Grammar parses for passage 1.7.1
Open translation for this passage
οὗτος ὁ Πτολεμαῖος Ἀρσινόης ἀδελφῆς ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἐρασθεὶς ἔγημεν αὐτήν, Μακεδόσιν οὐδαμῶς ποιῶν νομιζόμενα, Αἰγυπτίοις μέντοι ὧν ἦρχε.
The sentence has a main verb ἔγημεν with two supplementary participial constructions; the final ὧν ἦρχε clause is linked to the contrastive μέντοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | pdmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 ἔγημεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | dansm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Πτολεμαῖος | det | high | |
| 3 | Πτολεμαῖος | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | nsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἔγημεν | nsubj | high | Appositional naming of οὗτος. |
| 4 | Ἀρσινόης | Ἀρσινόη | PROPN | nsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀδελφῆς | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ἀδελφῆς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | nsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐρασθεὶς | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ἐρασθείς, with Ἀρσινόης specifying the sister. |
| 6 | ἀμφοτέρωθεν | ἀμφοτέρωθεν | ADV | d-------- | _ | 7 ἐρασθεὶς | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐρασθεὶς | ἐράω | VERB | vpappmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ἔγημεν | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle, ‘having fallen in love’. |
| 8 | ἔγημεν | γαμέω | VERB | viaa3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | pafsa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 ἔγημεν | obj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἔγημεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | Μακεδόσιν | Μακεδών | PROPN | npmd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ποιῶν | obl | high | Dative of reference with ποιῶν. |
| 12 | οὐδαμῶς | οὐδαμῶς | ADV | d-------- | Polarity=Neg | 13 ποιῶν | advmod | high | |
| 13 | ποιῶν | ποιέω | VERB | vppanmsn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἔγημεν | advcl | high | Participial supplement coordinated in sense with the main clause. |
| 14 | νομιζόμενα | νομίζω | VERB | vpppnna | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 ποιῶν | obj | medium | Substantivized passive participle: things/customs considered customary. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ποιῶν | punct | high | |
| 16 | Αἰγυπτίοις | Αἰγύπτιος | PROPN | apmd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἦρχε | obl | high | Dative of reference with ὧν ἦρχε. |
| 17 | μέντοι | μέντοι | ADV | d-------- | _ | 13 ποιῶν | advmod | high | Adversative connective. |
| 18 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | prgpn | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 19 ἦρχε | obj | medium | Relative pronoun, likely genitive object with ἦρχε (‘ruled’). |
| 19 | ἦρχε | ἄρχω | VERB | viia3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 13 ποιῶν | conj | medium | Finite clause coordinated with the participial phrase; ὧν is its genitive object. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἔγημεν | punct | high |
δεύτερα δὲ ἀδελφὸν ἀπέκτεινεν Ἀργαῖον ἐπιβουλεύοντα, ὡς λέγεται, καὶ τὸν Ἀλεξάνδρου νεκρὸν οὗτος ὁ καταγαγὼν ἦν ἐκ Μέμφιδος·
The sentence has an initial ordinal adverbial δεύτερα and an omitted subject for ἀπέκτεινεν; Ἀργαῖον is the object, modified by the participle ἐπιβουλεύοντα. The second clause is a cleft-like relative identification: οὗτος ὁ καταγαγὼν ἦν, with τὸν νεκρὸν Ἀλεξάνδρου as the understood/foregrounded object or predicate-associated noun phrase; attachment of τὸν νεκρόν is syntactically somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δεύτερα | δεύτερος | ADV | Adverbial accusative plural neuter | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἀπέκτεινεν | advmod | high | Accusative neuter plural used adverbially, ‘secondly’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἀπέκτεινεν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating connective. |
| 3 | ἀδελφὸν | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀπέκτεινεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀπέκτεινεν. |
| 4 | ἀπέκτεινεν | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb; subject is implicit from context. |
| 5 | Ἀργαῖον | Ἀργαῖος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀπέκτεινεν | obj | high | Personal name, second object/appositional specification of ἀδελφόν. |
| 6 | ἐπιβουλεύοντα | ἐπιβουλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 Ἀργαῖον | acl | high | Participial modifier of Ἀργαῖον, agreeing in accusative masculine singular. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐπιβουλεύοντα | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 λέγεται | mark | high | Introduces parenthetical reported-evidence clause. |
| 9 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PEI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 4 ἀπέκτεινεν | parataxis | medium | Impersonal/passive ‘it is said’; parenthetical clause. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγεται | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 οὗτος | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause or construction with the preceding statement. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 νεκρὸν | det | high | Article with νεκρόν. |
| 13 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 νεκρὸν | nmod | high | Possessive genitive, ‘of Alexander’. |
| 14 | νεκρὸν | νεκρός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καταγαγὼν | obj | medium | Accusative noun associated with the participial clause; exact syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 15 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | D-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 18 ἦν | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject of ἦν. |
| 16 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καταγαγὼν | det | high | Article substantivizing/agreement-marking the participle. |
| 17 | καταγαγὼν | κατάγω | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἦν | xcomp | high | Substantivized nominative participle, ‘the one who brought down’; complement/predicate of ἦν. |
| 18 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Copular verb in the second coordinated assertion; some analyses treat the whole clause as parenthetical or subordinate to the preceding verb. |
| 19 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 20 Μέμφιδος | case | high | Preposition governing Μέμφιδος. |
| 20 | Μέμφιδος | Μέμφις | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 καταγαγὼν | obl | high | Source adjunct of καταγαγών, ‘from Memphis’. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἦν | punct | high |
ἀπέκτεινε δὲ καὶ ἄλλον ἀδελφὸν γεγονότα ἐξ Εὐρυδίκης, Κυπρίους ἀφιστάντα αἰσθόμενος.
Main verb ἀπέκτεινε takes coordinated object ἄλλον ἀδελφόν, modified by the participles γεγονότα and ἀφιστάντα; αἰσθόμενος is a circumstantial participle with implicit subject (the killer).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπέκτεινε | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀπέκτεινε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀπέκτεινε | cc | high | Coordinates the object phrase with prior discourse. |
| 4 | ἄλλον | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀδελφὸν | amod | high | |
| 5 | ἀδελφὸν | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀπέκτεινε | obj | high | |
| 6 | γεγονότα | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-RAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἀδελφὸν | acl | medium | Perfect participle of γίγνομαι; semantically ‘being/become a brother’, modifying ἀδελφόν. |
| 7 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | P-G | _ | 8 Εὐρυδίκης | case | high | |
| 8 | Εὐρυδίκης | Εὐρυδίκη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 γεγονότα | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐξ within the participial phrase. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 αἰσθόμενος | punct | high | |
| 10 | Κυπρίους | Κύπριος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφιστάντα | obj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally: ‘Cypriots’. |
| 11 | ἀφιστάντα | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἀδελφὸν | acl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with ἀδελφόν; Κυπρίους is its object. |
| 12 | αἰσθόμενος | αἰσθάνομαι | VERB | V-2ADP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 ἀπέκτεινε | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist middle participle, subject coreferential with the implicit subject of ἀπέκτεινε. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀπέκτεινε | punct | high |
Μάγας δὲ ἀδελφὸς ὁμομήτριος Πτολεμαίου παρὰ Βερενίκης τῆς μητρὸς ἀξιωθεὶς ἐπιτροπεύειν Κυρήνην--- ἐγεγόνει δὲ ἐκ Φιλίππου τῇ Βερενίκῃ Μακεδόνος μέν, ἄλλως δὲ ἀγνώστου καὶ ἑνὸς τοῦ δήμου---, τότε δὴ οὗτος ὁ Μάγας ἀποστήσας Πτολεμαίου Κυρηναίους ἤλαυνεν ἐπʼ Αἴγυπτον.
Μάγας is the matrix subject; the participial phrase ἀξιωθεὶς ἐπιτροπεύειν Κυρήνην is circumstantial. The dash-delimited clause explains Berenice's parentage; ἀποστήσας takes Πτολεμαίου as a genitive of separation and governs the final finite clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μάγας | Μάγας | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 ἤλαυνεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 44 ἤλαυνεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀδελφὸς | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Μάγας | appos | high | Apposition to Μάγας. |
| 4 | ὁμομήτριος | ὁμομήτριος | ADJ | A----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀδελφὸς | amod | high | |
| 5 | Πτολεμαίου | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀδελφὸς | nmod | high | Genitive of relationship. |
| 6 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Βερενίκης | case | high | |
| 7 | Βερενίκης | Βερενίκη | PROPN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀξιωθεὶς | obl | high | Agent/source with passive ἀξιωθείς. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | P----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 μητρὸς | det | high | |
| 9 | μητρὸς | μήτηρ | NOUN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Βερενίκης | appos | high | Apposition to Βερενίκης. |
| 10 | ἀξιωθεὶς | ἀξιόω | VERB | V-APP-N בסM- | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 44 ἤλαυνεν | advcl | high | |
| 11 | ἐπιτροπεύειν | ἐπιτροπεύω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἀξιωθεὶς | xcomp | high | Complement of ἀξιωθείς. |
| 12 | Κυρήνην | Κυρήνη | PROPN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐπιτροπεύειν | obj | high | |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἐγεγόνει | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-LAI3S-- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 21 Βερενίκῃ | acl | medium | Pluperfect form, describing Berenice's parentage; syntactic attachment to Βερενίκῃ is understood across the parenthesis. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἐγεγόνει | cc | high | |
| 18 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Φιλίππου | case | high | |
| 19 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐγεγόνει | obl | high | Parentage/source. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | P----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 Βερενίκῃ | det | high | |
| 21 | Βερενίκῃ | Βερενίκη | PROPN | N----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐγεγόνει | iobj | medium | Dative of the woman in the parentage construction. |
| 22 | Μακεδόνος | Μακεδών | NOUN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Φιλίππου | appos | high | Apposition/ethnic designation for Φίλιππος. |
| 23 | μέν | μέν | PART | T-------- | _ | 22 Μακεδόνος | advmod | high | Correlative contrast continued by ἄλλως δέ. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 25 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 27 ἀγνώστου | advmod | high | |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 ἀγνώστου | cc | high | |
| 27 | ἀγνώστου | ἄγνωστος | ADJ | A----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Φιλίππου | conj | high | Predicative characterization of Φίλιππος. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 ἑνὸς | cc | high | |
| 29 | ἑνὸς | εἷς | NUM | M----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Sing | 31 δήμου | nummod | medium | Genitive numeral modifying τοῦ δήμου. |
| 30 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 δήμου | det | high | |
| 31 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἀγνώστου | conj | medium | The phrase ἑνὸς τοῦ δήμου is textually/syntactically compressed; analyzed as coordinated genitive characterization. |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 ἤλαυνεν | punct | high | |
| 36 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 44 ἤλαυνεν | advmod | high | |
| 37 | δὴ | δή | PART | T-------- | _ | 36 τότε | advmod | high | |
| 38 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | P----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 40 Μάγας | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 39 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 40 Μάγας | det | high | |
| 40 | Μάγας | Μάγας | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 ἤλαυνεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἤλαυνεν; coreferential with token 1. |
| 41 | ἀποστήσας | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-AAP-NSM- | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 44 ἤλαυνεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, subject controlled by Μάγας. |
| 42 | Πτολεμαίου | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἀποστήσας | obl | high | Genitive of separation. |
| 43 | Κυρηναίους | Κυρηναῖος | PROPN | N----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 44 ἤλαυνεν | obj | high | People of Cyrene. |
| 44 | ἤλαυνεν | ἐλαύνω | VERB | V-IAI3S-- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 45 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 46 Αἴγυπτον | case | high | |
| 46 | Αἴγυπτον | Αἴγυπτος | PROPN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 44 ἤλαυνεν | obl | high | Goal/direction with ἐπί + accusative. |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 ἤλαυνεν | punct | high |