Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.1.2

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Passage 10.1.2

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3sentences parsed

74Greek tokens

2,453input tokens

5,330output tokens

Sentence 1

10.1.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 29
Input: 846
Output: 2,040
Total: 2,886

τὰ μὲν δὴ ἀπαντικρὺ Πελοποννήσου καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ Βοιωτίας καθήκουσιν ἐπὶ θάλασσαν οἱ Φωκεῖς, τῇ μὲν ἐς Κίρραν τὸ ἐπίνειον Δελφῶν, τῇ δʼ ἐπὶ Ἀντίκυραν πόλιν·

The clause is coordinated and somewhat elliptical: the first two neuter-plural articles likely stand for implied subjects ('regions/parts'), while the later dative article phrases introduce directional obliques with omitted or appositive nouns.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	l-p---na-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	14 Φωκεῖς	det	high	Article with implied neuter plural substantive.
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	d--------	_	1 τὰ	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	d--------	_	10 καθήκουσιν	discourse	high	Emphatic particle.
4	ἀπαντικρὺ	ἀπαντικρύ	ADV	d--------	_	10 καθήκουσιν	advmod	high	Adverb modifying the verb.
5	Πελοποννήσου	Πελοπόννησος	PROPN	n-s---fg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 ἀπαντικρὺ	obl	medium	Genitive of reference/position with ἀπαντικρύ.
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	c--------	_	1 τὰ	cc	high	Coordinates the two neuter-plural subjects.
7	τὰ	ὁ	DET	l-p---na-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	14 Φωκεῖς	det	high	Article with implied neuter plural substantive.
8	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	r--------	_	9 Βοιωτίας	case	high	Preposition governing Βοιωτίας.
9	Βοιωτίας	Βοιωτία	PROPN	n-s---fg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 καθήκουσιν	obl	medium	Genitive after ἐπί; likely 'toward/along Boeotia'.
10	καθήκουσιν	καθήκω	VERB	v3ppia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the sentence.
11	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	r--------	_	12 θάλασσαν	case	high	Preposition governing θάλασσαν.
12	θάλασσαν	θάλασσα	NOUN	n-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 καθήκουσιν	obl	high	Goal/direction with ἐπί.
13	οἱ	ὁ	DET	l-p---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	14 Φωκεῖς	det	high	Article with proper noun subject.
14	Φωκεῖς	Φωκεύς	PROPN	n-p---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 καθήκουσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of καθήκουσιν.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 καθήκουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
16	τῇ	ὁ	DET	l-s---fd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	19 Κίρραν	det	high	Article in dative phrase.
17	μὲν	μέν	PART	d--------	_	16 τῇ	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
18	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	r--------	_	19 Κίρραν	case	high	Preposition governing Κίρραν.
19	Κίρραν	Κίρρα	PROPN	n-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 καθήκουσιν	obl	high	Directional oblique with ἐς.
20	τὸ	ὁ	DET	l-s---na-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	21 ἐπίνειον	det	high	Article with appositive noun.
21	ἐπίνειον	ἐπίνειον	NOUN	n-s---na-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	19 Κίρραν	appos	medium	Apposition/explanation of Κίρραν: 'the harbor-town'.
22	Δελφῶν	Δελφοί	PROPN	n-p---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ἐπίνειον	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἐπίνειον.
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 καθήκουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
24	τῇ	ὁ	DET	l-s---fd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	27 Ἀντίκυραν	det	high	Article with omitted noun implied by πόλιν.
25	δʼ	δέ	PART	d--------	_	24 τῇ	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
26	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	r--------	_	27 Ἀντίκυραν	case	high	Preposition governing Ἀντίκυραν.
27	Ἀντίκυραν	Ἀντίκυρα	PROPN	n-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 καθήκουσιν	obl	high	Directional oblique with ἐπί.
28	πόλιν	πόλις	NOUN	n-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 Ἀντίκυραν	appos	medium	Apposition to Ἀντίκυραν, clarifying it as a city.
29	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	10 καθήκουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 2

10.1.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 14
Input: 715
Output: 1,089
Total: 1,804

τὰ δὲ πρὸς τοῦ Λαμιακοῦ κόλπου Λοκροὶ σφᾶς παραθαλασσίους οἱ Ὑποκνημίδιοι κωλύουσιν εἶναι·

The syntax is slightly awkward: Λοκροὶ and οἱ Ὑποκνημίδιοι appear to refer to the same group, with the latter likely appositive to the former.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	S-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	12 κωλύουσιν	obj	high	Likely article functioning substantively with the following prepositional phrase.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	12 κωλύουσιν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	R	_	6 κόλπου	case	high	Introduces genitive complement.
4	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	S-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 κόλπου	det	high
5	Λαμιακοῦ	Λαμιακός	ADJ	A-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 κόλπου	amod	high	Attributive adjective modifying κόλπου.
6	κόλπου	κόλπος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 πρὸς	obl	high	Object of πρός.
7	Λοκροὶ	Λοκρός	PROPN	A-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 κωλύουσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of κωλύουσιν.
8	σφᾶς	σφεῖς	PRON	P-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	12 κωλύουσιν	obj	high	Reflexive/third-person pronoun in accusative.
9	παραθαλασσίους	παραθαλάσσιος	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 σφᾶς	xcomp	medium	Predicative complement with εἶναι; agreement with σφᾶς.
10	οἱ	ὁ	DET	S-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	11 Ὑποκνημίδιοι	det	high
11	Ὑποκνημίδιοι	Ὑποκνημίδιοι	PROPN	A-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 κωλύουσιν	nsubj	high	Appositional/alternative subject reading for the same agent as Λοκροὶ; text likely appositive.
12	κωλύουσιν	κωλύω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
13	εἶναι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAI	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	12 κωλύουσιν	xcomp	high	Complement infinitive.
14	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	12 κωλύουσιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

10.1.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 31
Input: 892
Output: 2,201
Total: 3,093

οὗτοι γὰρ δή εἰσιν οἱ ταύτῃ τὴν Φωκίδα ὑπεροικοῦντες, Σκαρφεῖς μὲν τὰ ἐπέκεινα Ἐλατείας, ὑπὲρ δὲ Ὑάμπολιν καὶ Ἄβας οἱ πόλιν τε Ὀποῦντα καὶ Ὀπουντίων ἐπίνειον νεμόμενοι Κῦνον.

The syntax is a copular identification with two participial appositives; the hardest points are ταύτῃ, the coordination around Ὑάμπολιν καὶ Ἄβας, and the internal apposition of πόλιν τε Ὀποῦντα καὶ Ὀπουντίων ἐπίνειον Κῦνον.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οὗτοι	οὗτος	PRON	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	4 εἰσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of εἰσιν.
2	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	_	_	4 εἰσιν	discourse	high	Postpositive particle.
3	δή	δή	PART	_	_	4 εἰσιν	discourse	high	Emphatic particle.
4	εἰσιν	εἰμί	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular root.
5	οἱ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 ὑπεροικοῦντες	det	high	Article with participle used substantivally.
6	ταύτῃ	οὗτος	ADV	_	PronType=Dem	9 ὑπεροικοῦντες	advmod	medium	Likely adverbial 'here/by this route'; form could also be dative fem. sg. of demonstrative.
7	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 Φωκίδα	det	high	Article with Φωκίδα.
8	Φωκίδα	Φωκίς	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ὑπεροικοῦντες	obj	high	Object of ὑπεροικοῦντες.
9	ὑπεροικοῦντες	ὑπεροικέω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	1 οὗτοι	acl:relcl	high	Participle modifying οὗτοι.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 ὑπεροικοῦντες	punct	high	Punctuation.
11	Σκαρφεῖς	Σκαρφεύς	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 εἰσιν	appos	medium	Appositional identification of οὗτοι.
12	μὲν	μέν	PART	_	_	11 Σκαρφεῖς	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
13	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	14 ἐπέκεινα	det	high	Article with ἐπέκεινα.
14	ἐπέκεινα	ἐπέκεινα	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	11 Σκαρφεῖς	obl	medium	Used substantivally: 'the regions beyond'.
15	Ἐλατείας	Ἐλάτεια	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐπέκεινα	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἐπέκεινα.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	11 Σκαρφεῖς	punct	high	Punctuation.
17	ὑπὲρ	ὑπέρ	ADP	_	_	29 νεμόμενοι	case	high	Preposition with following coordinated place names.
18	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	29 νεμόμενοι	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
19	Ὑάμπολιν	Ὑάμπολις	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 νεμόμενοι	obl	high	Object of ὑπέρ; part of coordinated list.
20	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	21 Ἄβας	cc	high	Coordinator.
21	Ἄβας	Ἄβαι	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	19 Ὑάμπολιν	conj	medium	Likely coordinated with Ὑάμπολιν.
22	οἱ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	29 νεμόμενοι	det	high	Article with participle νεμόμενοι.
23	πόλιν	πόλις	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 νεμόμενοι	obj	high	Object of νεμόμενοι.
24	τε	τε	PART	_	_	23 πόλιν	discourse	high	Enclitic connective.
25	Ὀποῦντα	Ὀποῦς	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 πόλιν	appos	high	Apposition to πόλιν.
26	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	27 Ὀπουντίων	cc	high	Coordinator.
27	Ὀπουντίων	Ὀπούντιοι	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	23 πόλιν	nmod	medium	Genitive dependence on πόλιν/ἐπίνειον complex.
28	ἐπίνειον	ἐπίνειον	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	23 πόλιν	appos	high	Apposition to πόλιν.
29	νεμόμενοι	νέμω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	1 οὗτοι	conj	high	Second participial description of οὗτοι.
30	Κῦνον	Κῦνος	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	29 νεμόμενοι	obj	high	Object of νεμόμενοι.
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	4 εἰσιν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

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