Grammar parses for passage 1.42.5
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ δὲ Ἀπόλλωνος πλίνθου μὲν ἦν ὁ ἀρχαῖος ναός· ὕστερον δὲ βασιλεὺς ᾠκοδόμησεν Ἀδριανὸς λίθου λευκοῦ.
The first clause has a genitive of material with ἦν and a postponed subject ναός; the second coordinates a later rebuilding, with Ἀδριανός as subject and λίθου λευκοῦ as material genitive. The punctuation mark is treated as sentence-internal punctuation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἀπόλλωνος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἦν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναός, specifying the deity. |
| 4 | πλίνθου | πλίνθος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ναός | nmod | high | Material genitive. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 6 ἦν | discourse | high | Correlative particle balanced by δὲ. |
| 6 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀρχαῖος | det | high | |
| 8 | ἀρχαῖος | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ναός | amod | high | |
| 9 | ναός | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 ᾠκοδόμησεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ᾠκοδόμησεν | cc | high | Connective contrasting the later clause. |
| 13 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ᾠκοδόμησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ᾠκοδόμησεν. |
| 14 | ᾠκοδόμησεν | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 ἦν | conj | high | Coordinated predicate after the semicolon. |
| 15 | Ἀδριανὸς | Ἁδριανός | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 βασιλεὺς | appos | high | Apposition identifying βασιλεύς. |
| 16 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ᾠκοδόμησεν | nmod | high | Material genitive. |
| 17 | λευκοῦ | λευκός | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 λίθου | amod | high | |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ᾠκοδόμησεν | punct | high |
ἐβένου δὲ πάντα ὁμοίως πεποίηται.
The passive πεποίηται takes πάντα as its neuter plural subject; ἐβένου is a genitive of material, and ὁμοίως is an adverbial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐβένου | ἔβενος | NOUN | N-----G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πεποίηται | obl | high | Genitive of material: ‘of ebony’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 5 πεποίηται | advmod | high | |
| 3 | πάντα | πᾶς | PRON | A-----NP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Neuter plural nominative subject of the passive verb. |
| 4 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 πεποίηται | advmod | high | |
| 5 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V3RMPAI- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive indicative, 3rd singular; impersonal agreement is possible with neuter plural πάντα. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πεποίηται | punct | high |
ἤκουσα δὲ ἀνδρὸς Κυπρίου διακρῖναι πόας ἐς ἀνθρώπων ἴασιν εἰδότος, ὃς τὴν ἔβενον φύλλα οὐκ ἔφη φύειν οὐδὲ εἶναι καρπὸν οὐδένα ἀπʼ αὐτῆς οὐδὲ ὁρᾶσθαι τὸ παράπαν αὐτὴν ὑπὸ ἡλίου, ῥίζας δὲ ὑπογαίους εἶναι, ταύτας δὲ ὀρύσσειν τοὺς Αἰθίοπας.
The report is governed by ἔφη: coordinated infinitives state that ebony bears no leaves/fruit, is not visible in sunlight, has subterranean roots, and that Ethiopians dig them; διακρῖναι and εἰδότος describe the Cypriot man heard by the narrator.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | V-1SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἤκουσα | obj | high | Genitive person heard from / object of hearing. |
| 4 | Κυπρίου | Κύπριος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | |
| 5 | διακρῖναι | διακρίνω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 ἀνδρὸς | acl | medium | Infinitive dependent on ἀνδρός, describing his ability/knowledge. |
| 6 | πόας | πόα | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 διακρῖναι | obj | high | |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ἀνθρώπων | case | high | |
| 8 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GMP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἴασιν | nmod | high | With ἴασιν: healing among/of humans. |
| 9 | ἴασιν | ἴασις | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 διακρῖναι | obl | medium | Accusative of domain/respect with διακρῖναι. |
| 10 | εἰδότος | οἶδα | VERB | V-RPAPGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 3 ἀνδρὸς | acl | high | Genitive participle agreeing with ἀνδρός. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 εἰδότος | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 17 ἔφη | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ἔβενον | det | high | |
| 14 | ἔβενον | ἔβενος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 φύλλα | nmod | medium | Accusative noun used attributively with φύλλα; likely ‘ebony leaves’. |
| 15 | φύλλα | φύλλον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 ἔφη | obj | high | |
| 16 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | ADV-NEG | Polarity=Neg | 17 ἔφη | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | V-3SIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 1 ἤκουσα | ccomp | high | |
| 18 | φύειν | φύω | VERB | V-1PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἔφη | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἔφη. |
| 19 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | CONJ-NEG | Polarity=Neg | 20 εἶναι | cc | high | |
| 20 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἔφη | xcomp | high | Coordinated infinitive complement of ἔφη. |
| 21 | καρπὸν | καρπός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 22 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 21 καρπὸν | det | high | Negative quantifier modifying καρπόν. |
| 23 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 αὐτῆς | case | high | |
| 24 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 21 καρπὸν | nmod | high | |
| 25 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | CONJ-NEG | Polarity=Neg | 26 ὁρᾶσθαι | cc | high | |
| 26 | ὁρᾶσθαι | ὁράω | VERB | V-PMPN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 17 ἔφη | xcomp | high | Third coordinated infinitive complement of ἔφη. |
| 27 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 28 παράπαν | det | high | |
| 28 | παράπαν | παράπαν | ADV | ADV | _ | 26 ὁρᾶσθαι | advmod | high | Adverbial phrase τὸ παράπαν, ‘at all’. |
| 29 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 26 ὁρᾶσθαι | obj | high | |
| 30 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 ἡλίου | case | high | |
| 31 | ἡλίου | ἥλιος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ὁρᾶσθαι | obl | high | Agent with passive ὁρᾶσθαι. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ὁρᾶσθαι | punct | high | |
| 33 | ῥίζας | ῥίζα | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 36 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive εἶναι. |
| 34 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 36 εἶναι | cc | high | |
| 35 | ὑπογαίους | ὑπόγαιος | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 ῥίζας | amod | high | |
| 36 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἔφη | xcomp | high | Further coordinated infinitive under ἔφη. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 38 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | D-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 40 ὀρύσσειν | obj | high | |
| 39 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 40 ὀρύσσειν | cc | high | |
| 40 | ὀρύσσειν | ὀρύσσω | VERB | V-1PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἔφη | xcomp | high | Final coordinated infinitive under ἔφη. |
| 41 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 42 Αἰθίοπας | det | high | |
| 42 | Αἰθίοπας | Αἰθίοψ | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 40 ὀρύσσειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive ὀρύσσειν. |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἤκουσα | punct | high |
καὶ ἄνδρας εἶναί σφισιν οἳ τὴν ἔβενον ἴσασιν εὑρίσκειν.
Infinitival clause coordinated with preceding context: εἶναι governs ἄνδρας as its accusative subject and σφισιν as dative possessor/experiencer; οἵ introduces a relative clause modifying ἄνδρας, with ἴσασιν taking εὑρίσκειν as its complementary infinitive and ἔβενον as its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 εἶναί | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-A-M-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 εἶναί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 3 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V- PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitive; accented form reflects coordination/context. |
| 4 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DPM | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 εἶναί | iobj | medium | Dative of possession or reference with εἶναι. |
| 5 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-RNPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 2 ἄνδρας | acl:relcl | high | Relative pronoun; antecedent ἄνδρας, functioning as subject of ἴσασιν. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-SF-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἔβενον | det | high | |
| 7 | ἔβενον | ἔβενος | NOUN | N-SF-A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 εὑρίσκειν | obj | medium | Ebony; feminine noun, object of εὑρίσκειν. |
| 8 | ἴσασιν | οἶδα | VERB | V-3PAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 5 οἳ | acl:relcl | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning ‘know’; subject is relative οἵ. |
| 9 | εὑρίσκειν | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἴσασιν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive governed by ἴσασιν. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 εἶναί | punct | high |