Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.42.1

← 1.41.91.42.2 →

Passage 1.42.1

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
46Greek tokens
2,158input tokens
3,597output tokens
Sentence 2

1.42.1 sentence 2

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ἐς ταύτην τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἀνιοῦσίν ἐστιν ἐν δεξιᾷ Μεγαρέως μνῆμα, ὃς κατὰ τὴν ἐπιστρατείαν τῶν Κρητῶν ξύμμαχός σφισιν ἦλθεν ἐξ Ὀγχηστοῦ.

The sentence has an existential construction: μνῆμα is the subject of ἐστιν, with ἐν δεξιᾷ as locative phrase; ἀνιοῦσιν is a substantivized/elliptical dative plural participial form, interpreted as ‘for those going up’. The relative clause modifies Μεγαρέως μνῆμα; ξύμμαχος is a predicate nominative with ἦλθεν.

punct acl:relcl nsubj obl nsubj case det obl case nmod xcomp obl det obl obl case nmod punct det det obl case root 1 ἐς εἰς / ADP 2 ταύτην οὗτος / DET 3 τὴν ὁ / DET 4 ἀκρόπολιν ἀκρόπολις / NOUN 5 ἀνιοῦσίν ἄνειμι / VERB 6 ἐστιν εἰμί / AUX 7 ἐν ἐν / ADP 8 δεξιᾷ δεξιός / ADJ 9 Μεγαρέως Μεγαρεύς / PROPN 10 μνῆμα μνῆμα / NOUN 11 , , / PUNCT 12 ὃς ὅς / PRON 13 κατὰ κατά / ADP 14 τὴν ὁ / DET 15 ἐπιστρατείαν ἐπιστρατεία / NOUN 16 τῶν ὁ / DET 17 Κρητῶν Κρής / PROPN 18 ξύμμαχός σύμμαχος / NOUN 19 σφισιν σφεῖς / PRON 20 ἦλθεν ἔρχομαι / VERB 21 ἐξ ἐκ / ADP 22 Ὀγχηστοῦ Ὀγχηστός / PROPN 23 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐςεἰςADPPREPAdpType=Prep4 ἀκρόπολινcasehigh
2ταύτηνοὗτοςDETPD-AF-S3Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem4 ἀκρόπολινdethigh
3τὴνDETT-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art4 ἀκρόπολινdethigh
4ἀκρόπολινἀκρόπολιςNOUNN-AFSCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing5 ἀνιοῦσίνoblhighObject of motion with ἐς.
5ἀνιοῦσίνἄνειμιVERBV-PAP-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act6 ἐστινoblmediumLikely substantivized dative plural participle, ‘for those going up’; form may reflect textual/orthographic variation.
6ἐστινεἰμίAUXV-PXI3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighExistential verb.
7ἐνἐνADPPREPAdpType=Prep8 δεξιᾷcasehigh
8δεξιᾷδεξιόςADJA-DFSCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 ἐστινoblhighSubstantivized adjective, ‘on the right’.
9ΜεγαρέωςΜεγαρεύςPROPNN-GMSCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 μνῆμαnmodhighGenitive dependent on μνῆμα.
10μνῆμαμνῆμαNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 ἐστινnsubjhigh
11,,PUNCT__10 μνῆμαpuncthigh
12ὃςὅςPRONP-RNSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel20 ἦλθενnsubjhighRelative pronoun; antecedent is Μεγαρεύς, not the neuter μνῆμα.
13κατὰκατάADPPREPAdpType=Prep15 ἐπιστρατείανcasehigh
14τὴνDETT-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art15 ἐπιστρατείανdethigh
15ἐπιστρατείανἐπιστρατείαNOUNN-AFSCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 ἦλθενoblhighκατά with accusative denotes the time/context ‘during’.
16τῶνDETT-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art17 Κρητῶνdethigh
17ΚρητῶνΚρήςPROPNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur15 ἐπιστρατείανnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἐπιστρατείαν.
18ξύμμαχόςσύμμαχοςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 ἦλθενxcomphighPredicate nominative with ἦλθεν.
19σφισινσφεῖςPRONP-DPDCase=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs18 ξύμμαχόςoblhighDative of association with ξύμμαχος.
20ἦλθενἔρχομαιVERBV-2AAI3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act10 μνῆμαacl:relclhighAorist form of ἔρχομαι.
21ἐξἐκADPPREPAdpType=Prep22 Ὀγχηστοῦcasehigh
22ὈγχηστοῦὈγχηστόςPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 ἦλθενoblhighPlace name; feminine genitive assumed.
23..PUNCT__6 ἐστινpuncthigh
Sentence 3

1.42.1 sentence 3

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δείκνυται δὲ καὶ ἑστία θεῶν Προδομέων καλουμένων·

The sentence has a postposed subject ἑστία θεῶν, with Προδομέων καλουμένων as a genitive descriptive participial phrase; the exact attachment of καλουμένων may be read with the genitive group name.

punct nsubj acl cc cc nmod obl root 1 δείκνυται δείκνυμι / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 ἑστία ἑστία / NOUN 5 θεῶν θεός / NOUN 6 Προδομέων Προδομεύς / PROPN 7 καλουμένων καλέω / VERB 8 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1δείκνυταιδείκνυμιVERBV-PII-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighImpersonal/passive-looking middle: ‘is shown’; subject follows.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_1 δείκνυταιcchigh
3καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_4 ἑστίαcchighCoordinates/adds the following subject phrase.
4ἑστίαἑστίαNOUNN-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 δείκνυταιnsubjhigh
5θεῶνθεόςNOUNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur4 ἑστίαnmodhighGenitive dependent on ἑστία.
6ΠροδομέωνΠροδομεύςPROPNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur7 καλουμένωνoblmediumEthnic/divine group name; genitive with καλουμένων.
7καλουμένωνκαλέωVERBV-PMP-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass5 θεῶνaclmediumGenitive participle agreeing with Προδομέων, likely ‘called Προδομεῖς’; its phrase specifies θεῶν.
8··PUNCT__1 δείκνυταιpuncthigh
Sentence 4

1.42.1 sentence 4

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θῦσαι δέ σφισιν Ἀλκάθουν λέγουσι πρῶτον, ὅτε τῆς οἰκοδομίας τοῦ τείχους ἔμελλεν ἄρχεσθαι.

The sentence reports that they say Alcathous was sacrificed first; the ὅτε-clause gives the time when he was about to begin the wall’s construction.

punct advcl advmod mark xcomp cc obj obl iobj punct nmod det det xcomp root 1 θῦσαι θύω / VERB 2 δέ δέ / CCONJ 3 σφισιν σφεῖς / PRON 4 Ἀλκάθουν Ἀλκάθοος / PROPN 5 λέγουσι λέγω / VERB 6 πρῶτον πρῶτος / ADV 7 , , / PUNCT 8 ὅτε ὅτε / SCONJ 9 τῆς ὁ / DET 10 οἰκοδομίας οἰκοδομία / NOUN 11 τοῦ ὁ / DET 12 τείχους τεῖχος / NOUN 13 ἔμελλεν μέλλω / VERB 14 ἄρχεσθαι ἄρχομαι / VERB 15 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1θῦσαιθύωVERBV--AMN----Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act5 λέγουσιxcomphighInfinitive dependent on λέγουσι, with implicit subject and object Ἀλκάθουν.
2δέδέCCONJC-----_5 λέγουσιcchigh
3σφισινσφεῖςPRONP---3PD---Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs5 λέγουσιiobjmediumDative of the people to whom the tradition is attributed or for whom the sacrifice is performed.
4ἈλκάθουνἈλκάθοοςPROPNNb---ASM---Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 θῦσαιobjhighAccusative object of θῦσαι.
5λέγουσιλέγωVERBV-PAI-3P---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
6πρῶτονπρῶτοςADVA---ASM---Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 θῦσαιadvmodmediumAdverbial accusative, modifying the event of θῦσαι.
7,,PUNCT__5 λέγουσιpuncthigh
8ὅτεὅτεSCONJC-----_13 ἔμελλενmarkhighIntroduces a temporal subordinate clause.
9τῆςDET----GSF---Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art10 οἰκοδομίαςdethigh
10οἰκοδομίαςοἰκοδομίαNOUNN---GSF---Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 ἔμελλενoblhighGenitive dependent on ἄρχεσθαι: beginning the building.
11τοῦDET----GSN---Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art12 τείχουςdethigh
12τείχουςτεῖχοςNOUNN---GSN---Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing10 οἰκοδομίαςnmodhighGenitive dependent on οἰκοδομία, specifying what was built.
13ἔμελλενμέλλωVERBV-IAI-3S---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act5 λέγουσιadvclhighTemporal subordinate-clause predicate; implicit subject is Ἀλκάθουν.
14ἄρχεσθαιἄρχομαιVERBV-PMN----Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid13 ἔμελλενxcomphighComplementary infinitive of ἔμελλεν; middle voice means ‘begin’.
15..PUNCT__5 λέγουσιpuncthigh
← 1.41.91.42.2 →