Grammar parses for passage 1.6.3
Open translation for this passage
αὐτὸς δὲ ἐς Αἴγυπτον διαβὰς Κλεομένην τε ἀπέκτεινεν, ὃν σατραπεύειν Αἰγύπτου κατέστησεν Ἀλέξανδρος, Περδίκκᾳ νομίζων εὔνουν καὶ διʼ αὐτὸ οὐ πιστὸν αὑτῷ,
Main clause with participial circumstances and an embedded indirect statement/complement: διαβὰς and νομίζων modify the subject αὐτός; ὃν σατραπεύειν... is a relative clause with infinitival complement, and αὑτῷ is dative with πιστόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=No | 8 ἀπέκτεινεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπέκτεινεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 8 ἀπέκτεινεν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 4 Αἴγυπτον | case | high | Preposition governing Αἴγυπτον. |
| 4 | Αἴγυπτον | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 διαβὰς | obl | high | Goal of motion with ἐς. |
| 5 | διαβὰς | διαβαίνω | VERB | v--sapmn- | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἀπέκτεινεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying αὐτός. |
| 6 | Κλεομένην | Κλεομένης | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπέκτεινεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀπέκτεινεν. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 6 Κλεομένην | cc | medium | Enclitic coordinating/additive particle. |
| 8 | ἀπέκτεινεν | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀπέκτεινεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 10 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | p-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 13 κατέστησεν | obj | high | Relative pronoun introducing clause dependent on Κλεομένην. |
| 11 | σατραπεύειν | σατραπεύω | VERB | v--pna--- | Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 κατέστησεν | xcomp | high | Complement of κατέστησεν. |
| 12 | Αἰγύπτου | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 σατραπεύειν | obl | high | Genitive complement of σατραπεύειν. |
| 13 | κατέστησεν | καθίστημι | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 ὃν | acl:relcl | medium | Verb of the relative clause, modifying ὃν. |
| 14 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 κατέστησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατέστησεν. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀπέκτεινεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 16 | Περδίκκᾳ | Περδίκκας | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 νομίζων | obl | medium | Dative with νομίζων, likely ethical/relational dative. |
| 17 | νομίζων | νομίζω | VERB | v--sapmn- | Aspect=Pres|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἀπέκτεινεν | advcl | high | Participial modifier of αὐτός. |
| 18 | εὔνουν | εὔνους | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 νομίζων | obj | high | Predicative complement in the object clause of νομίζων. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 23 πιστὸν | cc | high | Coordinates adjectives. |
| 20 | διʼ | διά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 21 αὐτὸ | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτὸ. |
| 21 | αὐτὸ | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=No | 23 πιστὸν | obl | high | Object of διʼ. |
| 22 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | _ | 23 πιστὸν | advmod | high | Negation of πιστόν. |
| 23 | πιστὸν | πιστός | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 νομίζων | xcomp | high | Second complement/predicate with νομίζων. |
| 24 | αὑτῷ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 23 πιστὸν | obl | high | Dative with πιστόν, reflexive reference. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀπέκτεινεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
καὶ Μακεδόνων τοὺς ταχθέντας τὸν Ἀλεξάνδρου νεκρὸν ἐς Αἰγὰς κομίζειν ἀνέπεισεν αὑτῷ παραδοῦναι·
The syntax is a control/infinitival chain: ἀνέπεισεν governs two infinitives, with κομίζειν dependent on παραδοῦναι; Μακεδόνων is difficult and may be construed loosely as the understood agents/possessors.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ἀνέπεισεν | cc | high | coordinating conjunction on the clause |
| 2 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀνέπεισεν | nsubj | medium | genitive with partitive/subject-like function in this construction |
| 3 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ταχθέντας | det | high | article |
| 4 | ταχθέντας | τάσσω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 11 ἀνέπεισεν | obj | high | participle modifying the understood Macedonians |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 νεκρὸν | det | high | article |
| 6 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 νεκρὸν | nmod | high | genitive dependent of νεκρόν |
| 7 | νεκρὸν | νεκρός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 κομίζειν | obj | high | accusative object of κομίζειν |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Αἰγὰς | case | high | preposition |
| 9 | Αἰγὰς | Αἰγαί | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 κομίζειν | obl | high | goal of motion |
| 10 | κομίζειν | κομίζω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 παραδοῦναι | xcomp | high | complement of παραδοῦναι |
| 11 | ἀνέπεισεν | ἀναπείθω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb |
| 12 | αὑτῷ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 13 παραδοῦναι | iobj | medium | reflexive dative; function somewhat uncertain |
| 13 | παραδοῦναι | παραδίδωμι | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 ἀνέπεισεν | xcomp | high | second infinitival complement of ἀνέπεισεν |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀνέπεισεν | punct | high | punctuation |
καὶ τὸν μὲν νόμῳ τῷ Μακεδόνων ἔθαπτεν ἐν Μέμφει, οἷα δὲ ἐπιστάμενος πολεμήσοντα Περδίκκαν Αἴγυπτον εἶχεν ἐν φυλακῇ.
