Grammar parses for passage 1.44.1
Open translation for this passage
ὃς περιεζωσμένων ἐν τοῖς ἀγῶσι κατὰ δὴ παλαιὸν ἔθος τῶν ἀθλητῶν Ὀλύμπια ἐνίκα στάδιον δραμὼν γυμνός.
Relative clause: ὃς is the subject of ἐνίκα; περιεζωσμένων is a genitive absolute with τῶν ἀθλητῶν, while κατὰ παλαιὸν ἔθος modifies the contest practice. Ὀλύμπια is an accusative plural event name, στάδιον the event/object, and δραμών plus γυμνός describe the victor.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | pi-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 13 ἐνίκα | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | περιεζωσμένων | περιζώννυμι | VERB | VPRP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 ἐνίκα | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute; understood subject is τῶν ἀθλητῶν. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P------ | _ | 5 ἀγῶσι | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | D----DPN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 5 ἀγῶσι | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀγῶσι | ἀγών | NOUN | N-----DP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 2 περιεζωσμένων | obl | medium | Locative/event context within the genitive absolute. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P------ | _ | 9 ἔθος | case | high | |
| 7 | δὴ | δή | PART | X------ | _ | 9 ἔθος | advmod | high | |
| 8 | παλαιὸν | παλαιός | ADJ | A----SAN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔθος | amod | high | |
| 9 | ἔθος | ἔθος | NOUN | N-----SA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐνίκα | obl | high | Accusative of manner/custom with κατά. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | D----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 11 ἀθλητῶν | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀθλητῶν | ἀθλητής | NOUN | N-----GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 9 ἔθος | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἔθος: custom of the athletes. |
| 12 | Ὀλύμπια | Ὀλύμπια | PROPN | Neuter-Acc-Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plural | 13 ἐνίκα | obj | medium | Name of the Olympic games; could be treated as a common noun in some schemes. |
| 13 | ἐνίκα | νικάω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-----SA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐνίκα | obj | medium | Event/object accusative: he won the stadion race. |
| 15 | δραμὼν | τρέχω | VERB | V-2AAP-NM-S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἐνίκα | advcl | high | |
| 16 | γυμνός | γυμνός | ADJ | A-----NM-S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 δραμὼν | advmod | medium | Predicative depictive adjective modifying the subject while running. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐνίκα | punct | high |
φασὶ δὲ καὶ στρατηγοῦντα ὕστερον τὸν Ὄρσιππον ἀποτεμέσθαι χώραν τῶν προσοίκων.
The sentence is an accusative-and-infinitive report: φασί governs ἀποτεμέσθαι, whose accusative subject is τὸν Ὄρσιππον; στρατηγοῦντα is a circumstantial participle modifying that subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φασὶ | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal reporting verb governing an accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 φασὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 φασὶ | cc | high | Adverbial/additive καί. |
| 4 | στρατηγοῦντα | στρατηγέω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἀποτεμέσθαι | advcl | high | Accusative present participle agreeing with Ὄρσιππον, supplementary to the infinitive. |
| 5 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 ἀποτεμέσθαι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ὄρσιππον | det | high | |
| 7 | Ὄρσιππον | Ὄρσιππος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποτεμέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 8 | ἀποτεμέσθαι | ἀποτέμνω | VERB | V-AAM-3S | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 φασὶ | ccomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive in the reported-speech construction. |
| 9 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποτεμέσθαι | obj | high | Object of ἀποτεμέσθαι. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 προσοίκων | det | high | |
| 11 | προσοίκων | προσοῖκος | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 χώραν | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, genitive plural: neighboring inhabitants/peoples. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φασὶ | punct | high |
δοκῶ δέ οἱ καὶ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ τὸ περίζωμα ἑκόντι περιρρυῆναι, γνόντι ὡς ἀνδρὸς περιεζωσμένου δραμεῖν ῥᾴων ἐστὶν ἀνὴρ γυμνὸς.
δοκῶ takes an accusative-and-infinitive complement; οἱ is dative of reference, and γνόντι is a supplementary circumstantial participle agreeing with the understood subject. The final comparison is elliptical in sense but syntactically headed by ἐστίν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δοκῶ | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δοκῶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DAT-SG | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 δοκῶ | iobj | medium | Dative of reference; form is homographic with the article. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 περιρρυῆναι | cc | medium | Coordinates the infinitival complement with the preceding understood content. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 6 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-DAT-SF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 περιρρυῆναι | obl | high | |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 περίζωμα | det | high | |
| 8 | περίζωμα | περίζωμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 περιρρυῆναι | nsubj | high | Subject of περιρρυῆναι. |
| 9 | ἑκόντι | ἑκών | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 περιρρυῆναι | obl | medium | Dative agreeing with an understood male participant; semantically ‘willingly’. |
| 10 | περιρρυῆναι | περιρρέω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 δοκῶ | xcomp | high | Infinitive in the δοκῶ complement. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 περιρρυῆναι | punct | high | |
| 12 | γνόντι | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V-2AAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 περιρρυῆναι | advcl | medium | Dative circumstantial participle; syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 γνόντι | mark | high | |
| 14 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 περιεζωσμένου | nmod | high | Genitive absolute-like dependent of περιεζωσμένου. |
| 15 | περιεζωσμένου | περιζώννυμι | VERB | V-RMP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 16 δραμεῖν | advcl | medium | Genitive participle with ἀνδρός; perfect middle/passive form. |
| 16 | δραμεῖν | τρέχω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 ῥᾴων | csubj | high | Infinitive functioning as subject of ῥᾴων ἐστίν. |
| 17 | ῥᾴων | ῥᾴων | ADJ | A-CNM | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Comparative predicate adjective. |
| 18 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 γνόντι | ccomp | medium | Predicate clause under the content of γνόντι; final ν is movable. |
| 19 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστίν. |
| 20 | γυμνὸς | γυμνός | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Predicative adjective linked to ἀνήρ; could alternatively attach as a secondary predicate to ἐστίν. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δοκῶ | punct | high |