Grammar parses for passage 1.42.4
Open translation for this passage
Μεγαρεῦσι δὲ ἔστι μὲν βουλευτήριον, Τιμάλκου δὲ ἦν ποτε ὡς λέγουσι τάφος, ὃν πρότερον ὀλίγον τούτων οὐκ ἔφην ὑπὸ Θησέως ἀποθανεῖν.
The sentence has two main clauses with ellipsis-like coordination (ἔστι...; ἦν...) and an embedded report marked by ὡς λέγουσι inside the δεύτερος clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεγαρεῦσι | Μεγαρεύς | PROPN | NOUN- dat pl masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἔστι | obl | high | Dative of reference/possessor with ἔστι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-3spia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause verb. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἔστι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 5 | βουλευτήριον | βουλευτήριον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Predicate/appositional nominative with ἔστι. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | Τιμάλκου | Τίμαλκος | PROPN | NOUN- gen sg masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 τάφος | nmod | high | Genitive modifying τάφος. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | discourse | high | Connective particle. |
| 9 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-3sia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 13 τάφος | cop | high | Copula in the explanatory clause. |
| 10 | ποτε | ποτέ | ADV | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 11 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 12 λέγουσι | mark | high | Introduces reported speech / manner clause. |
| 12 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3ppia | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 τάφος | advcl | medium | Parenthetical report 'as they say'. |
| 13 | τάφος | τάφος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject/complement of ἦν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 τάφος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 20 ἔφην | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to τάφος. |
| 16 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | _ | _ | 20 ἔφην | advmod | high | Temporal/comparative adverb. |
| 17 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἔφην | advmod | medium | Accusative of extent/degree; modification somewhat uncertain. |
| 18 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 17 ὀλίγον | nmod | medium | Genitive with ποσόν/extent phrase, likely 'of these'. |
| 19 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 20 ἔφην | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 20 | ἔφην | φημί | VERB | V-1sia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Reported-speech verb governing infinitive. |
| 21 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 22 Θησέως | case | high | Preposition. |
| 22 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | NOUN- gen sg masc | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἀποθανεῖν | obl | high | Agent in passive infinitive construction. |
| 23 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V--ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 ἔφην | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of φημί. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔφην | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ᾠκοδόμηται δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ κορυφῇ τῆς ἀκροπόλεως ναὸς Ραθηνᾶς, ἄγαλμα δέ ἐστιν ἐπίχρυσον πλὴν χειρῶν καὶ ἄκρων ποδῶν· ταῦτα δὲ καὶ τὸ πρόσωπόν ἐστιν ἐλέφαντος.
Three coordinated clauses: a passive perfect with a locative PP, then two ἐστιν clauses describing the statue and its features; the genitive material phrase ἐλέφαντος is syntactically ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ᾠκοδόμηται | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-PE-M/P-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ᾠκοδόμηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 5 κορυφῇ | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 κορυφῇ | det | high | Article modifying κορυφῇ. |
| 5 | κορυφῇ | κορυφή | NOUN | N-SF-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ᾠκοδόμηται | obl | high | Locative oblique complement of ᾠκοδόμηται. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἀκροπόλεως | det | high | Article modifying ἀκροπόλεως. |
| 7 | ἀκροπόλεως | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N-SF-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κορυφῇ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of κορυφῇ. |
| 8 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N-SM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ᾠκοδόμηται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of passive perfect. |
| 9 | Ραθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-? | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ναὸς | nmod | low | Proper name in genitive; spelling in token suggests Athena. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ᾠκοδόμηται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NS-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν in second clause. |
| 12 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 13 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ᾠκοδόμηται | conj | high | Coordinated clause with implicit coordination after comma. |
| 14 | ἐπίχρυσον | ἐπίχρυσος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἄγαλμα | amod | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with ἄγαλμα. |
| 15 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | _ | _ | 16 χειρῶν | case | medium | Exceptive preposition taking genitive. |
| 16 | χειρῶν | χείρ | NOUN | N-PF-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἐπίχρυσον | obl | high | Exceptive phrase dependent on ἐπίχρυσον. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἄκρων | cc | high | Coordinates genitive nouns. |
| 18 | ἄκρων | ἄκρος | ADJ | A-PG-N | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 χειρῶν | conj | high | Genitive substantive modifying χειρῶν by coordination. |
| 19 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-PM-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἄκρων | nmod | high | Dependent genitive with ἄκρων. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ᾠκοδόμηται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 21 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | P-APNN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 26 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν in final clause. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 26 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 τὸ | cc | high | Links coordinated predicates. |
| 24 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 πρόσωπόν | det | high | Article modifying πρόσωπόν. |
| 25 | πρόσωπόν | πρόσωπον | NOUN | N-NS-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject/predicative topic in final clause. |
| 26 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated ἐστιν clause. |
| 27 | ἐλέφαντος | ἐλέφας | NOUN | N-SM-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicate genitive expressing material; analysis somewhat uncertain. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ ἕτερον ἐνταῦθα ἱερὸν Ἀθηνᾶς πεποίηται καλουμένης Νίκης καὶ ἄλλο Αἰαντίδος·
The clause has a single finite verb with two coordinated object phrases; the participle καλουμένης most naturally modifies Νίκης.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 πεποίηται | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking the two coordinated objects. |
| 2 | ἕτερον | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NEUT-S--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἱερὸν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἱερὸν. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 6 πεποίηται | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying the verbal phrase. |
| 4 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 πεποίηται | obj | high | Direct object of πεποίηται. |
| 5 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Dependent genitive specifying the shrine. |
| 6 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-3SRIP-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb; perfect middle/passive form with resultative sense. |
| 7 | καλουμένης | καλέω | VERB | V-SPPMFG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 Νίκης | amod | medium | Participle agreeing with Νίκης; could be taken as a participial modifier in apposition. |
| 8 | Νίκης | Νίκη | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἱερὸν, with participial modifier. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 πεποίηται | cc | high | Second coordinating conjunction. |
| 10 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NEUT-S--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἱερὸν | conj | high | Second coordinated adjective/noun phrase with ἕτερον. |
| 11 | Αἰαντίδος | Αἰαντίς | PROPN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἄλλο | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄλλο/ἱερὸν, indicating possession or dedication. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 πεποίηται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Τελαμὼν ὁ Αἰακοῦ θυγατρὶ Ἀλκάθου Περιβοίᾳ συνῴκησεν· Αἴαντα οὖν τὴν ἀρχὴν τὴν Ἀλκάθου διαδεξάμενον ποιῆσαι τὸ ἄγαλμα ἡγοῦμαι τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς.
The second clause is syntactically compressed: Αἴαντα is the accusative subject/object associated with the participle διαδεξάμενον, while ποιῆσαι τὸ ἄγαλμα functions as the infinitival complement of ἡγοῦμαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τελαμὼν | Τελαμών | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 7 συνῴκησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of συνῴκησεν. |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 1 Τελαμὼν | det | high | Article modifying Τελαμών. |
| 3 | Αἰακοῦ | Αἰακός | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 θυγατρὶ | nmod | high | Genitive modifying θυγατρὶ. |
| 4 | θυγατρὶ | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 συνῴκησεν | obl | medium | Dative of association/possession with Τελαμών; likely dependent on συνῴκησεν. |
| 5 | Ἀλκάθου | Ἀλκάθος | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 θυγατρὶ | nmod | high | Genitive modifying θυγατρὶ. |
| 6 | Περιβοίᾳ | Περιβοία | PROPN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 4 θυγατρὶ | nmod | medium | Appositional or specifying dative with θυγατρὶ; name of the woman. |
| 7 | συνῴκησεν | συνοικέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 συνῴκησεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | Αἴαντα | Αἴας | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 19 ἡγοῦμαι | obj | high | Object of ἡγοῦμαι within infinitival complement. |
| 10 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | _ | _ | 19 ἡγοῦμαι | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 12 ἀρχὴν | det | high | Article modifying ἀρχὴν. |
| 12 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 16 ποιῆσαι | obj | high | Object/accusative subject of διαδεξάμενον in infinitival clause. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 14 Ἀλκάθου | det | high | Article modifying Ἀλκάθου. |
| 14 | Ἀλκάθου | Ἀλκάθος | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 12 ἀρχὴν | nmod | high | Genitive limiting ἀρχὴν. |
| 15 | διαδεξάμενον | διαδέχομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Middle | 9 Αἴαντα | acl | high | Participial modifier of Αἴαντα. |
| 16 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Active | 19 ἡγοῦμαι | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἡγοῦμαι. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 18 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 18 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 16 ποιῆσαι | obj | high | Object of ποιῆσαι. |
| 19 | ἡγοῦμαι | ἡγέομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=1|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 21 Ἀθηνᾶς | det | high | Article modifying Ἀθηνᾶς. |
| 21 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 18 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄγαλμα. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἡγοῦμαι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |