Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 1.42.3

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Passage 1.42.3

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3sentences parsed

75Greek tokens

2,422input tokens

5,545output tokens

Sentence 2

1.42.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 21
Input: 760
Output: 1,615
Total: 2,375

ἐν Θήβαις ταῖς Αἰγυπτίαις, διαβᾶσι τὸν Νεῖλον πρὸς τὰς Σύριγγας καλουμένας, εἶδον ἔτι καθήμενον ἄγαλμα ἠχοῦν---

Ἐν Θήβαις ταῖς Αἰγυπτίαις is a locative phrase; διαβᾶσι is a dative plural participle agreeing with the understood visitors and governing τὸν Νεῖλον. εἶδον is the finite root verb; καθήμενον and ἠχοῦν modify ἄγαλμα, with ἠχοῦν likely a predicative/attributive participle.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	2 Θήβαις	case	high
2	Θήβαις	Θῆβαι	PROPN	Nb------dp	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	14 εἶδον	obl	high	Locative plural.
3	ταῖς	ὁ	DET	S----D-P-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	4 Αἰγυπτίαις	det	high
4	Αἰγυπτίαις	Αἰγύπτιος	ADJ	A--D-F-P-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	2 Θήβαις	amod	high	Agrees with Θήβαις.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 εἶδον	punct	high
6	διαβᾶσι	διαβαίνω	VERB	V--DPA-P-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	14 εἶδον	advcl	medium	Dative participle, likely referring to the travelers/visitors; exact antecedent is elided.
7	τὸν	ὁ	DET	S----A-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 Νεῖλον	det	high
8	Νεῖλον	Νεῖλος	PROPN	Nb----A-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 διαβᾶσι	obj	high
9	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	11 Σύριγγας	case	high
10	τὰς	ὁ	DET	S----A-P-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	11 Σύριγγας	det	high
11	Σύριγγας	Σύριγξ	PROPN	Nb----A-P-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	6 διαβᾶσι	obl	medium	Destination/reference phrase with πρός; capitalization indicates the named site.
12	καλουμένας	καλέω	VERB	V--PPM-P-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	11 Σύριγγας	acl	high	Agrees with Σύριγγας.
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 εἶδον	punct	high
14	εἶδον	ὁράω	VERB	V-IAI-1S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Form can also be read as 3rd plural; context favors 1st singular with Pausanias as subject.
15	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D--------	_	16 καθήμενον	advmod	high
16	καθήμενον	κάθημαι	VERB	V-PNP-A-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	17 ἄγαλμα	acl	medium	Perfect/deponent lexical behavior; form agrees with ἄγαλμα.
17	ἄγαλμα	ἄγαλμα	NOUN	Nb----A-S-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 εἶδον	obj	high
18	ἠχοῦν	ἠχέω	VERB	V-PP-A-S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	17 ἄγαλμα	acl	medium	Agrees with ἄγαλμα; may be interpreted as a second participial modifier or predicative complement.
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 εἶδον	punct	high
20	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 εἶδον	punct	high
21	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 εἶδον	punct	high

Sentence 3

1.42.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 18
Input: 750
Output: 1,337
Total: 2,087

Μέμνονα ὀνομάζουσιν οἱ πολλοί, τοῦτον γάρ φασιν ἐξ Αἰθιοπίας ὁρμηθῆναι ἐς Αἴγυπτον καὶ τὴν ἄχρι Σούσων·

Μέμνονα is the accusative object of ὀνομάζουσιν; τοῦτον is the accusative subject of the infinitive ὁρμηθῆναι under φασιν. The final καὶ τὴν ἄχρι Σούσων is an elliptical coordinated destination phrase, with τὴν understood as referring to χώραν/πορείαν; syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Μέμνονα	Μέμνων	PROPN	N----ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	2 ὀνομάζουσιν	obj	high
2	ὀνομάζουσιν	ὀνομάζω	VERB	V-PAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
3	οἱ	ὁ	DET	P---NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 πολλοί	det	high
4	πολλοί	πολύς	ADJ	A----NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	2 ὀνομάζουσιν	nsubj	high	Substantivized adjective: 'the many'.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	2 ὀνομάζουσιν	punct	high
6	τοῦτον	οὗτος	PRON	P---ASM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ὁρμηθῆναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the complementary infinitive.
7	γάρ	γάρ	PART	G--------	_	8 φασιν	discourse	high	Explanatory particle; normalized UD relation would be discourse.
8	φασιν	φημί	VERB	V-PAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	2 ὀνομάζουσιν	parataxis	high	Introduces reported infinitival content.
9	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	10 Αἰθιοπίας	case	high
10	Αἰθιοπίας	Αἰθιοπία	PROPN	N----GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ὁρμηθῆναι	obl	high	Point of departure.
11	ὁρμηθῆναι	ὁρμάω	VERB	V-AAN-	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	8 φασιν	xcomp	high	Aorist passive infinitive, with intransitive/deponent-like sense 'set out'.
12	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	13 Αἴγυπτον	case	high
13	Αἴγυπτον	Αἴγυπτος	PROPN	N----ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 ὁρμηθῆναι	obl	high	Destination.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	15 τὴν	cc	medium	Coordinates the following elliptical destination phrase.
15	τὴν	ὁ	DET	P---ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ἄχρι	det	medium	Article in an elliptical phrase; modified noun is understood.
16	ἄχρι	ἄχρι	ADP	R--------	_	17 Σούσων	case	high	Preposition governing genitive.
17	Σούσων	Σοῦσα	PROPN	N----GPF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	15 τὴν	nmod	medium	Genitive plural of Σοῦσαι; destination phrase is elliptical.
18	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	2 ὀνομάζουσιν	punct	high

Sentence 6

1.42.3 sentence 6

Tokens: 36
Input: 912
Output: 2,593
Total: 3,505

καὶ νῦν ὁπόσον ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἐς μέσον σῶμά ἐστιν ἀπερριμμένον, τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν κάθηταί τε καὶ ἀνὰ πᾶσαν ἡμέραν ἀνίσχοντος ἡλίου βοᾷ, καὶ τὸν ἦχον μάλιστα εἰκάσει τις κιθάρας ἢ λύρας ῥαγείσης χορδῆς.

The relative quantity clause ὁπόσον ... ἀπερριμμένον is a predicative nominative/accusative-like neuter quantity expression with ἐστιν; τὸ λοιπὸν is the subject of κάθηται and βοᾷ. ἀνίσχοντος ἡλίου is a genitive absolute. In the final clause, τὸν ἦχον is object of εἰκάσει, with κιθάρας/λύρας and ῥαγείσης χορδῆς expressing the comparison; the attachment of ἢ is semantically elliptical.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 κάθηταί	cc	high
2	νῦν	νῦν	ADV	ADV	_	15 κάθηταί	advmod	high
3	ὁπόσον	ὁπόσος	PRON	AP-N--AS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	10 ἀπερριμμένον	nsubj	medium	Neuter relative quantity expression; formally may be read as an accusative extent phrase.
4	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	5 κεφαλῆς	case	high
5	κεφαλῆς	κεφαλή	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 μέσον	obl	high
6	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	7 μέσον	case	high
7	μέσον	μέσος	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἀπερριμμένον	obl	high	Substantivized neuter, 'to the middle'.
8	σῶμά	σῶμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἀπερριμμένον	nsubj:pass	medium	Could alternatively be construed as an accusative extent/body complement in the relative clause.
9	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PすA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	10 ἀπερριμμένον	aux:pass	medium	Existential/copular εἰμί with participial predicate.
10	ἀπερριμμένον	ἀπορρίπτω	VERB	V-RPP-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	15 κάθηταί	acl:relcl	medium	Perfect passive participle; relative clause predicate.
11	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	15 κάθηταί	punct	high
12	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 λοιπὸν	det	high
13	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 κάθηταί	cc	high
14	λοιπὸν	λοιπός	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 κάθηταί	nsubj	high	Substantivized: 'the remaining part'.
15	κάθηταί	κάθημαι	VERB	V-PNI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
16	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 κάθηταί	cc	high
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	23 βοᾷ	cc	high
18	ἀνὰ	ἀνά	ADP	PREP	_	20 ἡμέραν	case	high
19	πᾶσαν	πᾶς	ADJ	A-ASF	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἡμέραν	amod	high
20	ἡμέραν	ἡμέρα	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 βοᾷ	obl	high	Duration/frequency phrase with ἀνά.
21	ἀνίσχοντος	ἀνέχω	VERB	V-PAP-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	22 ἡλίου	acl	high	Part of genitive absolute.
22	ἡλίου	ἥλιος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 βοᾷ	obl:agent	medium	Genitive absolute subject; syntactically dependent on the participle.
23	βοᾷ	βοάω	VERB	V-PIA-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	15 κάθηταί	conj	high
24	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	23 βοᾷ	punct	high
25	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 εἰκάσει	cc	high
26	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	27 ἦχον	det	high
27	ἦχον	ἦχος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 εἰκάσει	obj	high
28	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	ADV	Degree=Sup	29 εἰκάσει	advmod	high
29	εἰκάσει	εἰκάζω	VERB	V-FAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Fut\|Voice=Act	15 κάθηταί	conj	high
30	τις	τις	PRON	PX-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	29 εἰκάσει	nsubj	high
31	κιθάρας	κιθάρα	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	34 ῥαγείσης	nmod	medium	Genitive comparison/source construction.
32	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	31 κιθάρας	cc	medium	Coordinates the alternative instrument phrase.
33	λύρας	λύρα	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 κιθάρας	conj	medium
34	ῥαγείσης	ῥήγνυμι	VERB	V-APP-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	35 χορδῆς	acl	high	Agrees with χορδῆς; passive aorist participle.
35	χορδῆς	χορδή	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 εἰκάσει	nmod	medium	Genitive noun governed by the implied comparison construction; ῥαγείσης modifies it.
36	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	15 κάθηταί	punct	high

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