The syntax is two coordinated main clauses; the participial phrase ἐπιστάμενος πολεμήσοντα Περδίκκαν is attached adverbially to εἶχεν, with οἷα functioning adverbially and the exact scope somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἔθαπτεν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking clauses. |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 νόμῳ | det | high | Article with νόμῳ. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 2 τὸν | discourse | medium | Correlative particle; attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | νόμῳ | νόμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔθαπτεν | obl | high | Dative of manner/instrument with ἔθαπτεν. |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Μακεδόνων | det | medium | Likely article with Μακεδόνων, though number is irregular; text may be articular/dative phrase. |
| 6 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 νόμῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of νόμῳ: 'according to the law of the Macedonians'. |
| 7 | ἔθαπτεν | θάπτω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Μέμφει | case | high | Preposition governing Μέμφει. |
| 9 | Μέμφει | Μέμφις | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔθαπτεν | obl | high | Locative oblique. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔθαπτεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 11 | οἷα | οἷος | ADV | _ | _ | 13 ἐπιστάμενος | advmod | medium | Adverbial comparative/causal-like use; could be treated differently. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἐπιστάμενος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 13 | ἐπιστάμενος | ἐπίσταμαι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 17 εἶχεν | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying εἶχεν. |
| 14 | πολεμήσοντα | πολεμέω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 Περδίκκαν | amod | high | Future participle agreeing with Περδίκκαν. |
| 15 | Περδίκκαν | Περδίκκας | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 εἶχεν | obj | high | Object of ἐπιστάμενος / content of knowing. |
| 16 | Αἴγυπτον | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 εἶχεν | obj | medium | Likely second object with εἶχεν: 'held Egypt'. |
| 17 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; coordinate with ἔθαπτεν. |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 19 φυλακῇ | case | high | Preposition governing φυλακῇ. |
| 19 | φυλακῇ | φυλακή | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 εἶχεν | obl | high | Oblique expressing state/place: 'in custody'. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 εἶχεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Περδίκκας δὲ ἐς μὲν τὸ εὐπρεπὲς τῆς στρατείας ἐπήγετο Ἀριδαῖον τὸν Φιλίππου καὶ παῖδα Ἀλέξανδρον ἐκ Ῥωξάνης τῆς Ὀξυάρτου γεγονότα καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου, τῷ δὲ ἔργῳ Πτολεμαῖον ἐπεβούλευεν ἀφελέσθαι τὴν ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ βασιλείαν·
The syntax is two coordinated clauses with ἐπήγετο and ἐπεβούλευεν as separate roots linked by punctuation and contrastive particles; the participle γεγονότα is somewhat uncertain in attachment but most likely modifies Ἀλέξανδρον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Περδίκκας | Περδίκκας | PROPN | Ne | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 ἐπήγετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπήγετο. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Pt | _ | 9 ἐπήγετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 6 εὐπρεπὲς | case | high | Introduces the prepositional phrase. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Pt | _ | 6 εὐπρεπὲς | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Ra | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 6 εὐπρεπὲς | det | high | Determines εὐπρεπές. |
| 6 | εὐπρεπὲς | εὐπρεπής | ADJ | A- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 9 ἐπήγετο | obl | high | Accusative of goal with ἐς. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Ra | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 στρατείας | det | high | Determines στρατείας. |
| 8 | στρατείας | στρατεία | NOUN | N- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 εὐπρεπὲς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of εὐπρεπές. |
| 9 | ἐπήγετο | ἐπάγω | VERB | V- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 10 | Ἀριδαῖον | Ἀριδαῖος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 ἐπήγετο | obj | high | First object of ἐπήγετο. |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Ra | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 12 Φιλίππου | det | high | Determines Φιλίππου. |
| 12 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 10 Ἀριδαῖον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of Ἀριδαῖον. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 15 Ἀλέξανδρον | cc | high | Links coordinated object phrase. |
| 14 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 15 Ἀλέξανδρον | appos | medium | Likely appositional to Ἀλέξανδρον. |
| 15 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 ἐπήγετο | obj | high | Coordinated object of ἐπήγετο. |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | _ | 20 γεγονότα | case | high | Introduces source phrase. |
| 17 | Ῥωξάνης | Ῥωξάνη | PROPN | Ne | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 20 γεγονότα | obl | high | Genitive phrase modifying γεγονότα. |
| 18 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Ra | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 19 Ὀξυάρτου | det | high | Determines Ὀξυάρτου. |
| 19 | Ὀξυάρτου | Ὀξυάρτης | PROPN | Ne | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 17 Ῥωξάνης | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of Ῥωξάνης. |
| 20 | γεγονότα | γίγνομαι | VERB | V- | Aspect=Stative|Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Tense=Perfect|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 15 Ἀλέξανδρον | amod | medium | Participle modifying Ἀλέξανδρον; agreement suggests masculine accusative. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 22 Ἀλεξάνδρου | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀλεξάνδρου with preceding genitive phrase. |
| 22 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 20 γεγονότα | obl | medium | Likely another genitive dependent connected by καί. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐπήγετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Ra | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 26 ἔργῳ | det | high | Determines ἔργῳ. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Pt | _ | 26 ἔργῳ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 26 | ἔργῳ | ἔργον | NOUN | N- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 28 ἐπεβούλευεν | obl | high | Dative of means/respect with ἐπεβούλευεν. |
| 27 | Πτολεμαῖον | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 28 ἐπεβούλευεν | obj | high | Object of ἐπεβούλευεν. |
| 28 | ἐπεβούλευεν | ἐπιβουλεύω | VERB | V- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second clause main verb. |
| 29 | ἀφελέσθαι | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V- | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Infinitive|Voice=Middle | 28 ἐπεβούλευεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 30 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Ra | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 33 βασιλείαν | det | high | Determines βασιλείαν. |
| 31 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 33 βασιλείαν | case | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 32 | Αἰγύπτῳ | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 33 βασιλείαν | nmod | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 33 | βασιλείαν | βασιλεία | NOUN | N- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 29 ἀφελέσθαι | obj | high | Object of ἀφελέσθαι. |
| 34 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἐπεβούλευεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |