Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.41.6

← 1.41.51.41.7 →

Passage 1.41.6

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
67Greek tokens
2,921input tokens
5,160output tokens
Sentence 1

1.41.6 sentence 1

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φαίνεται δὲ τελευτήσαντος Νίσου καὶ τῶν πραγμάτων Μεγαρεῦσιν ἐφθαρμένων ὑπὸ τοῦτον Ἀλκάθους ἀφικόμενος τὸν καιρὸν ἐξ Ἤλιδος·

The sentence is an impersonal φαίνεται construction with a genitive absolute (τελευτήσαντος Νίσου καὶ τῶν πραγμάτων ... ἐφθαρμένων); Ἀλκάθους is genitive with ὑπό, and ἀφικόμενος agrees with the understood nominative subject of φαίνεται. The phrase τοῦτον ... τὸν καιρόν is an accusative temporal/demonstrative frame, with τοῦτον agreeing attributively with καιρόν despite intervening Ἀλκάθους.

punct advcl advcl conj cc det obl nsubj case obl cc nsubj det iobj obl det case root 1 φαίνεται φαίνομαι / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 τελευτήσαντος τελευτάω / VERB 4 Νίσου Νῖσος / PROPN 5 καὶ καί / CCONJ 6 τῶν ὁ / DET 7 πραγμάτων πρᾶγμα / NOUN 8 Μεγαρεῦσιν Μεγαρεύς / PROPN 9 ἐφθαρμένων φθείρω / VERB 10 ὑπὸ ὑπό / ADP 11 τοῦτον οὗτος / PRON 12 Ἀλκάθους Ἀλκάθοος / PROPN 13 ἀφικόμενος ἀφικνέομαι / VERB 14 τὸν ὁ / DET 15 καιρὸν καιρός / NOUN 16 ἐξ ἐκ / ADP 17 Ἤλιδος Ἦλις / PROPN 18 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1φαίνεταιφαίνομαιVERBV-PII-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighImpersonal/main predicate; middle form with intransitive ‘appear/seem’ sense.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_1 φαίνεταιcchighPostpositive connective.
3τελευτήσαντοςτελευτάωVERBV-APA-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act9 ἐφθαρμένωνadvclhighPart of genitive absolute.
4ΝίσουΝῖσοςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 τελευτήσαντοςnsubjhighGenitive-absolutive subject.
5καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_9 ἐφθαρμένωνcchighCoordinates the two genitive-absolute participles.
6τῶνDETT-GPNCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur7 πραγμάτωνdethighArticle modifying πραγμάτων.
7πραγμάτωνπρᾶγμαNOUNN-GPNCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur9 ἐφθαρμένωνnsubjhighSecond genitive-absolutive subject.
8ΜεγαρεῦσινΜεγαρεύςPROPNN-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 ἐφθαρμένωνiobjmediumDative of reference: ‘for the Megarians’; could be analyzed as oblique argument of ἐφθαρμένων.
9ἐφθαρμένωνφθείρωVERBV-RPP-GPNCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass3 τελευτήσαντοςconjhighPerfect passive participle coordinated with τελευτήσαντος in genitive absolute.
10ὑπὸὑπόADPPREP_12 ἈλκάθουςcasehighAgent preposition governing genitive.
11τοῦτονοὗτοςPROND-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 καιρὸνdetmediumDemonstrative agreeing with καιρόν; syntactically separated by the ὑπό phrase.
12ἈλκάθουςἈλκάθοοςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ἀφικόμενοςoblhighGenitive object of ὑπό, agent of the destruction.
13ἀφικόμενοςἀφικνέομαιVERBV-AMP-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid1 φαίνεταιadvclmediumCircumstantial participle, nominative masculine singular, agreeing with an understood subject of φαίνεται.
14τὸνDETT-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 καιρὸνdethighArticle modifying καιρόν.
15καιρὸνκαιρόςNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ἀφικόμενοςoblmediumAccusative temporal/frame expression with ἀφικόμενος; τοῦτον is its demonstrative modifier.
16ἐξἐκADPPREP_17 ἬλιδοςcasehighPreposition governing genitive.
17ἬλιδοςἮλιςPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 ἀφικόμενοςoblhighPlace of origin with ἀφικόμενος.
18··PUNCT__1 φαίνεταιpuncthighSentence punctuation.
Sentence 2

1.41.6 sentence 2

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μαρτύριον δέ μοι·

Elliptical phrase: μαρτύριον is an accusative predicate/object-like noun, with δέ coordinating or marking continuation; μοι is a dative of reference. The omitted verb is uncertain.

