Grammar parses for passage 1.6.4
Open translation for this passage
Πτολεμαῖον δὲ αὐτίκα ἐς τὰ πράγματα ὁ Περδίκκου θάνατος ἐπέστησε·
Πτολεμαῖον is the accusative object of ἐπέστησε; ὁ Περδίκκου θάνατος is the nominative subject, with Περδίκκου a genitive dependent on θάνατος. The verb is causative/transitive here: ‘Perdiccas’ death set Ptolemy to affairs/immediate action.’
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πτολεμαῖον | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | Nb/A-ams | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐπέστησε | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἐπέστησε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ἐπέστησε | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 πράγματα | case | high | Variant form ἐς. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S---nap- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 πράγματα | det | high | |
| 6 | πράγματα | πρᾶγμα | NOUN | Nb---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐπέστησε | obl | medium | Prepositional goal/domain complement of ἐπέστησε; semantic nuance is somewhat idiomatic. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S---nms- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 θάνατος | det | high | |
| 8 | Περδίκκου | Περδίκκας | PROPN | Nb---gms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 θάνατος | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/source with θάνατος. |
| 9 | θάνατος | θάνατος | NOUN | Nb---nms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐπέστησε | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ἐπέστησε | ἐφίστημι | VERB | V3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active of ἐφίστημι; transitive/carrying causative sense in context. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐπέστησε | punct | high |
καὶ τοῦτο μὲν Σύρους καὶ Φοινίκην εἷλε, τοῦτο δὲ ἐκπεσόντα ὑπὸ Ἀντιγόνου καὶ φεύγοντα ὑπεδέξατο Σέλευκον τὸν Ἀντιόχου, καὶ αὐτὸς παρεσκευάζετο ὡς ἀμυνούμενος Ἀντίγονον.
The sentence coordinates three finite verbs: εἷλε, ὑπεδέξατο, and παρεσκευάζετο. The neuter τοῦτο in the second clause is an anaphoric object, while ἐκπεσόντα and φεύγοντα are coordinated accusative participles modifying Σέλευκον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 εἷλε | cc | high | |
| 2 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD----NNA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 εἷλε | obj | medium | Demonstrative referring to the understood subject/agent's action; syntactically object of εἷλε. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 7 εἷλε | discourse | high | |
| 4 | Σύρους | Σύρος | PROPN | NPM----A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 εἷλε | obj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Φοινίκην | cc | high | |
| 6 | Φοινίκην | Φοινίκη | PROPN | NPF----A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 εἷλε | obj | high | Coordinated with Σύρους. |
| 7 | εἷλε | αἱρέω | VERB | V3SAAI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 εἷλε | punct | high | |
| 9 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD----NNA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 16 ὑπεδέξατο | obj | medium | Anaphoric demonstrative, object of ὑπεδέξατο; its referent is the person displaced by Antigonus. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ὑπεδέξατο | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἐκπεσόντα | ἐκπίπτω | VERB | VP AAMSNA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ὑπεδέξατο | advcl | medium | Aorist participle agreeing with the following object Σέλευκον; token form is masculine accusative singular. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Ἀντιγόνου | case | high | |
| 13 | Ἀντιγόνου | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | NPM----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐκπεσόντα | obl:agent | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 φεύγοντα | cc | high | |
| 15 | φεύγοντα | φεύγω | VERB | VPAPMSA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ὑπεδέξατο | advcl | high | Coordinated participle agreeing with Σέλευκον. |
| 16 | ὑπεδέξατο | ὑποδέχομαι | VERB | V3SAMI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 εἷλε | conj | high | |
| 17 | Σέλευκον | Σέλευκος | PROPN | NPM----A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ὑπεδέξατο | obj | high | |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | DA----AMS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Ἀντιόχου | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἀντιόχου | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | NPM----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Σέλευκον | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive relation: Seleucus, son of Antiochus. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ὑπεδέξατο | punct | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 παρεσκευάζετο | cc | high | |
| 22 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P----NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 23 παρεσκευάζετο | nsubj | high | Intensive pronoun, ‘he himself’. |
| 23 | παρεσκευάζετο | παρασκευάζω | VERB | V3SIIM-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 7 εἷλε | conj | high | |
| 24 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 ἀμυνούμενος | mark | high | Introduces a circumstantial/intentional participial clause. |
| 25 | ἀμυνούμενος | ἀμύνω | VERB | VPMPMSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 23 παρεσκευάζετο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with ὡς, agreeing with the subject. |
| 26 | Ἀντίγονον | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | NPM----A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἀμυνούμενος | obj | high | |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 παρεσκευάζετο | punct | high |
καὶ Κάσσανδρον τὸν Ἀντιπάτρου καὶ Λυσίμαχον βασιλεύοντα ἐν Θρᾴκῃ μετασχεῖν ἔπεισε τοῦ πολέμου, φυγὴν λέγων τὴν Σελεύκου καὶ τὸν Ἀντίγονον φοβερόν σφισιν εἶναι πᾶσιν αὐξηθέντα.
The coordinated accusatives Κάσσανδρον and Λυσίμαχον are subjects of the infinitive μετασχεῖν, governed by ἔπεισε; φυγὴν ... τὸν Ἀντίγονον ... εἶναι is an accusative-and-infinitive content clause dependent on λέγων. The final αὐξηθέντα agrees with Ἀντίγονον; πᾶσιν is its dative complement/ethical dative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἔπεισε | cc | high | |
| 2 | Κάσσανδρον | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μετασχεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S---ma--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἀντιπάτρου | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἀντιπάτρου | Ἀντίπατρος | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Κάσσανδρον | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive apposition to Κάσσανδρον. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 Λυσίμαχον | cc | high | |
| 6 | Λυσίμαχον | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Κάσσανδρον | conj | high | Coordinated accusative subject of μετασχεῖν. |
| 7 | βασιλεύοντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-Sma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 Λυσίμαχον | acl | high | Participial modifier of Λυσίμαχον. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Θρᾴκῃ | case | high | |
| 9 | Θρᾴκῃ | Θρᾴκη | PROPN | Ne-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 βασιλεύοντα | obl | high | |
| 10 | μετασχεῖν | μετέχω | VERB | V--AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 ἔπεισε | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἔπεισε. |
| 11 | ἔπεισε | πείθω | VERB | V-AAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---mg--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 13 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N--s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μετασχεῖν | obl | high | Genitive complement of μετασχεῖν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔπεισε | punct | high | |
| 15 | φυγὴν | φυγή | NOUN | N--s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 λέγων | obj | high | Accusative predicate/subject-like element in the reported claim with εἶναι. |
| 16 | λέγων | λέγω | VERB | V-PAP-Snm- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἔπεισε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the subject of ἔπεισε. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---fa--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Σελεύκου | det | high | |
| 18 | Σελεύκου | Σέλευκος | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 φυγὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on φυγήν: Seleucus's flight. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 Ἀντίγονον | cc | high | |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S---ma--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Ἀντίγονον | det | high | |
| 21 | Ἀντίγονον | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 φοβερόν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 22 | φοβερόν | φοβερός | ADJ | A-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἶναι. |
| 23 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3-pd-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 22 φοβερόν | obl | high | Dative of reference with φοβερόν εἶναι. |
| 24 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 λέγων | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech governed by λέγων. |
| 25 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 αὐξηθέντα | obl | medium | Dative of reference/ethical dative; could be read with the clause as a whole. |
| 26 | αὐξηθέντα | αὐξάνω | VERB | V-APP-Sma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 21 Ἀντίγονον | acl | high | Aorist passive participle agreeing with Ἀντίγονον. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔπεισε | punct | high |