέναι | punct | high |