Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.7.1

← 1.6.81.7.2 →

Passage 1.7.1

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
81Greek tokens
2,514input tokens
5,971output tokens
Sentence 2

1.7.1 sentence 2

Tokens
21
Input
786
Output
1,723
Total
2,509

δεύτερα δὲ ἀδελφὸν ἀπέκτεινεν Ἀργαῖον ἐπιβουλεύοντα, ὡς λέγεται, καὶ τὸν Ἀλεξάνδρου νεκρὸν οὗτος ὁ καταγαγὼν ἦν ἐκ Μέμφιδος·

The sentence has an initial ordinal adverbial δεύτερα and an omitted subject for ἀπέκτεινεν; Ἀργαῖον is the object, modified by the participle ἐπιβουλεύοντα. The second clause is a cleft-like relative identification: οὗτος ὁ καταγαγὼν ἦν, with τὸν νεκρὸν Ἀλεξάνδρου as the understood/foregrounded object or predicate-associated noun phrase; attachment of τὸν νεκρόν is syntactically somewhat uncertain.

parataxis cc advmod obj nsubj obl punct cc det obj obj acl punct mark punct nmod det xcomp case root root 1 δεύτερα δεύτερος / ADV 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἀδελφὸν ἀδελφός / NOUN 4 ἀπέκτεινεν ἀποκτείνω / VERB 5 Ἀργαῖον Ἀργαῖος / PROPN 6 ἐπιβουλεύοντα ἐπιβουλεύω / VERB 7 , , / PUNCT 8 ὡς ὡς / SCONJ 9 λέγεται λέγω / VERB 10 , , / PUNCT 11 καὶ καί / CCONJ 12 τὸν ὁ / DET 13 Ἀλεξάνδρου Ἀλέξανδρος / PROPN 14 νεκρὸν νεκρός / NOUN 15 οὗτος οὗτος / PRON 16 ὁ / DET 17 καταγαγὼν κατάγω / VERB 18 ἦν εἰμί / AUX 19 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 20 Μέμφιδος Μέμφις / PROPN 21 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1δεύτεραδεύτεροςADVAdverbial accusative plural neuterCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur4 ἀπέκτεινενadvmodhighAccusative neuter plural used adverbially, ‘secondly’.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_4 ἀπέκτεινενcchighPostpositive coordinating connective.
3ἀδελφὸνἀδελφόςNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ἀπέκτεινενobjhighDirect object of ἀπέκτεινεν.
4ἀπέκτεινενἀποκτείνωVERBV-AAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighFinite main verb; subject is implicit from context.
5ἈργαῖονἈργαῖοςPROPNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 ἀπέκτεινενobjhighPersonal name, second object/appositional specification of ἀδελφόν.
6ἐπιβουλεύονταἐπιβουλεύωVERBV-PAP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act5 ἈργαῖονaclhighParticipial modifier of Ἀργαῖον, agreeing in accusative masculine singular.
7,,PUNCT__6 ἐπιβουλεύονταpuncthigh
8ὡςὡςSCONJCONJ_9 λέγεταιmarkhighIntroduces parenthetical reported-evidence clause.
9λέγεταιλέγωVERBV-PEI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass4 ἀπέκτεινενparataxismediumImpersonal/passive ‘it is said’; parenthetical clause.
10,,PUNCT__9 λέγεταιpuncthigh
11καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_15 οὗτοςcchighCoordinates the following clause or construction with the preceding statement.
12τὸνDETT-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 νεκρὸνdethighArticle with νεκρόν.
13ἈλεξάνδρουἈλέξανδροςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 νεκρὸνnmodhighPossessive genitive, ‘of Alexander’.
14νεκρὸννεκρόςNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 καταγαγὼνobjmediumAccusative noun associated with the participial clause; exact syntactic attachment is uncertain.
15οὗτοςοὗτοςPROND-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem18 ἦνnsubjhighDemonstrative subject of ἦν.
16DETT-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 καταγαγὼνdethighArticle substantivizing/agreement-marking the participle.
17καταγαγὼνκατάγωVERBV-AAP-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act18 ἦνxcomphighSubstantivized nominative participle, ‘the one who brought down’; complement/predicate of ἦν.
18ἦνεἰμίAUXV-IXI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTrootmediumCopular verb in the second coordinated assertion; some analyses treat the whole clause as parenthetical or subordinate to the preceding verb.
19ἐκἐκADPPREP_20 ΜέμφιδοςcasehighPreposition governing Μέμφιδος.
20ΜέμφιδοςΜέμφιςPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 καταγαγὼνoblhighSource adjunct of καταγαγών, ‘from Memphis’.
21··PUNCT__18 ἦνpuncthigh
Sentence 3

1.7.1 sentence 3

Tokens
13
Input
695
Output
1,045
Total
1,740

ἀπέκτεινε δὲ καὶ ἄλλον ἀδελφὸν γεγονότα ἐξ Εὐρυδίκης, Κυπρίους ἀφιστάντα αἰσθόμενος.

Main verb ἀπέκτεινε takes coordinated object ἄλλον ἀδελφόν, modified by the participles γεγονότα and ἀφιστάντα; αἰσθόμενος is a circumstantial participle with implicit subject (the killer).

punct advcl acl obj punct cc obl cc amod acl case obj root 1 ἀπέκτεινε ἀποκτείνω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 ἄλλον ἄλλος / ADJ 5 ἀδελφὸν ἀδελφός / NOUN 6 γεγονότα γίγνομαι / VERB 7 ἐξ ἐκ / ADP 8 Εὐρυδίκης Εὐρυδίκη / PROPN 9 , , / PUNCT 10 Κυπρίους Κύπριος / PROPN 11 ἀφιστάντα ἀφίστημι / VERB 12 αἰσθόμενος αἰσθάνομαι / VERB 13 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἀπέκτεινεἀποκτείνωVERBV-IAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_1 ἀπέκτεινεcchighPostpositive connective.
3καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_1 ἀπέκτεινεcchighCoordinates the object phrase with prior discourse.
4ἄλλονἄλλοςADJA-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ἀδελφὸνamodhigh
5ἀδελφὸνἀδελφόςNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 ἀπέκτεινεobjhigh
6γεγονόταγίγνομαιVERBV-RAP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act5 ἀδελφὸνaclmediumPerfect participle of γίγνομαι; semantically ‘being/become a brother’, modifying ἀδελφόν.
7ἐξἐκADPP-G_8 Εὐρυδίκηςcasehigh
8ΕὐρυδίκηςΕὐρυδίκηPROPNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 γεγονόταoblhighGenitive complement of ἐξ within the participial phrase.
9,,PUNCT__12 αἰσθόμενοςpuncthigh
10ΚυπρίουςΚύπριοςPROPNN-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur11 ἀφιστάνταobjhighEthnic name used substantivally: ‘Cypriots’.
11ἀφιστάνταἀφίστημιVERBV-PAP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act5 ἀδελφὸνaclhighAccusative participle agreeing with ἀδελφόν; Κυπρίους is its object.
12αἰσθόμενοςαἰσθάνομαιVERBV-2ADP-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid1 ἀπέκτεινεadvclhighCircumstantial aorist middle participle, subject coreferential with the implicit subject of ἀπέκτεινε.
13..PUNCT__1 ἀπέκτεινεpuncthigh
Sentence 4

1.7.1 sentence 4

Tokens
47
Input
1,033
Output
3,203
Total
4,236

Μάγας δὲ ἀδελφὸς ὁμομήτριος Πτολεμαίου παρὰ Βερενίκης τῆς μητρὸς ἀξιωθεὶς ἐπιτροπεύειν Κυρήνην--- ἐγεγόνει δὲ ἐκ Φιλίππου τῇ Βερενίκῃ Μακεδόνος μέν, ἄλλως δὲ ἀγνώστου καὶ ἑνὸς τοῦ δήμου---, τότε δὴ οὗτος ὁ Μάγας ἀποστήσας Πτολεμαίου Κυρηναίους ἤλαυνεν ἐπʼ Αἴγυπτον.

Μάγας is the matrix subject; the participial phrase ἀξιωθεὶς ἐπιτροπεύειν Κυρήνην is circumstantial. The dash-delimited clause explains Berenice's parentage; ἀποστήσας takes Πτολεμαίου as a genitive of separation and governs the final finite clause.

nsubj cc advcl punct punct punct punct punct conj advmod acl iobj conj nsubj obl punct obl appos advcl punct appos nmod appos punct advmod nummod det obl amod case det xcomp obj punct cc case det advmod cc cc det advmod det obl obj case root 1 Μάγας Μάγας / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἀδελφὸς ἀδελφός / NOUN 4 ὁμομήτριος ὁμομήτριος / ADJ 5 Πτολεμαίου Πτολεμαῖος / PROPN 6 παρὰ παρά / ADP 7 Βερενίκης Βερενίκη / PROPN 8 τῆς ὁ / DET 9 μητρὸς μήτηρ / NOUN 10 ἀξιωθεὶς ἀξιόω / VERB 11 ἐπιτροπεύειν ἐπιτροπεύω / VERB 12 Κυρήνην Κυρήνη / PROPN 13 - - / PUNCT 14 - - / PUNCT 15 - - / PUNCT 16 ἐγεγόνει γίγνομαι / VERB 17 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 18 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 19 Φιλίππου Φίλιππος / PROPN 20 τῇ ὁ / DET 21 Βερενίκῃ Βερενίκη / PROPN 22 Μακεδόνος Μακεδών / NOUN 23 μέν μέν / PART 24 , , / PUNCT 25 ἄλλως ἄλλως / ADV 26 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 27 ἀγνώστου ἄγνωστος / ADJ 28 καὶ καί / CCONJ 29 ἑνὸς εἷς / NUM 30 τοῦ ὁ / DET 31 δήμου δῆμος / NOUN 32 - - / PUNCT 33 - - / PUNCT 34 - - / PUNCT 35 , , / PUNCT 36 τότε τότε / ADV 37 δὴ δή / PART 38 οὗτος οὗτος / PRON 39 ὁ / DET 40 Μάγας Μάγας / PROPN 41 ἀποστήσας ἀφίστημι / VERB 42 Πτολεμαίου Πτολεμαῖος / PROPN 43 Κυρηναίους Κυρηναῖος / PROPN 44 ἤλαυνεν ἐλαύνω / VERB 45 ἐπʼ ἐπί / ADP 46 Αἴγυπτον Αἴγυπτος / PROPN 47 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΜάγαςΜάγαςPROPNN----NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing44 ἤλαυνενnsubjhigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_44 ἤλαυνενcchigh
3ἀδελφὸςἀδελφόςNOUNN----NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 ΜάγαςapposhighApposition to Μάγας.
4ὁμομήτριοςὁμομήτριοςADJA----NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 ἀδελφὸςamodhigh
5ΠτολεμαίουΠτολεμαῖοςPROPNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 ἀδελφὸςnmodhighGenitive of relationship.
6παρὰπαράADPR--------_7 Βερενίκηςcasehigh
7ΒερενίκηςΒερενίκηPROPNN----GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 ἀξιωθεὶςoblhighAgent/source with passive ἀξιωθείς.
8τῆςDETP----GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 μητρὸςdethigh
9μητρὸςμήτηρNOUNN----GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ΒερενίκηςapposhighApposition to Βερενίκης.
10ἀξιωθεὶςἀξιόωVERBV-APP-N בסM-Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass44 ἤλαυνενadvclhigh
11ἐπιτροπεύεινἐπιτροπεύωVERBV-PAN----Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act10 ἀξιωθεὶςxcomphighComplement of ἀξιωθείς.
12ΚυρήνηνΚυρήνηPROPNN----ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing11 ἐπιτροπεύεινobjhigh
13--PUNCT__16 ἐγεγόνειpuncthigh
14--PUNCT__16 ἐγεγόνειpuncthigh
15--PUNCT__16 ἐγεγόνειpuncthigh
16ἐγεγόνειγίγνομαιVERBV-LAI3S--Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act21 ΒερενίκῃaclmediumPluperfect form, describing Berenice's parentage; syntactic attachment to Βερενίκῃ is understood across the parenthesis.
17δὲδέCCONJC--------_16 ἐγεγόνειcchigh
18ἐκἐκADPR--------_19 Φιλίππουcasehigh
19ΦιλίππουΦίλιπποςPROPNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 ἐγεγόνειoblhighParentage/source.
20τῇDETP----DSF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing21 Βερενίκῃdethigh
21ΒερενίκῃΒερενίκηPROPNN----DSF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 ἐγεγόνειiobjmediumDative of the woman in the parentage construction.
22ΜακεδόνοςΜακεδώνNOUNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ΦιλίππουapposhighApposition/ethnic designation for Φίλιππος.
23μένμένPARTT--------_22 ΜακεδόνοςadvmodhighCorrelative contrast continued by ἄλλως δέ.
24,,PUNCT__16 ἐγεγόνειpuncthigh
25ἄλλωςἄλλωςADVD--------_27 ἀγνώστουadvmodhigh
26δὲδέCCONJC--------_27 ἀγνώστουcchigh
27ἀγνώστουἄγνωστοςADJA----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ΦιλίππουconjhighPredicative characterization of Φίλιππος.
28καὶκαίCCONJC--------_29 ἑνὸςcchigh
29ἑνὸςεἷςNUMM----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Sing31 δήμουnummodmediumGenitive numeral modifying τοῦ δήμου.
30τοῦDETP----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing31 δήμουdethigh
31δήμουδῆμοςNOUNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing27 ἀγνώστουconjmediumThe phrase ἑνὸς τοῦ δήμου is textually/syntactically compressed; analyzed as coordinated genitive characterization.
32--PUNCT__16 ἐγεγόνειpuncthigh
33--PUNCT__16 ἐγεγόνειpuncthigh
34--PUNCT__16 ἐγεγόνειpuncthigh
35,,PUNCT__44 ἤλαυνενpuncthigh
36τότετότεADVD--------_44 ἤλαυνενadvmodhigh
37δὴδήPARTT--------_36 τότεadvmodhigh
38οὗτοςοὗτοςPRONP----NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem40 ΜάγαςdethighDemonstrative determiner.
39DETP----NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing40 Μάγαςdethigh
40ΜάγαςΜάγαςPROPNN----NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing44 ἤλαυνενnsubjhighSubject of ἤλαυνεν; coreferential with token 1.
41ἀποστήσαςἀφίστημιVERBV-AAP-NSM-Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Act44 ἤλαυνενadvclhighCircumstantial participle, subject controlled by Μάγας.
42ΠτολεμαίουΠτολεμαῖοςPROPNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing41 ἀποστήσαςoblhighGenitive of separation.
43ΚυρηναίουςΚυρηναῖοςPROPNN----APM-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur44 ἤλαυνενobjhighPeople of Cyrene.
44ἤλαυνενἐλαύνωVERBV-IAI3S--Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
45ἐπʼἐπίADPR--------_46 Αἴγυπτονcasehigh
46ΑἴγυπτονΑἴγυπτοςPROPNN----ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing44 ἤλαυνενoblhighGoal/direction with ἐπί + accusative.
47..PUNCT__44 ἤλαυνενpuncthigh
← 1.6.81.7.2 →