Grammar parses for passage 1.40.3
Open translation for this passage
τέλος δὲ αὐτοῖς ἀναλωθῆναι τοὺς ὀιστοὺς ἐς ἄνδρας πολεμίους τοξεύειν προθυμίᾳ πλέονι νομίζουσιν·
The impersonal construction has νομίζουσιν governing an accusative-and-infinitive: τοὺς ὀιστούς ἀναλωθῆναι, with the following τοξεύειν coordinated in sense and governed by προθυμίᾳ πλέονι; αὐτοῖς is the dative experiencer/possessor. The exact scope of the infinitives is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέλος | τέλος | ADV | ADV | _ | 13 νομίζουσιν | advmod | medium | Adverbial τέλος, ‘at last/finally’; formally a neuter noun used adverbially. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 νομίζουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 13 νομίζουσιν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/experiencer with νομίζουσιν. |
| 4 | ἀναλωθῆναι | ἀναλίσκω | VERB | V-ANP | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 13 νομίζουσιν | ccomp | medium | Aorist passive infinitive in the accusative-and-infinitive construction; τοὺς ὀιστούς is its accusative subject. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ὀιστοὺς | det | high | |
| 6 | ὀιστοὺς | ὀιστός | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀναλωθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἀναλωθῆναι. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 8 ἄνδρας | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 8 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 τοξεύειν | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐς. |
| 9 | πολεμίους | πολέμιος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἄνδρας | amod | high | Substantivized adjective modifying ἄνδρας. |
| 10 | τοξεύειν | τοξεύω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | medium | Present active infinitive; syntactic attachment is uncertain, likely coordinated with the preceding infinitival content. |
| 11 | προθυμίᾳ | προθυμία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 τοξεύειν | obl | medium | Dative of manner or attendant circumstance with τοξεύειν. |
| 12 | πλέονι | πολύς | ADJ | A-DSF-CMP | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 προθυμίᾳ | amod | high | Comparative modifying προθυμίᾳ. |
| 13 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 νομίζουσιν | punct | high |
ἡμέρα τε ὑπεφαίνετο καὶ οἱ Μεγαρεῖς ἐπῄεσαν, μαχόμενοι δὲ ὁπλῖται πρὸς ἀνόπλους καὶ οὐδὲ βελῶν εὐποροῦντας ἔτι φονεύουσιν αὐτῶν τοὺς πολλούς·
The sentence coordinates the dawning of day with the Megarians' advance; μαχόμενοι is a circumstantial participle, while ὁπλῖται is the explicit subject of the historical-present φονεύουσιν. The participial phrase πρὸς ἀνόπλους καὶ ... εὐποροῦντας characterizes the defeated opponents; αὐτῶν is partitive with τοὺς πολλούς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡμέρα | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ὑπεφαίνετο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 3 ὑπεφαίνετο | cc | high | Correlative/coordinating τε. |
| 3 | ὑπεφαίνετο | ὑποφαίνω | VERB | V3SIIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Imperfect middle; coordinates with ἐπῄεσαν. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 7 ἐπῄεσαν | cc | high | |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Μεγαρεῖς | det | high | |
| 6 | Μεγαρεῖς | Μεγαρεύς | PROPN | N----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐπῄεσαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 7 | ἐπῄεσαν | ἔπειμι | VERB | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 3 ὑπεφαίνετο | conj | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐπῄεσαν | punct | high | |
| 9 | μαχόμενοι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PMPNNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Middle | 19 φονεύουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, with ὁπλῖται as its understood subject. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 19 φονεύουσιν | cc | high | |
| 11 | ὁπλῖται | ὁπλίτης | NOUN | N---NNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 φονεύουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | _ | 13 ἀνόπλους | case | high | |
| 13 | ἀνόπλους | ἄοπλος | ADJ | A----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 φονεύουσιν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, object of πρὸς. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 εὐποροῦντας | cc | high | |
| 15 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 17 εὐποροῦντας | cc | high | Negative coordinator within the coordinated object description. |
| 16 | βελῶν | βέλος | NOUN | N---GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 εὐποροῦντας | obl | high | Partitive/possessive genitive with εὐποροῦντας. |
| 17 | εὐποροῦντας | εὐπορέω | VERB | V-PAPAPM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 13 ἀνόπλους | conj | high | Accusative participle coordinated with ἀνόπλους and modifying the same understood opponents. |
| 18 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 17 εὐποροῦντας | advmod | high | |
| 19 | φονεύουσιν | φονεύω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Historical present; coordinated narratively with the preceding imperfect clauses. |
| 20 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 22 πολλούς | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with τοὺς πολλούς. |
| 21 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 πολλούς | det | high | |
| 22 | πολλούς | πολύς | ADJ | A----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 φονεύουσιν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, object of φονεύουσιν. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 φονεύουσιν | punct | high |
καὶ ἐπὶ τῷδε Σωτείρας ἄγαλμα ἐποιήσαντο Ἀρτέμιδος.
The prepositional phrase ἐπὶ τῷδε is temporal/instrumental-contextual (‘in addition to this’); Σωτείρας Ἀρτέμιδος is a genitive naming the deity, dependent on ἄγαλμα. The middle aorist ἐποιήσαντο is active in meaning (‘they made/dedicated’), with an unexpressed third-person plural subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 3 τῷδε | case | high | With dative τῷδε; exact contextual nuance is somewhat flexible. |
| 3 | τῷδε | ὅδε | PRON | PD----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | obl | high | Substantivized demonstrative with ἐπί. |
| 4 | Σωτείρας | Σωτήρ | PROPN | N----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἄγαλμα | nmod | medium | Feminine divine epithet, ‘of Soteira’; lemma normalized to Σωτήρ. |
| 5 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N----NAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | |
| 6 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | V----AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice is morphologically clear; translation may be active (‘made/dedicated’). |
| 7 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive identifying whose statue it is. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα καὶ τῶν δώδεκα ὀνομαζομένων θεῶν ἐστιν ἀγάλματα ἔργα εἶναι λεγόμενα Πραξιτέλους ·
Existential ἐστιν has postposed subject ἀγάλματα, modified by the infinitival predication ἔργα εἶναι λεγόμενα Πραξιτέλους; λεγόμενα is naturally construed with ἀγάλματα, while ἔργα is an accusative predicate with εἶναι. The genitive phrase τῶν δώδεκα ὀνομαζομένων θεῶν depends on ἀγάλματα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-D | PronType=Dem | 7 ἐστιν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 θεῶν | det | high | |
| 4 | δώδεκα | δώδεκα | NUM | M----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 5 ὀνομαζομένων | amod | high | indeclinable cardinal, agreeing syntactically with θεῶν |
| 5 | ὀνομαζομένων | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 6 θεῶν | amod | high | |
| 6 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential use; subject follows. |
| 8 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 εἶναι | predicative | medium | Accusative predicate of εἶναι in the infinitival construction. |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 λεγόμενα | xcomp | medium | Infinitive dependent on λεγόμενα; construction may be analyzed as a reported characterization. |
| 11 | λεγόμενα | λέγω | VERB | V-PPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ἀγάλματα | acl | medium | Agrees with ἀγάλματα; εἶναι ἔργα is its infinitival complement. |
| 12 | Πραξιτέλους | Πραξιτέλης | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔργα | nmod | high | Genitive of authorship/origin. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high |