Grammar parses for passage 1.8.1
Open translation for this passage
ἀνὴρ Μακεδὼν Δόκιμος ὄνομα, στρατηγὸς Ἀντιγόνου, Λυσιμάχῳ παραδοὺς ὕστερον αὑτὸν καὶ τὰ χρήματα, Φιλέταιρον Παφλαγόνα εἶχεν εὐνοῦχον.
The opening appositional string is compressed and somewhat ambiguous; I treat ἀνὴρ Μακεδὼν Δόκιμος ὄνομα, στρατηγὸς Ἀντιγόνου as layered apposition to the subject, and the final clause as 'he had ... eunuch' with Φιλέταιρον Παφλαγόνα and εὐνοῦχον both attached to εἶχεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 εἶχεν | nsubj | high | Main clause subject. |
| 2 | Μακεδὼν | Μακεδών | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying ἀνήρ. |
| 3 | Δόκιμος | Δόκιμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνὴρ | appos | medium | Name in apposition to ἀνήρ. |
| 4 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 Δόκιμος | nmod | low | Likely 'by name' appositional phrase; could be construed adverbially. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 Δόκιμος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | στρατηγὸς | στρατηγός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Δόκιμος | appos | medium | Another appositive to the subject/name phrase. |
| 7 | Ἀντιγόνου | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 στρατηγὸς | nmod | high | Genitive complement of στρατηγός. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 στρατηγὸς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | Λυσιμάχῳ | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 παραδοὺς | iobj | high | Dative complement of παραδοὺς. |
| 10 | παραδοὺς | παραδίδωμι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 εἶχεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying main verb. |
| 11 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | _ | _ | 10 παραδοὺς | advmod | high | Adverb modifying participle. |
| 12 | αὑτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 10 παραδοὺς | obj | medium | Reflexive object of παραδοὺς. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 χρήματα | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 χρήματα | det | high | Article modifying χρήματα. |
| 15 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 εἶχεν | obj | high | Object of εἶχεν. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 χρήματα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | Φιλέταιρον | Φιλέταιρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 εἶχεν | obj | medium | Likely second object of εἶχεν or predicative complement with 18. |
| 18 | Παφλαγόνα | Παφλαγών | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Φιλέταιρον | amod | medium | Ethnic/appositive modifier of Φιλέταιρον. |
| 19 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 20 | εὐνοῦχον | εὐνοῦχος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 εἶχεν | obj | medium | Possible object/predicate with εἶχεν; annotation chooses object. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 εἶχεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
μέγιστον δέ ἐστίν οἱ τῶν ἔργων· Γαλάτας γὰρ ἐς τὴν γῆν, ἣν ἔτι καὶ νῦν ἔχουσιν, ἀναφυγεῖν ἠνάγκασεν ἀπὸ θαλάσσης.
The clause μέγιστον δέ ἐστίν οἱ τῶν ἔργων is elliptical and syntactically difficult; I treated ἠνάγκασεν as paratactic to the copular clause rather than trying to force a single unified structure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μέγιστον | μέγας | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστίν | xcomp | medium | Likely predicative complement with ἐστίν; neuter nominative/accusative form ambiguous in context. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἐστίν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐστίν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular clause. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ἔργων | det | medium | Article before genitive phrase; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 ἔργων | det | high | Article introducing genitive modifier. |
| 6 | ἔργων | ἔργον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 μέγιστον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μέγιστον, likely part of an elliptical nominal clause. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐστίν | punct | high | Mid-sentence punctuation. |
| 8 | Γαλάτας | Γαλάτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἠνάγκασεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἠνάγκασεν. |
| 9 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 21 ἠνάγκασεν | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 12 γῆν | case | high | Preposition governing γῆν. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 γῆν | det | high | Article modifying γῆν. |
| 12 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀναφυγεῖν | obj | medium | Goal/complement of ἀναφυγεῖν with preposition ἐς. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 γῆν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 12 γῆν | acl:relcl | high | Relative pronoun introducing clause modifying γῆν. |
| 15 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 18 ἔχουσιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχουσιν. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 νῦν | advmod | medium | Correlative/adjunctive particle in fixed phrase καὶ νῦν. |
| 17 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | _ | _ | 18 ἔχουσιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχουσιν. |
| 18 | ἔχουσιν | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 ἣν | acl | medium | Finite verb of relative clause; exact attachment to ἣν. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἠνάγκασεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | ἀναφυγεῖν | ἀναφεύγω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 ἠνάγκασεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive of ἠνάγκασεν. |
| 21 | ἠνάγκασεν | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ἐστίν | parataxis | medium | Main finite clause following the copular sentence; treated as paratactic to ἐστίν. |
| 22 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 23 θαλάσσης | case | high | Preposition governing θαλάσσης. |
| 23 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀναφυγεῖν | obl | high | Source/origin phrase with ἀπό modifying ἀναφυγεῖν. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἠνάγκασεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |