Grammar parses for passage 1.40.3
Open translation for this passage
τέλος δὲ αὐτοῖς ἀναλωθῆναι τοὺς ὀιστοὺς ἐς ἄνδρας πολεμίους τοξεύειν προθυμίᾳ πλέονι νομίζουσιν·
Greek syntax is somewhat compressed: ἀναλωθῆναι and τοξεύειν are both infinitival complements under νομίζουσιν, with τέλος likely adverbial and προθυμίᾳ πλέονι expressing manner/relation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέλος | τέλος | ADV | _ | _ | 13 νομίζουσιν | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial 'finally'; could also be neuter noun, but syntax favors adverb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 νομίζουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 νομίζουσιν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/advantage with νομίζουσιν. |
| 4 | ἀναλωθῆναι | ἀναλόω | VERB | V-APN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 13 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive dependent on νομίζουσιν. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ὀιστοὺς | det | high | Article modifying ὀιστούς. |
| 6 | ὀιστοὺς | ὀιστός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀναλωθῆναι | obj | high | Direct object of ἀναλωθῆναι. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 8 ἄνδρας | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 8 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 τοξεύειν | obl | medium | Object of ἐς; dependent on τοξεύειν as the purpose/result phrase. |
| 9 | πολεμίους | πολέμιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἄνδρας | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἄνδρας. |
| 10 | τοξεύειν | τοξεύω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive, likely with ἀναλωθῆναι/νομίζουσιν construction. |
| 11 | προθυμίᾳ | προθυμία | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 νομίζουσιν | obl | medium | Dative of manner/relation; semantically adverbial. |
| 12 | πλέονι | πλείων | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 προθυμίᾳ | amod | high | Comparative adjective modifying προθυμίᾳ. |
| 13 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 νομίζουσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἡμέρα τε ὑπεφαίνετο καὶ οἱ Μεγαρεῖς ἐπῄεσαν, μαχόμενοι δὲ ὁπλῖται πρὸς ἀνόπλους καὶ οὐδὲ βελῶν εὐποροῦντας ἔτι φονεύουσιν αὐτῶν τοὺς πολλούς·
The syntax is paratactic: two main clauses with coordinated participial modifiers; ὁπλῖται and εὐποροῦντας are the main ambiguous points in case/function.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡμέρα | ἡμέρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 3 ὑπεφαίνετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ὑπεφαίνετο. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἡμέρα | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | ὑπεφαίνετο | ὑποφαίνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἐπῄεσαν | cc | high | Connects the two main clauses. |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 6 Μεγαρεῖς | det | high | Article with Μεγαρεῖς. |
| 6 | Μεγαρεῖς | Μεγαρεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 7 ἐπῄεσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπῄεσαν. |
| 7 | ἐπῄεσαν | ἐπίαμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ὑπεφαίνετο | conj | medium | Coordinated with ὑπεφαίνετο; tense/form may reflect imperfect of motion verb. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὑπεφαίνετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | μαχόμενοι | μάχομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 11 ὁπλῖται | acl | high | Participial modifier of ὁπλῖται. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ὁπλῖται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 11 | ὁπλῖται | ὁπλίτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 19 φονεύουσιν | nsubj | medium | Subject of φονεύουσιν. |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 13 ἀνόπλους | case | high | Preposition governing ἀνόπλους. |
| 13 | ἀνόπλους | ἄνοπλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 μαχόμενοι | obl | high | Prepositional complement of μαχόμενοι. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 φονεύουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates ἔτι/φονεύουσιν phrase with following negative object phrase. |
| 15 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | PART | _ | _ | 19 φονεύουσιν | advmod | high | Negative connective modifying the verb. |
| 16 | βελῶν | βέλος | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 17 εὐποροῦντας | obj | medium | Dependent on εὐποροῦντας; genitive of abundance/relation. |
| 17 | εὐποροῦντας | εὐπορέω | VERB | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 φονεύουσιν | advcl | medium | Participial modifier of φονεύουσιν; agreement suggests accusative, though syntax is somewhat loose. |
| 18 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 19 φονεύουσιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying φονεύουσιν. |
| 19 | φονεύουσιν | φονεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ὑπεφαίνετο | conj | high | Coordinated main verb after the participial modifiers. |
| 20 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 22 πολλούς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πολλούς. |
| 21 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 22 πολλούς | det | high | Article with πολλούς. |
| 22 | πολλούς | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 19 φονεύουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of φονεύουσιν. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 φονεύουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἐνταῦθα καὶ τῶν δώδεκα ὀνομαζομένων θεῶν ἐστιν ἀγάλματα ἔργα εἶναι λεγόμενα Πραξιτέλους ·
The syntax is somewhat compressed: ἀγάλματα is the subject of ἐστιν, while λεγόμενα introduces a participial phrase with an infinitival complement εἶναι and ἔργα as its predicative element.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the copular clause. |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinates with prior context or focus particle-like additive conjunction. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 θεῶν | det | high | Article of the genitive noun phrase. |
| 4 | δώδεκα | δώδεκα | NUM | a-p--- | NumType=Card | 6 θεῶν | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral modifying θεῶν. |
| 5 | ὀνομαζομένων | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PMP-PGM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 θεῶν | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying θεῶν. |
| 6 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀγάλματα. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular/existential verb. |
| 8 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 9 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 λεγόμενα | xcomp | medium | Likely predicative/complementary noun within the reported infinitival construction; attachment is uncertain. |
| 10 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 λεγόμενα | aux | high | Infinitive in reported speech/predicate construction. |
| 11 | λεγόμενα | λέγω | VERB | V-PMP-NPN | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 ἀγάλματα | acl | medium | Participle modifying ἀγάλματα, governing infinitival clause. |
| 12 | Πραξιτέλους | Πραξιτέλης | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λεγόμενα | nsubj | high | Genitive of author/agent with λεγόμενα. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὴν δὲ Ἄρτεμιν αὐτὴν Στρογγυλίων ἐποίησε.
Straightforward clause with nominative subject and accusative object; αὐτὴν is treated as emphatic/appositive to Ἄρτεμιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἐποίησε | obj | high | Article modifying the object noun. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἐποίησε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἄρτεμιν | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐποίησε | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποίησε. |
| 4 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 Ἄρτεμιν | appos | medium | Likely appositive/emphatic pronoun agreeing with Ἄρτεμιν. |
| 5 | Στρογγυλίων | Στρογγυλίων | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐποίησε | nsubj | high | Nominative subject of the verb. |
| 6 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐποίησε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |