Grammar parses for passage 1.5.5
Open translation for this passage
καὶ ἐς μὲν πόλεμον οὐδένα ἑκούσιος κατέστη, Ἑβραίους δὲ τοὺς ὑπὲρ Σύρων ἐχειρώσατο ἀποστάντας·
The first clause has an understood subject and κατέστη is construed intransitively (‘entered/engaged in’); Ἑβραίους ... ἀποστάντας is the object of ἐχειρώσατο, with τοὺς agreeing with the substantivized participle phrase. The antecedent and exact force of ὑπὲρ Σύρων are somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 κατέστη | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 πόλεμον | case | high | Epic/vernacular form of εἰς. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PTCL | _ | 7 κατέστη | discourse | high | Correlative contrast with δέ. |
| 4 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 κατέστη | obl | high | |
| 5 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 πόλεμον | amod | high | Adjectival determiner modifying πόλεμον: ‘no’. |
| 6 | ἑκούσιος | ἑκούσιος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 κατέστη | xcomp | medium | Predicative/adverbial adjective, ‘willingly’; subject is understood from context. |
| 7 | κατέστη | καθίστημι | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 7 κατέστη | punct | high | |
| 9 | Ἑβραίους | Ἑβραῖος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἐχειρώσατο | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐχειρώσατο | cc | high | Contrasts the first clause. |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀποστάντας | det | high | Article with substantivized participle. |
| 12 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Σύρων | case | high | |
| 13 | Σύρων | Σύρος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀποστάντας | nmod | medium | Ethnic name in the genitive; ὑπέρ may mean ‘on behalf of’ or ‘above/against’ depending on context. |
| 14 | ἐχειρώσατο | χειρόω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 κατέστη | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 15 | ἀποστάντας | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-2AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 Ἑβραίους | acl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Ἑβραίους; ‘having revolted/defected’. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 14 ἐχειρώσατο | punct | high |
ὁπόσα δὲ θεῶν ἱερὰ τὰ μὲν ᾠκοδόμησεν ἐξ ἀρχῆς, τὰ δὲ καὶ ἐπεκόσμησεν ἀναθήμασι καὶ κατασκευαῖς ἢ δωρεὰς πόλεσιν ἔδωκεν Ἑλληνίσι, τὰς δὲ καὶ τῶν βαρβάρων τοῖς δεηθεῖσιν, ἔστιν οἱ πάντα γεγραμμένα Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐν τῷ κοινῷ τῶν θεῶν ἱερῷ.
Complex relative/partitive construction: ὁπόσα ... ἱερά is the topicalized object of γεγραμμένα, with coordinated τὰ μέν/τὰ δέ/τὰς δέ clauses; ἔστιν οἱ is an impersonal existential expression, and γεγραμμένα agrees with the understood neuter plural antecedent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | DET | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 35 γεγραμμένα | det | high | Relative quantifying determiner introducing the topicalized neuter plural objects. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ὁπόσα | cc | high | |
| 3 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἱερὰ | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with ἱερά. |
| 4 | ἱερὰ | ἱερός | NOUN | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ᾠκοδόμησεν | obj | medium | Substantivized adjective, coordinated object/theme in the following clauses. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 ᾠκοδόμησεν | det | high | |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PTCL | _ | 5 τὰ | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ᾠκοδόμησεν | οἰκοδομέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 32 ἔστιν | advcl | high | First coordinated relative-clause predicate; subject is implicit. |
| 8 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 9 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ᾠκοδόμησεν | obl | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ᾠκοδόμησεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 ἐπεκόσμησεν | obj | high | Article substantivizing the second coordinated neuter plural object. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 τὰ | cc | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐπεκόσμησεν | cc | high | Connective adverb/coordination marker. |
| 14 | ἐπεκόσμησεν | ἐπικοσμέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 32 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Second coordinated predicate. |
| 15 | ἀναθήμασι | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐπεκόσμησεν | obl | high | Dative of means or adornment. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 κατασκευαῖς | cc | high | |
| 17 | κατασκευαῖς | κατασκευή | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἀναθήμασι | conj | high | Coordinated with ἀναθήμασι. |
| 18 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 ἔδωκεν | cc | high | Alternative coordination. |
| 19 | δωρεὰς | δωρεά | NOUN | N-PAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἔδωκεν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔδωκεν. |
| 20 | πόλεσιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἔδωκεν | iobj | high | Indirect object. |
| 21 | ἔδωκεν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 32 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Third coordinated predicate. |
| 22 | Ἑλληνίσι | Ἕλλην | ADJ | A-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 πόλεσιν | amod | high | Adjectival ethnic designation modifying πόλεσιν. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἔδωκεν | punct | high | |
| 24 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-PAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 30 δεηθεῖσιν | obj | medium | Article with substantivized implied feminine noun, likely πόλεις, object of δεηθεῖσιν in the final coordinated clause. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 τὰς | cc | high | |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 30 δεηθεῖσιν | advmod | medium | Connective particle/adverb in the final clause. |
| 27 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 βαρβάρων | det | high | |
| 28 | βαρβάρων | βάρβαρος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 τὰς | nmod | medium | Substantivized adjective; genitive relation to the implied feminine noun. |
| 29 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 30 δεηθεῖσιν | det | high | |
| 30 | δεηθεῖσιν | δέομαι | VERB | V-APP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 32 ἔστιν | advcl | medium | Aorist passive participle, datival; idiomatically ‘for those who requested/helped’, with τὰς likely an elliptical object or affected entity. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 δεηθεῖσιν | punct | high | |
| 32 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential predicate with postponed/dative οἱ and predicate participle γεγραμμένα. |
| 33 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | RP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 32 ἔστιν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/interest in the existential construction; form potentially ambiguous with article. |
| 34 | πάντα | πᾶς | DET | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Tot | 35 γεγραμμένα | det | high | |
| 35 | γεγραμμένα | γράφω | VERB | V-RPP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 32 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle, predicative with understood neuter plural subject/object referent. |
| 36 | Ἀθήνῃσιν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 35 γεγραμμένα | obl | high | Locative dative, ‘at Athens’. |
| 37 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 42 ἱερῷ | case | high | |
| 38 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 39 κοινῷ | det | high | |
| 39 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 ἱερῷ | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἱερῷ. |
| 40 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 41 θεῶν | det | high | |
| 41 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 42 ἱερῷ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερῷ. |
| 42 | ἱερῷ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 γεγραμμένα | obl | high | Object of ἐν; location of the writing. |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἔστιν | punct | high |