Grammar parses for passage 1.41.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐντεῦθεν ὁ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ἡμῖν ἐξηγητὴς ἡγεῖτο ἐς χωρίον Ῥοῦν ὡς ἔφασκεν ὀνομαζόμενον, ταύτῃ γὰρ ὕδωρ ποτὲ ἐκ τῶν ὀρῶν τῶν ὑπὲρ τὴν πόλιν ῥυῆναι· Θεαγένης δέ, ὃς τότε ἐτυράννει, τὸ ὕδωρ ἑτέρωσε τρέψας βωμὸν ἐνταῦθα Ἀχελῴῳ ἐποίησε.
The passage contains two main clauses with reported speech; the second clause has a participial chain (τρέψας) and a relative clause (ὃς τότε ἐτυράννει) modifying Θεαγένης.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 ἡγεῖτο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἐξηγητὴς | det | high | |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 ἐπιχωρίων | det | high | |
| 4 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐξηγητὴς | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ἡμῖν | ἐγώ | PRON | p-p---md- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 6 ἐξηγητὴς | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἐξηγητὴς | ἐξηγητής | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἡγεῖτο | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | ἡγεῖτο | ἡγέομαι | VERB | v3sii--3- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 9 χωρίον | case | high | |
| 9 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | n-s---an- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἡγεῖτο | obl | high | |
| 10 | Ῥοῦν | Ῥοῦς | PROPN | n-s---an- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 χωρίον | appos | medium | Treat as appositive proper name of χωρίον; form is accusative. |
| 11 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 12 ἔφασκεν | mark | high | |
| 12 | ἔφασκεν | φημί | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 13 ὀνομαζόμενον | advcl | high | Reported-speech parenthetical. |
| 13 | ὀνομαζόμενον | ὀνομάζω | VERB | v-sppmma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 χωρίον | acl | high | Participial modifier of χωρίον. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἡγεῖτο | punct | high | |
| 15 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | PRON | p-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 26 ῥυῆναι | obl | high | |
| 16 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | g-------- | _ | 26 ῥυῆναι | discourse | high | |
| 17 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ῥυῆναι | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | ποτὲ | ποτέ | ADV | d-------- | _ | 26 ῥυῆναι | advmod | high | |
| 19 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 21 ὀρῶν | case | high | |
| 20 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 ὀρῶν | det | high | |
| 21 | ὀρῶν | ὄρος | NOUN | n-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ῥυῆναι | obl | high | |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 25 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 23 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 25 πόλιν | case | high | |
| 24 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 25 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ὀρῶν | nmod | high | Modified by ὑπέρ. |
| 26 | ῥυῆναι | ῥέω | VERB | v--ana--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 ἔφασκεν | ccomp | high | |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἡγεῖτο | punct | high | |
| 28 | Θεαγένης | Θεαγένης | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἐποίησε | nsubj | high | |
| 29 | δέ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 28 Θεαγένης | discourse | high | |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 Θεαγένης | punct | high | |
| 31 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | p-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 33 ἐτυράννει | nsubj | high | |
| 32 | τότε | τότε | ADV | d-------- | _ | 33 ἐτυράννει | advmod | high | |
| 33 | ἐτυράννει | τυραννέω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 28 Θεαγένης | acl:relcl | high | |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 Θεαγένης | punct | high | |
| 35 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---an- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 36 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 36 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 42 ἐποίησε | obj | high | Likely promoted object/theme of the participial phrase. |
| 37 | ἑτέρωσε | ἑτέρωσε | ADV | d-------- | _ | 38 τρέψας | advmod | high | |
| 38 | τρέψας | τρέπω | VERB | v-sapmn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 42 ἐποίησε | advcl | high | |
| 39 | βωμὸν | βωμός | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἐποίησε | obj | high | |
| 40 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | d-------- | _ | 42 ἐποίησε | advmod | high | |
| 41 | Ἀχελῴῳ | Ἀχελῷος | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἐποίησε | iobj | high | Dative object of dedication/creation. |
| 42 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 42 ἐποίησε | punct | high |
καὶ Ὕλλου πλησίον τοῦ Ἡρακλέους μνῆμά ἐστιν ἀνδρὶ Ἀρκάδι Ἐχέμῳ τῷ Ἀερόπου μονομαχήσαντος· καὶ ὅστις μὲν Ἔχεμος ὢν ἀπέκτεινεν Ὕλλον, ἑτέρωθι τοῦ λόγου δηλώσω, τέθαπται δὲ καὶ Ὕλλος ἐν τοῖς Μεγάροις.
