Grammar parses for passage 1.6.5
Open translation for this passage
Ἀντίγονος δὲ τέως μὲν ἦν ἐν παρασκευῇ πολέμου καὶ τὸν κίνδυνον οὐ παντάπασιν ἐθάρρει·
ἦν and ἐθάρρει are coordinated imperfect predicates sharing the subject Ἀντίγονος; ἐν παρασκευῇ πολέμου is a locative/state complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀντίγονος | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τέως | τέως | ADV | d-------- | _ | 5 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 5 ἦν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; counterpart is not expressed within this sentence. |
| 5 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect of εἰμί. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 7 παρασκευῇ | case | high | |
| 7 | παρασκευῇ | παρασκευή | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἦν | obl | high | |
| 8 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 παρασκευῇ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on παρασκευή. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 14 ἐθάρρει | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 κίνδυνον | det | high | |
| 11 | κίνδυνον | κίνδυνος | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐθάρρει | obj | high | |
| 12 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | Polarity=Neg | 14 ἐθάρρει | advmod | high | |
| 13 | παντάπασιν | παντάπασι | ADV | d-------- | _ | 14 ἐθάρρει | advmod | high | Adverbial intensifier. |
| 14 | ἐθάρρει | θαρρέω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 ἦν | conj | high | Imperfect coordinated with ἦν. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high |
ἐπεὶ δὲ ἐς Λιβύην ἐπύθετο στρατεύειν Πτολεμαῖον ἀφεστηκότων Κυρηναίων, αὐτίκα Σύρους καὶ Φοίνικας εἷλεν ἐξ ἐπιδρομῆς,
ἐπεὶ introduces a temporal clause with ἐπύθετο; ἀφεστηκότων Κυρηναίων is a genitive absolute, while εἷλεν is coordinated with the main verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐπύθετο | mark | high | Temporal/circumstantial subordinator introducing the clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐπύθετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Λιβύην | case | high | Preposition governing Λιβύην. |
| 4 | Λιβύην | Λιβύη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐπύθετο | obl | high | Destination of στρατεύειν. |
| 5 | ἐπύθετο | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, middle aorist. |
| 6 | στρατεύειν | στρατεύω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐπύθετο | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἐπύθετο. |
| 7 | Πτολεμαῖον | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 στρατεύειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive στρατεύειν. |
| 8 | ἀφεστηκότων | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-RAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 Κυρηναίων | amod | high | Genitive plural participle agreeing with Κυρηναίων; genitive absolute construction. |
| 9 | Κυρηναίων | Κυρηναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐπύθετο | obl | medium | Genitive absolute with ἀφεστηκότων; semantically the Cyrenaeans are the ones who revolted. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐπύθετο | punct | high | |
| 11 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | ADV | _ | 15 εἷλεν | advmod | high | Immediately. |
| 12 | Σύρους | Σύρος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 εἷλεν | obj | high | Object of εἷλεν. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Φοίνικας | cc | high | Coordinates the two objects. |
| 14 | Φοίνικας | Φοῖνιξ | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Σύρους | conj | high | Second coordinated object of εἷλεν. |
| 15 | εἷλεν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 ἐπύθετο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb following the introductory clause. |
| 16 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 ἐπιδρομῆς | case | high | Preposition governing ἐπιδρομῆς. |
| 17 | ἐπιδρομῆς | ἐπιδρομή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 εἷλεν | obl | high | Means/manner adjunct: by a sudden attack or raid. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 εἷλεν | punct | high |
παραδοὺς δὲ Δημητρίῳ τῷ παιδί, ἡλικίαν μὲν νέῳ φρονεῖν δὲ ἤδη δοκοῦντι, καταβαίνει ἐπὶ τὸν Ἑλλήσποντον.
The participial phrase παραδοὺς ... δοκοῦντι is subordinate to καταβαίνει; παιδί is dative with παραδούς, while ἡλικίαν and φρονεῖν form an accusative-and-infinitive construction dependent on δοκοῦντι, with νέῳ agreeing with the understood subject Δημητρίῳ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παραδοὺς | παραδίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 15 καταβαίνει | advcl | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 παραδοὺς | cc | high | |
| 3 | Δημητρίῳ | Δημήτριος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παιδί | nmod | medium | Personal name; dative recipient/possessive relation with παιδί. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παιδί | det | high | |
| 5 | παιδί | παῖς | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 παραδοὺς | iobj | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 παραδοὺς | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἡλικίαν | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 δοκοῦντι | obj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive φρονεῖν, or accusative complement within the infinitival content. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 7 ἡλικίαν | discourse | high | |
| 9 | νέῳ | νέος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 δοκοῦντι | obl | medium | Dative predicative/relational adjunct referring to Δημητρίῳ; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 10 | φρονεῖν | φρονέω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 13 δοκοῦντι | xcomp | high | |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 φρονεῖν | cc | medium | Connective contrasting the two infinitival contents. |
| 12 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 10 φρονεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 13 | δοκοῦντι | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 1 παραδοὺς | advcl | high | Dative participle agreeing with Δημητρίῳ; governs the infinitive φρονεῖν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δοκοῦντι | punct | high | |
| 15 | καταβαίνει | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 Ἑλλήσποντον | case | high | |
| 17 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Ἑλλήσποντον | det | high | |
| 18 | Ἑλλήσποντον | Ἑλλήσποντος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 καταβαίνει | obl | high | |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 καταβαίνει | punct | high |
πρὶν δὲ ἢ διαβῆναι πάλιν ἦγεν ὀπίσω τὴν στρατιάν, Δημήτριον ἀκούων ὑπὸ Πτολεμαίου μάχῃ κεκρατῆσθαι·
πρὶν ἢ διαβῆναι forms a temporal infinitival construction; Δημήτριον is the accusative subject of the infinitive ἀκούων-dependent content clause, with κεκρατῆσθαι also infinitival and Πτολεμαίου as agent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 4 διαβῆναι | mark | high | Temporal subordinator introducing the infinitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἦγεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 διαβῆναι | cc | medium | Correlative particle in πρὶν ἢ construction. |
| 4 | διαβῆναι | διαβαίνω | VERB | VAAN | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Active | 6 ἦγεν | advcl | high | Temporal aorist infinitive. |
| 5 | πάλιν | πάλιν | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἦγεν | advmod | high | |
| 6 | ἦγεν | ἄγω | VERB | V3SIAI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἦγεν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning back/behind. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 στρατιάν | det | high | |
| 9 | στρατιάν | στρατιά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἦγεν | obj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἦγεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | Δημήτριον | Δημήτριος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀκούων | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival content clause. |
| 12 | ἀκούων | ἀκούω | VERB | VP显PMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 6 ἦγεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with the implicit subject of ἦγεν. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 Πτολεμαίου | case | high | |
| 14 | Πτολεμαίου | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κεκρατῆσθαι | obl:agent | high | Agent of the perfect passive infinitive. |
| 15 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 κεκρατῆσθαι | obl | medium | Dative of means or circumstance: in/by battle. |
| 16 | κεκρατῆσθαι | κρατέω | VERB | VRAInf | Tense=Perfect|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Passive | 12 ἀκούων | ccomp | high | Infinitival content complement of ἀκούων. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἦγεν | punct | high |
Δημήτριος δὲ οὔτε παντάπασιν ἐξειστήκει Πτολεμαίῳ τῆς χώρας καί τινας τῶν Αἰγυπτίων λοχήσας διέφθειρεν οὐ πολλούς.
The sentence coordinates οὔτε ... καί, with ἐξειστήκει governing the dative Πτολεμαίῳ and the genitive τῆς χώρας; λοχήσας is a circumstantial aorist participle modifying Δημήτριος and διέφθειρεν takes τινας τῶν Αἰγυπτίων, with οὐ πολλούς as a quantified/elliptical object description. The exact semantic scope of οὔτε is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Δημήτριος | Δημήτριος | PROPN | Nbmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 διέφθειρεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 διέφθειρεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἐξειστήκει | cc | medium | First member of οὔτε ... καί coordination; scope is somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | παντάπασιν | παντάπασι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐξειστήκει | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἐξειστήκει | ἐξίστημι | VERB | V pluperf act 3sg | Aspect=Pluperfect|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperfect|Voice=Act | 14 διέφθειρεν | conj | medium | Pluperfect form; οὔτε coordinates this predicate with the following finite verb. |
| 6 | Πτολεμαίῳ | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | Nbmsd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐξειστήκει | iobj | high | Dative complement of ἐξίστημι in the sense ‘yield/withdraw from’. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L----gf-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 χώρας | det | high | |
| 8 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | Ncfsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐξειστήκει | obl | medium | Genitive complement associated with ἐξίστημι; exact relation may be analyzed as genitive of separation. |
| 9 | καί | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 διέφθειρεν | cc | high | Coordinates διέφθειρεν with ἐξειστήκει. |
| 10 | τινας | τις | PRON | P---am-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 14 διέφθειρεν | obj | high | |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L---gm-p | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 Αἰγυπτίων | det | high | |
| 12 | Αἰγυπτίων | Αἰγύπτιος | PROPN | Nbmgp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 τινας | nmod | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective with article. |
| 13 | λοχήσας | λοχάω | VERB | V aor act ptcp nom sg m | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 διέφθειρεν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial aorist participle, subject co-referential with Δημήτριος; lexical analysis of λοχάω is somewhat context-sensitive. |
| 14 | διέφθειρεν | διαφθείρω | VERB | V aor act indic 3sg | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 16 πολλούς | advmod | high | Negates the quantified predicate/object phrase. |
| 16 | πολλούς | πολύς | ADJ | A---am-p | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 διέφθειρεν | obj | medium | Accusative adjective, probably elliptical for ‘not many [of them]’; coordinated or appositional to τινας. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 διέφθειρεν | punct | high |
τότε δὲ ἥκοντα Ἀντίγονον οὐχ ὑπομείνας Πτολεμαῖος ἀνεχώρησεν ἐς Αἴγυπτον.
Infinitival/participial construction: ἥκοντα Ἀντίγονον is the accusative subject and participle of the temporal clause, while ὑπομείνας is a circumstantial nominative participle modifying Πτολεμαῖος; οὐχ negates it. The temporal τότε δὲ modifies the main departure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 8 ἀνεχώρησεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 8 ἀνεχώρησεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἥκοντα | ἥκω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ὑπομείνας | advcl | medium | Accusative participle, with Ἀντίγονον as its accusative subject; temporal circumstance. |
| 4 | Ἀντίγονον | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | Nb-AASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἥκοντα | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the participial clause. |
| 5 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 6 ὑπομείνας | advmod | high | Sandhi form before a vowel. |
| 6 | ὑπομείνας | ὑπομένω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ἀνεχώρησεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, sharing the subject Πτολεμαῖος. |
| 7 | Πτολεμαῖος | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | Nb-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνεχώρησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ἀνεχώρησεν | ἀναχωρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 10 Αἴγυπτον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 10 | Αἴγυπτον | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | Nb-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνεχώρησεν | obl | high | Goal complement of ἀνεχώρησεν. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀνεχώρησεν | punct | high |