punct iobj discourse root 1 μαρτύριον μαρτύριον / NOUN 2 δέ δέ / CCONJ 3 μοι ἐγώ / PRON 4 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1μαρτύριονμαρτύριονNOUN----Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing0 ROOTroothighNominal predicate or elliptical accusative construction; omitted verb is not recoverable from this fragment.
2δέδέCCONJ--------_1 μαρτύριονdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
3μοιἐγώPRONRPDSCase=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs1 μαρτύριονiobjhighFirst-person singular dative pronoun, likely dative of reference.
4··PUNCT__1 μαρτύριονpuncthigh
Sentence 4

1.41.6 sentence 4

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Ἀλκάθου μὲν καὶ τοῦ λέοντος, εἴτε ἐν τῷ Κιθαιρῶνι αὐτὸν εἴτε καὶ ἑτέρωθι ἀποκτείνας ναὸν Ἀγροτέρας Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος ἐποίησεν Ἀγραίου, ἐς τοσόνδε ἔστω μνήμη·

The opening genitives form the topic of μνήμη; ἀποκτείνας is a concessive/temporal participle with implicit subject (likely Alcathous), while ἐποίησεν governs ναόν and the coordinated genitives Ἀρτέμιδος/Ἀπόλλωνος. The coordination with εἴτε...εἴτε... is syntactically somewhat compressed.

nmod mark advcl punct obl obj advcl conj obj cc case mark nmod conj appos punct obl punct discourse det det cc obl amod cc case nsubj root 1 Ἀλκάθου Ἀλκάθοος / PROPN 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 τοῦ ὁ / DET 5 λέοντος λέων / NOUN 6 , , / PUNCT 7 εἴτε εἴτε / SCONJ 8 ἐν ἐν / ADP 9 τῷ ὁ / DET 10 Κιθαιρῶνι Κιθαιρών / PROPN 11 αὐτὸν αὐτός / PRON 12 εἴτε εἴτε / SCONJ 13 καὶ καί / CCONJ 14 ἑτέρωθι ἕτερος / ADV 15 ἀποκτείνας ἀποκτείνω / VERB 16 ναὸν ναός / NOUN 17 Ἀγροτέρας ἀγρότερος / ADJ 18 Ἀρτέμιδος Ἄρτεμις / PROPN 19 καὶ καί / CCONJ 20 Ἀπόλλωνος Ἀπόλλων / PROPN 21 ἐποίησεν ποιέω / VERB 22 Ἀγραίου Ἀγραῖος / ADJ 23 , , / PUNCT 24 ἐς εἰς / ADP 25 τοσόνδε τοσόσδε / ADJ 26 ἔστω εἰμί / AUX 27 μνήμη μνήμη / NOUN 28 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἈλκάθουἈλκάθοοςPROPNN-s---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing27 μνήμηnmodhighGenitive topic/association with μνήμη.
2μὲνμένPARTDf_1 Ἀλκάθουdiscoursehigh
3καὶκαίCCONJC--------_1 ἈλκάθουcchighCoordinates the two genitive topics.
4τοῦDETL---gsm-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 λέοντοςdethigh
5λέοντοςλέωνNOUNN---gsm-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 ἈλκάθουconjhighSecond genitive topic coordinated with Ἀλκάθου.
6,,PUNCTU--------_1 Ἀλκάθουpuncthigh
7εἴτεεἴτεSCONJC--------_15 ἀποκτείναςmarkhighFirst member of εἴτε...εἴτε.
8ἐνἐνADPR--------_10 Κιθαιρῶνιcasehigh
9τῷDETL---dsm-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 Κιθαιρῶνιdethigh
10ΚιθαιρῶνιΚιθαιρώνPROPNN---dsm-Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 ἀποκτείναςoblhighLocative ἐν-phrase.
11αὐτὸναὐτόςPRONP-----ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=315 ἀποκτείναςobjhighObject of ἀποκτείνας.
12εἴτεεἴτεSCONJC--------_14 ἑτέρωθιmarkhighSecond member of εἴτε...εἴτε.
13καὶκαίCCONJC--------_14 ἑτέρωθιcchighAdverbial/intensifying καί with ἑτέρωθι.
14ἑτέρωθιἕτεροςADVD--------_15 ἀποκτείναςoblmediumAdverbial locative, ‘elsewhere’; coordinated semantically with ἐν τῷ Κιθαιρῶνι.
15ἀποκτείναςἀποκτείνωVERBV---sapamnCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act21 ἐποίησενadvclmediumAorist participle; implicit subject is not overt and is understood from context.
16ναὸνναόςNOUNN---asm-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing21 ἐποίησενobjhigh
17ἈγροτέραςἀγρότεροςADJA---gf-sCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing18 ἈρτέμιδοςamodhighEpithet agreeing with Ἀρτέμιδος.
18ἈρτέμιδοςἌρτεμιςPROPNN---gf-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 ναὸνnmodhighDivine genitive dependent on ναόν.
19καὶκαίCCONJC--------_20 Ἀπόλλωνοςcchigh
20ἈπόλλωνοςἈπόλλωνPROPNN---gm-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 ἈρτέμιδοςconjhighCoordinated divine genitive.
21ἐποίησενποιέωVERBV---saa--Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act26 ἔστωadvclhighFinite verb in the subordinate/topic-setting clause before the main imperative-like expression.
22ἈγραίουἈγραῖοςADJA---gm-sCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 ἈπόλλωνοςapposmediumLikely epithet of Apollo, agreeing with Ἀπόλλωνος.
23,,PUNCTU--------_21 ἐποίησενpuncthigh
24ἐςεἰςADPR--------_25 τοσόνδεcasehigh
25τοσόνδετοσόσδεADJA---asn-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing27 μνήμηoblhighAccusative extent/degree with μνήμη.
26ἔστωεἰμίAUXVmpa3sMood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain third-person imperative, ‘let there be/remain’.
27μνήμημνήμηNOUNN---nsm-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing26 ἔστωnsubjhighSubject of ἔστω.
28··PUNCTU--------_26 ἔστωpuncthigh
Sentence 6

1.41.6 sentence 6

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καὶ ὅτι μὲν ἐτάφη Πανδίων ἐν Αἰθυίας Ἀθηνᾶς καλουμένῳ σκοπέλῳ, δεδήλωκεν ὁ λόγος ἤδη μοι·

The ὅτι-clause is a fronted content clause, marked by μὲν and functioning as the object/content of δεδήλωκεν; ἐν Αἰθυίας Ἀθηνᾶς καλουμένῳ σκοπέλῳ is a locative phrase, with καλουμένῳ agreeing with σκοπέλῳ. The final μοι is a dative of the interested person with δεδήλωκεν.

cc ccomp obl punct case iobj advmod mark nmod nsubj discourse nsubj:pass nmod acl punct det root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 ὅτι ὅτι / SCONJ 3 μὲν μέν / PART 4 ἐτάφη θάπτω / VERB 5 Πανδίων Πανδίων / PROPN 6 ἐν ἐν / ADP 7 Αἰθυίας Αἰθυία / PROPN 8 Ἀθηνᾶς Ἀθηνᾶ / PROPN 9 καλουμένῳ καλέω / VERB 10 σκοπέλῳ σκοπέλος / NOUN 11 , , / PUNCT 12 δεδήλωκεν δηλόω / VERB 13 ὁ / DET 14 λόγος λόγος / NOUN 15 ἤδη ἤδη / ADV 16 μοι ἐγώ / PRON 17 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_12 δεδήλωκενcchigh
2ὅτιὅτιSCONJCONJ_4 ἐτάφηmarkhighIntroduces the content clause.
3μὲνμένPARTPRT_4 ἐτάφηdiscoursehighCorrelative particle; the expected δέ is absent or follows outside the excerpt.
4ἐτάφηθάπτωVERBV-API-3SMood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive12 δεδήλωκενccomphighPassive aorist of θάπτω, 'was buried'.
5ΠανδίωνΠανδίωνPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ἐτάφηnsubj:passhigh
6ἐνἐνADPPREP_10 σκοπέλῳcasehigh
7ΑἰθυίαςΑἰθυίαPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἈθηνᾶςnmodmediumGenitive dependent on Ἀθηνᾶς, likely a place-name or cult designation.
8ἈθηνᾶςἈθηνᾶPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 σκοπέλῳnmodhighGenitive modifier within the place designation.
9καλουμένῳκαλέωVERBV-PPM-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass10 σκοπέλῳaclhighPresent passive participle, agreeing with σκοπέλῳ.
10σκοπέλῳσκοπέλοςNOUNN-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ἐτάφηoblhighDative governed by ἐν.
11,,PUNCTPUNCT_12 δεδήλωκενpuncthigh
12δεδήλωκενδηλόωVERBV-RAI-3SMood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
13DETT-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 λόγοςdethigh
14λόγοςλόγοςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 δεδήλωκενnsubjhigh
15ἤδηἤδηADVADV_12 δεδήλωκενadvmodhigh
16μοιἐγώPRONP-1DSCase=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs12 δεδήλωκενiobjhighDative of the interested person ('to me').
17··PUNCTPUNCT_12 δεδήλωκενpuncthigh
← 1.41.51.41.7 →