Two coordinated clauses: the first has an existential μνῆμά ἐστιν with a genitive phrase and a participial modifier; the second uses a relative clause with μὲν ... δὲ contrast and finite verbs in historical present/perfect.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | cc | high | Connects to the main clause verb. |
| 2 | Ὕλλου | Ὕλλος | PROPN | N__ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 πλησίον | nmod | high | Genitive with πλησίον. |
| 3 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D________ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | advmod | medium | Adverbial/postpositional use with genitive. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N__ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 πλησίον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of πλησίον. |
| 6 | μνῆμά | μνῆμα | NOUN | N__ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate. |
| 8 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N__ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 μονομαχήσαντος | iobj | medium | Dative beneficiary/associated person in the construction. |
| 9 | Ἀρκάδι | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N__ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνδρὶ | amod | high | Epexegetic/appositional adjective-like ethnic. |
| 10 | Ἐχέμῳ | Ἔχεμος | PROPN | N__ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνδρὶ | appos | high | Apposition to ἀνδρί. |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἀερόπου | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἀερόπου | Ἀέροπος | PROPN | N__ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 μονομαχήσαντος | nsubj | medium | Genitive absolute participle with implied subject. |
| 13 | μονομαχήσαντος | μονομαχέω | VERB | V-AAP-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute modifying the first clause. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 δηλώσω | cc | high | Connects the following clause. |
| 16 | ὅστις | ὅστις | PRON | P-G- | PronType=Rel | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun introducing the clause. |
| 17 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 16 ὅστις | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 18 | Ἔχεμος | Ἔχεμος | PROPN | N__ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | xcomp | medium | Likely predicative/appositional with ὤν; syntax slightly compressed. |
| 19 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 20 | ἀπέκτεινεν | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 δηλώσω | advcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 21 | Ὕλλον | Ὕλλος | PROPN | N__ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | obj | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | punct | high | |
| 23 | ἑτέρωθι | ἑτέρωθι | ADV | D________ | _ | 26 δηλώσω | advmod | high | |
| 24 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 λόγου | det | high | |
| 25 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N__ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 δηλώσω | obl | high | Genitive with ἑτέρωθι in a discourse phrase. |
| 26 | δηλώσω | δηλόω | VERB | V-FAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστιν | parataxis | high | Main verb of the parenthetical promise. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 δηλώσω | punct | high | |
| 28 | τέθαπται | θάπτω | VERB | V-PRI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main clause, perfect passive/deponent sense. |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 τέθαπται | cc | high | Contrasting coordinator. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 τέθαπται | advmod | high | Adds emphasis 'also'. |
| 31 | Ὕλλος | Ὕλλος | PROPN | N__ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 τέθαπται | nsubj | high | |
| 32 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-- | _ | 34 Μεγάροις | case | high | |
| 33 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 Μεγάροις | det | high | |
| 34 | Μεγάροις | Μέγαρα | PROPN | N__ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 τέθαπται | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 τέθαπται | punct | high |
αὕτη καλοῖτο ἂν ὀρθῶς στρατεία τῶν Ἡρακλειδῶν ἐς Πελοπόννησον ἐπὶ Ὀρέστου βασιλεύοντος.
The clause is straightforward, with στρατεία as a predicate nominal under a potential optative; ἐπὶ Ὀρέστου βασιλεύοντος is best treated as an adverbial circumstantial genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὕτη | οὗτος | PRON | PPro-Dem-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 στρατεία | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun functioning as subject. |
| 2 | καλοῖτο | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predication in potential optative with ἂν. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | T- | _ | 2 καλοῖτο | advmod | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 4 | ὀρθῶς | ὀρθῶς | ADV | D | _ | 2 καλοῖτο | advmod | high | Modifies the verbal predicate. |
| 5 | στρατεία | στρατεία | NOUN | N--FSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 καλοῖτο | xcomp | medium | Predicate noun; could also be analyzed as subject complement. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Px-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Plur|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ἡρακλειδῶν | det | high | Definite article. |
| 7 | Ἡρακλειδῶν | Ἡρακλείδης | PROPN | N-P---GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 στρατεία | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of στρατεία. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 9 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 9 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N--FSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 καλοῖτο | obl | high | Directional oblique governed by the clause. |
| 10 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 12 βασιλεύοντος | case | high | Preposition governing genitive here. |
| 11 | Ὀρέστου | Ὀρέστης | PROPN | N-P---GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 βασιλεύοντος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of the participle. |
| 12 | βασιλεύοντος | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PPAPGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 2 καλοῖτο | obl | medium | Genitive absolute participle with ἐπί; could be adverbial temporal/circumstantial. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 καλοῖτο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |