Grammar parses for passage 1.41.4
Open translation for this passage
ταῦτα μὲν οὕτω γενέσθαι λέγουσιν·
Accusative ταῦτα is the subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι in reported speech, with λέγουσιν as the matrix verb; μὲν is a discourse particle and οὕτω an adverbial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 5 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive contrastive/discourse particle. |
| 3 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 γενέσθαι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying γενέσθαι. |
| 4 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | VAM---MN- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Inf|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 5 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive in reported content. |
| 5 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | VPAI3P---- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Matrix verb of saying. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 5 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
ἐγὼ δὲ γράφειν μὲν ἐθέλω Μεγαρεῦσιν ὁμολογοῦντα, οὐκ ἔχω δὲ ὅπως εὕρωμαι πάντα σφίσιν, ἀλλὰ ἀποθανεῖν μὲν λέοντα ἐν τῷ Κιθαιρῶνι ὑπὸ Ἀλκάθου πείθομαι,
The sentence coordinates θέλω γράφειν with ἔχω εὑρῶμαι and πείθομαι ἀποθανεῖν; ὁμολογοῦντα is an accusative agreeing with the understood object of γράφειν, while πάντα σφίσιν is the object/complement of εὕρωμαι with a somewhat compressed construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγὼ | ἐγώ | PRON | PPron-Nom1Sg | Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 5 ἐθέλω | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐθέλω | cc | high | |
| 3 | γράφειν | γράφω | VERB | V-PresActInf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐθέλω | xcomp | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 3 γράφειν | advmod | high | Correlative μεν...δε construction. |
| 5 | ἐθέλω | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PresActInd1Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 26 πείθομαι | conj | high | First coordinated finite predicate. |
| 6 | Μεγαρεῦσιν | Μεγαρεῖς | PROPN | N-DatPl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ὁμολογοῦντα | iobj | medium | Megarians; dative of reference/addressee. |
| 7 | ὁμολογοῦντα | ὁμολογέω | VERB | V-PresActPtcAccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 γράφειν | ccomp | medium | Accusative participle, likely agreeing with an implicit object/person understood with γράφειν. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐθέλω | punct | high | |
| 9 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PRT-Neg | Polarity=Neg | 10 ἔχω | advmod | high | |
| 10 | ἔχω | ἔχω | VERB | V-PresActInd1Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 26 πείθομαι | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐθέλω. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἔχω | cc | high | |
| 12 | ὅπως | ὅπως | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 εὕρωμαι | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 13 | εὕρωμαι | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-AorMidSubj1Sg | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 10 ἔχω | ccomp | medium | Aorist middle subjunctive in ὅπως clause; middle nuance is lexical/contextual. |
| 14 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-AccPlNeut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 εὕρωμαι | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural. |
| 15 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | PPron-Dat3Pl | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 εὕρωμαι | iobj | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔχω | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 πείθομαι | cc | high | |
| 18 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-AorActInf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 πείθομαι | xcomp | high | |
| 19 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 18 ἀποθανεῖν | advmod | high | Correlative μεν...δε is extended across the sentence. |
| 20 | λέοντα | λέων | NOUN | N-AccSgMasc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀποθανεῖν | obj | medium | Accusative associated with ἀποθανεῖν; likely predicative/object-like accusative in the compressed infinitival construction. |
| 21 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 Κιθαιρῶνι | case | high | |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Art-DatSgMasc | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Κιθαιρῶνι | det | high | |
| 23 | Κιθαιρῶνι | Κιθαιρών | PROPN | N-DatSgMasc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀποθανεῖν | obl | high | |
| 24 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 25 Ἀλκάθου | case | high | |
| 25 | Ἀλκάθου | Ἀλκάθοος | PROPN | N-GenSgMasc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀποθανεῖν | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive-like notion in πείθομαι. |
| 26 | πείθομαι | πείθω | VERB | V-PresMidPassInd1Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle/passive-form verb meaning 'I am persuaded'; governs the infinitive ἀποθανεῖν. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 πείθομαι | punct | high |
Μεγαρέως δὲ Τίμαλκον παῖδα τίς μὲν ἐς Ἄφιδναν ἐλθεῖν μετὰ τῶν Διοσκούρων ἔγραψε;
Interrogative sentence: Μεγαρέως is a genitive of origin/possessor with παῖδα; Τίμαλκον παῖδα is the accusative object of ἔγραψε, with ἐλθεῖν as complementary infinitive. The μὲν is correlative/continuative and lacks an overt δέ in this sentence; ἐς Ἄφιδναν is directional.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεγαρέως | Μεγαρεύς | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδα | nmod | high | Genitive of origin/association with παῖδα: 'a child of Megareus'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 13 ἔγραψε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Τίμαλκον | Τίμαλκος | PROPN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδα | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to παῖδα. |
| 4 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἔγραψε | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔγραψε; Τίμαλκον is appositional. |
| 5 | τίς | τίς | PRON | P--NSM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int | 13 ἔγραψε | nsubj | high | Interrogative subject of ἔγραψε. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X--------- | _ | 13 ἔγραψε | discourse | medium | Correlative/continuative particle; no overt paired δέ here. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 Ἄφιδναν | case | high | Directional preposition governing Ἄφιδναν. |
| 8 | Ἄφιδναν | Ἄφιδνα | PROPN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐλθεῖν | obl | high | Accusative place name governed by ἐς. |
| 9 | ἐλθεῖν | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V---AN-- | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 ἔγραψε | xcomp | high | Aorist active infinitive, complementary to ἔγραψε; understood subject is the object παῖδα. |
| 10 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 12 Διοσκούρων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive plural. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L--GPM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 Διοσκούρων | det | high | Article agreeing with Διοσκούρων. |
| 12 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐλθεῖν | obl | high | Genitive plural with μετά, within the infinitival clause. |
| 13 | ἔγραψε | γράφω | VERB | V--IAI3S- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, interrogative. |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔγραψε | punct | high |
πῶς δʼ ἂν ἀφικόμενος ἀναιρεθῆναι νομίζοιτο ὑπὸ Θησέως, ὅπου καὶ Ἀλκμὰν ποιήσας ᾆσμα ἐς τοὺς Διοσκούρους, ὡς Ἀθήνας ἕλοιεν καὶ τὴν Θησέως ἀγάγοιεν μητέρα αἰχμάλωτον, ὅμως Θησέα φησὶν αὐτὸν ἀπεῖναι;
Interrogative deliberative passive: νομίζοιτο governs the infinitive ἀναιρεθῆναι, with ἀφικόμενος circumstantial; ὅπου introduces the evidential subordinate clause. The final infinitive ἀπεῖναι is governed by φησίν, with αὐτόν as its accusative subject; ποιήσας is a participial modifier of the understood subject (Alcman).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πῶς | πῶς | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Int | 6 νομίζοιτο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 νομίζοιτο | cc | high | Elided form. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X-------- | _ | 6 νομίζοιτο | aux | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 4 | ἀφικόμενος | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-PAM-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 νομίζοιτο | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle; understood subject is the person questioned about. |
| 5 | ἀναιρεθῆναι | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-APN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 6 νομίζοιτο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive, passive; semantic subject is understood as accusative of νομίζω. |
| 6 | νομίζοιτο | νομίζω | VERB | V-PPM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Interrogative optative with ἄν. |
| 7 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Θησέως | case | high | |
| 8 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀναιρεθῆναι | obl:agent | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 νομίζοιτο | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὅπου | ὅπου | SCONJ | D-------- | _ | 31 φησὶν | mark | high | Locative conjunction introducing an explanatory subordinate clause. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ποιήσας | cc | medium | Connects the participial predicate to the clause. |
| 12 | Ἀλκμὰν | Ἀλκμάν | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ποιήσας | obj | low | Accusative object of ποιήσας: composing Alcman's song/text; syntactically somewhat compressed. |
| 13 | ποιήσας | ποιέω | VERB | V-SAM-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 φησὶν | advcl | medium | Aorist participle, likely with understood subject Alcman; Ἀλκμάν is construed as its object in the transmitted wording. |
| 14 | ᾆσμα | ᾆσμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ποιήσας | obj | medium | Likely object of ποιήσας; word order is compressed. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Διοσκούρους | case | high | |
| 16 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 Διοσκούρους | det | high | |
| 17 | Διοσκούρους | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ᾆσμα | obl | high | |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 φησὶν | punct | high | |
| 19 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἕλοιεν | mark | high | Introduces the content of the song. |
| 20 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἕλοιεν | obj | high | |
| 21 | ἕλοιεν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-2AA-3P | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 ᾆσμα | ccomp | high | Optative in subordinate song-content clause. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 ἀγάγοιεν | cc | high | |
| 23 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 μητέρα | det | high | |
| 24 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 μητέρα | nmod:poss | high | |
| 25 | ἀγάγοιεν | ἄγω | VERB | V-2AA-3P | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 21 ἕλοιεν | conj | high | Coordinated with ἕλοιεν; object is τὴν ... μητέρα. |
| 26 | μητέρα | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ἀγάγοιεν | obj | high | |
| 27 | αἰχμάλωτον | αἰχμάλωτος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 μητέρα | amod | high | |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 φησὶν | punct | high | |
| 29 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 31 φησὶν | advmod | high | Concessive adverb. |
| 30 | Θησέα | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 αὐτὸν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἀπεῖναι. |
| 31 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 ὅπου | acl:relcl | medium | Main predicate of the ὅπου clause; ὅπου is explanatory rather than strictly locative. |
| 32 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 33 ἀπεῖναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἀπεῖναι. |
| 33 | ἀπεῖναι | ἄπειμι | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 31 φησὶν | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by φησίν; means ‘be absent’/‘be away’. |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 νομίζοιτο | punct | high |