Grammar parses for passage 1.44.1
Open translation for this passage
ὃς περιεζωσμένων ἐν τοῖς ἀγῶσι κατὰ δὴ παλαιὸν ἔθος τῶν ἀθλητῶν Ὀλύμπια ἐνίκα στάδιον δραμὼν γυμνός.
Syntax is centered on ἐνίκα; several preposed modifiers and participial phrases attach adverbially, with ὃς as the relative subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | Pp-3ns | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 13 ἐνίκα | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, subject of ἐνίκα. |
| 2 | περιεζωσμένων | περιζώννυμι | VERB | VMP---MPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἀγῶσι | amod | medium | Likely genitive participle agreeing with ἀγῶσι; form/lexical segmentation slightly uncertain. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 5 ἀγῶσι | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Pd-pm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἀγῶσι | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀγῶσι | ἀγών | NOUN | N-pdm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐνίκα | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R | _ | 9 ἔθος | case | high | |
| 7 | δὴ | δή | PART | G | _ | 8 παλαιὸν | advmod | high | Modal/emphatic particle modifying παλαιόν. |
| 8 | παλαιὸν | παλαιός | ADJ | A-sam | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔθος | amod | high | |
| 9 | ἔθος | ἔθος | NOUN | N-san | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐνίκα | obl | medium | Prepositional phrase with κατὰ, likely adverbial. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Pd-pg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἀθλητῶν | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀθλητῶν | ἀθλητής | NOUN | N-pgm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔθος | nmod | high | |
| 12 | Ὀλύμπια | Ὀλύμπια | PROPN | Ne-san | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐνίκα | obj | low | Likely the accusative object 'Olympia' as event/competition name; could also be appositional. |
| 13 | ἐνίκα | νικάω | VERB | V-3siia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-san | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 δραμὼν | obj | high | |
| 15 | δραμὼν | τρέχω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἐνίκα | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 16 | γυμνός | γυμνός | ADJ | A-smn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐνίκα | advmod | medium | Predicative/adverbial use with the main verb. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐνίκα | punct | high |
φασὶ δὲ καὶ στρατηγοῦντα ὕστερον τὸν Ὄρσιππον ἀποτεμέσθαι χώραν τῶν προσοίκων.
Reported speech with accusative-and-infinitive construction: φασὶ governs the infinitive ἀποτεμέσθαι, whose subject is Ὄρσιππον and object is χώραν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φασὶ | φημί | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of reported speech. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 φασὶ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἀποτεμέσθαι | cc | high | Connects participial modifier with another predication. |
| 4 | στρατηγοῦντα | στρατηγοῦντα | VERB | V-PA-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἀποτεμέσθαι | advcl | medium | Accusative participle depending on infinitive; lemma likely στρατηγεύω/στρατηγέω, but form given is treated conservatively. |
| 5 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 στρατηγοῦντα | advmod | high | Modifies the participle. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ὄρσιππον | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 7 | Ὄρσιππον | Ὄρσιππος | PROPN | Npms--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποτεμέσθαι | obj | high | Subject of the infinitive in accusative + infinitive construction. |
| 8 | ἀποτεμέσθαι | ἀποτέμνω | VERB | V-ANM--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 φασὶ | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive of saying. |
| 9 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποτεμέσθαι | obj | high | Direct object of the infinitive. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA--GPN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 προσοίκων | det | high | Article with genitive noun. |
| 11 | προσοίκων | πρόσοικος | ADJ | A-GPN---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 χώραν | nmod | medium | Genitive modifier of χώραν; gender/lemma uncertain in isolation, but treated as substantive adjective. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φασὶ | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
δοκῶ δέ οἱ καὶ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ τὸ περίζωμα ἑκόντι περιρρυῆναι, γνόντι ὡς ἀνδρὸς περιεζωσμένου δραμεῖν ῥᾴων ἐστὶν ἀνὴρ γυμνὸς.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: the first clause has δοκῶ with a complementary infinitive, then a participial construction with γνόντι leading into an indirect statement introduced by ὡς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δοκῶ | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Matrix verb governing infinitival content. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 δοκῶ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-3DS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 10 περιρρυῆναι | iobj | medium | Likely ethical dative/dative of interest with infinitive; reference uncertain. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἑκόντι | cc | high | Coordinates with the preceding phrase/adverbial nuance. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 6 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | n-ds--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 περιρρυῆναι | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 περίζωμα | det | high | Article modifying περίζωμα. |
| 8 | περίζωμα | περίζωμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 περιρρυῆναι | obj | high | Object of περιρρυῆναι. |
| 9 | ἑκόντι | ἑκών | ADJ | a-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 περιρρυῆναι | advcl | medium | Adverbial participial/dative absolute-like modifier; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 10 | περιρρυῆναι | περιρρέω | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 δοκῶ | ccomp | high | Complementary infinitive after δοκῶ. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 περιρρυῆναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | γνόντι | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V-AAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 δραμεῖν | advcl | medium | Dative participle, probably adverbial/circumstantial and linked to the infinitive clause. |
| 13 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 δραμεῖν | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement/comparison. |
| 14 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 περιεζωσμένου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on participle. |
| 15 | περιεζωσμένου | περιζώννυμι | VERB | V-PPP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 14 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | Participle modifying ἀνδρός. |
| 16 | δραμεῖν | τρέχω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 γνόντι | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement in the ὡς-clause. |
| 17 | ῥᾴων | ῥᾴων | ADJ | a-s---nc- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστίν. |
| 18 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate in the embedded clause. |
| 19 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Alternative subject/predicate structure; attached as nominal dependent of copula. |
| 20 | γυμνὸς | γυμνός | ADJ | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἀνήρ. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |