Grammar parses for passage 1.9.1
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ Φιλομήτωρ καλούμενος ὄγδοος μέν ἐστιν ἀπόγονος Πτολεμαίου τοῦ Λάγου, τὴν δὲ ἐπίκλησιν ἔσχεν ἐπὶ χλευασμῷ.
The subject is Φιλομήτωρ, with καλούμενος as a supplementary participle; ὄγδοος ... ἀπόγονος forms the first predicate, while τὴν ἐπίκλησιν ἔσχεν ἐπὶ χλευασμῷ gives the second coordinated predicate. The article τοῦ modifies the genitive proper name Λάγου.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Φιλομήτωρ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Φιλομήτωρ | Φιλομήτωρ | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Personal epithet/name functioning as the subject. |
| 4 | καλούμενος | καλέω | VERB | V-PMPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 3 Φιλομήτωρ | acl | medium | Supplementary/passive participle, 'being called'; attached to the subject. |
| 5 | ὄγδοος | ὄγδοος | ADJ | A-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπόγονος | amod | high | |
| 6 | μέν | μέν | PART | Df-------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with following δέ. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἀπόγονος | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | attr | high | Predicate nominative with εἰμί. |
| 9 | Πτολεμαίου | Πτολεμαῖος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπόγονος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀπόγονος. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Λάγου | det | high | |
| 11 | Λάγου | Λάγος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Πτολεμαίου | appos | high | Patronymic/appositional genitive identifying Ptolemy. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 ἐπίκλησιν | det | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἔσχεν | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate with the first. |
| 15 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἔσχεν. |
| 16 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-AAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate. |
| 17 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 χλευασμῷ | case | high | Takes the dative here. |
| 18 | χλευασμῷ | χλευασμός | NOUN | N----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἔσχεν | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί, expressing purpose or motive ('in mockery'). |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high |
οὐ γάρ τινα τῶν βασιλέων μισηθέντα ἴσμεν ἐς τοσόνδε ὑπὸ μητρός, ὃν πρεσβύτατον ὄντα τῶν παίδων ἡ μήτηρ οὐκ εἴα καλεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρχήν, πρότερον δὲ ἐς Κύπρον ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρὸς πεμφθῆναι πράξασα·
The relative clause headed by ὃν modifies τινα; ὄντα is circumstantial/predicative with ὃν, while πράξασα introduces the prior sending action and takes πεμφθῆναι as its infinitival complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | negar | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἴσμεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 7 ἴσμεν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | τινα | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 6 μισηθέντα | obj | medium | Accusative singular, agreeing substantively with βασιλέων contextually. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 βασιλέων | det | high | |
| 5 | βασιλέων | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 τινα | nmod | high | |
| 6 | μισηθέντα | μισέω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 ἴσμεν | xcomp | medium | Aorist passive participle, predicative/object-complement with τινα. |
| 7 | ἴσμεν | οἶδα | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 9 τοσόνδε | case | high | |
| 9 | τοσόνδε | τοσόσδε | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 6 μισηθέντα | obl | medium | Accusative extent expression; lemma/form may be treated adjectivally. |
| 10 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 11 μητρός | case | high | |
| 11 | μητρός | μήτηρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μισηθέντα | obl:agent | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἴσμεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 15 ὄντα | obj | high | Relative pronoun, antecedent τινα. |
| 14 | πρεσβύτατον | πρέσβυς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ὄντα | xcomp | high | Superlative predicate with ὄντα. |
| 15 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 εἴα | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle linked to εἴα; ὃν is its subject. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 παίδων | det | high | |
| 17 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 πρεσβύτατον | nmod | high | |
| 18 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 μήτηρ | det | high | |
| 19 | μήτηρ | μήτηρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 εἴα | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | Polarity=Neg | 21 εἴα | advmod | high | |
| 21 | εἴα | ἐάω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἴσμεν | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 22 | καλεῖν | καλέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 εἴα | xcomp | high | |
| 23 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 25 ἀρχήν | case | high | |
| 24 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 25 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 καλεῖν | obl | high | |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἴσμεν | punct | high | |
| 27 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | _ | Degree=Cmp | 35 πράξασα | advmod | high | |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 35 πράξασα | cc | high | |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 30 Κύπρον | case | high | |
| 30 | Κύπρον | Κύπρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 πεμφθῆναι | obl | high | |
| 31 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 33 πατρὸς | case | high | |
| 32 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 πατρὸς | det | high | |
| 33 | πατρὸς | πατήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 πεμφθῆναι | obl:agent | high | |
| 34 | πεμφθῆναι | πέμπω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 35 πράξασα | xcomp | high | Aorist passive infinitive, complementary to πράξασα. |
| 35 | πράξασα | πράσσω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 εἴα | advcl | medium | Aorist participle with μήτηρ as understood subject; coordinates the prior action. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἴσμεν | punct | high |
τῆς δὲ ἐς τὸν παῖδα τῇ Κλεοπάτρᾳ δυσνοίας λέγουσιν ἄλλας τε αἰτίας καὶ ὅτι Ἀλέξανδρον τὸν νεώτερον τῶν παίδων κατήκοον ἔσεσθαι μᾶλλον ἤλπιζε.
The genitive phrase τῆς ... δυσνοίας is the object of λέγουσιν in the sense “they report causes for Cleopatra’s hostility”; ὅτι introduces the content of ἤλπιζε, with Ἀλέξανδρον accusative subject of the infinitive ἔσεσθαι and κατήκοον predicate adjective. The attachment of the dative τῇ Κλεοπάτρᾳ is construed as the person experiencing the hostility; confidence is medium.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 δυσνοίας | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 παῖδα | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----MAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 5 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N--AMS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 δυσνοίας | nmod | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Κλεοπάτρᾳ | det | high | |
| 7 | Κλεοπάτρᾳ | Κλεοπάτρα | PROPN | N--DFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 δυσνοίας | iobj | medium | Dative of the person affected/experiencer; some analyses may attach it differently within the genitive phrase. |
| 8 | δυσνοίας | δύνοια | NOUN | N--GFS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 λέγουσιν | obj | medium | The form δυσνοίας is parsed as a genitive noun meaning hostility/ill will; lexical parsing is somewhat uncertain. |
| 9 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἄλλας | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--APF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 αἰτίας | amod | high | |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 αἰτίας | cc | high | Correlative τε with καί. |
| 12 | αἰτίας | αἰτία | NOUN | N--APF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 λέγουσιν | obj | high | Coordinated accusative object of λέγουσιν. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ὅτι | cc | high | Coordinates the nominal reason with the ὅτι-clause. |
| 14 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ἤλπιζε | mark | high | Introduces the content clause of ἤλπιζε. |
| 15 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N--AMS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἔσεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----MAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 νεώτερον | det | high | |
| 17 | νεώτερον | νέος | ADJ | A--AMS--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ἀλέξανδρον | amod | high | Substantivally modifies Alexander: the younger. |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 παίδων | det | high | |
| 19 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 νεώτερον | nmod | high | Genitive of comparison/reference with νεώτερον. |
| 20 | κατήκοον | κατήκοος | ADJ | A--AMS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἔσεσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective of the infinitive’s accusative subject. |
| 21 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-FMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 23 ἤλπιζε | ccomp | high | Future infinitive governed by ἤλπιζε. |
| 22 | μᾶλλον | μάλα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 23 ἤλπιζε | advmod | medium | Comparative adverb, modifying ἤλπιζε or the expected state. |
| 23 | ἤλπιζε | ἐλπίζω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 14 ὅτι | acl | high | Finite verb of the ὅτι content clause. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἑλέσθαι βασιλέα Ἀλέξανδρον ἔπειθεν Αἰγυπτίους·
ἔπειθεν governs an accusative-and-infinitive construction: Αἰγυπτίους is the understood subject of ἑλέσθαι, with Ἀλέξανδρον as its predicative accusative; διὰ τοῦτο is causal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἔπειθεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 3 τοῦτο | case | high | With the accusative, causal. |
| 3 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | P-G----N-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 ἔπειθεν | obl | high | Causal accusative phrase with διά. |
| 4 | ἑλέσθαι | αἱρέομαι | VERB | V-2AMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 ἔπειθεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 5 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀλέξανδρον | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative agreeing with Ἀλέξανδρον. |
| 6 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 4 ἑλέσθαι | obj | high | Object/predicative complement of the choosing infinitive. |
| 7 | ἔπειθεν | πείθω | VERB | V-IAI-3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | Αἰγυπτίους | Αἰγύπτιος | PROPN | A-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Nat|Number=Plur | 7 ἔπειθεν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔπειθεν and understood subject of ἑλέσθαι. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔπειθεν | punct | high |