Grammar parses for passage 10.1.2
Open translation for this passage
τὰ μὲν δὴ ἀπαντικρὺ Πελοποννήσου καὶ τὰ ἐπὶ Βοιωτίας καθήκουσιν ἐπὶ θάλασσαν οἱ Φωκεῖς, τῇ μὲν ἐς Κίρραν τὸ ἐπίνειον Δελφῶν, τῇ δʼ ἐπὶ Ἀντίκυραν πόλιν·
The subject οἱ Φωκεῖς governs καθήκουσιν; τὰ ... τὰ ... are coordinated neuter plural subjects, while τῇ ... τῇ ... introduce two dative-locative subdivisions. The second clause is elliptical, with πόλιν understood as parallel to τὸ ἐπίνειον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T--NPN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 καθήκουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 1 τὰ | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 10 καθήκουσιν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἀπαντικρὺ | ἀπαντικρύ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 καθήκουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 5 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | Nbsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἀπαντικρὺ | obl | high | Genitive with ἀπαντικρύ. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 τὰ | cc | high | |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T--NPN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 τὰ | conj | high | Second coordinated neuter subject. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Βοιωτίας | case | high | |
| 9 | Βοιωτίας | Βοιωτία | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 τὰ | nmod | high | Genitive governed by ἐπί. |
| 10 | καθήκουσιν | καθήκω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 θάλασσαν | case | high | |
| 12 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 καθήκουσιν | obl | high | Direction toward the sea. |
| 13 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T--NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 Φωκεῖς | det | high | |
| 14 | Φωκεῖς | Φωκεύς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 καθήκουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 καθήκουσιν | punct | high | |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐς | obl | medium | Dative of route/region; article substantivizes an implied phrase. |
| 17 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 16 τῇ | discourse | high | |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Κίρραν | case | high | |
| 19 | Κίρραν | Κίρρα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 τῇ | nmod | medium | Destination phrase coordinated with the following τῇ ... ἐπί phrase. |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἐπίνειον | det | high | |
| 21 | ἐπίνειον | ἐπίνειον | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 τῇ | appos | medium | Appositional phrase: the harbor of Delphi. |
| 22 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἐπίνειον | nmod | high | |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 καθήκουσιν | punct | high | |
| 24 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἐπὶ | conj | medium | Correlative second dative phrase. |
| 25 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 τῇ | cc | high | Elided δέ. |
| 26 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 Ἀντίκυραν | case | high | |
| 27 | Ἀντίκυραν | Ἀντίκυρα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 τῇ | nmod | high | |
| 28 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 τῇ | appos | medium | Accusative apposition, with ellipsis/coordination relative to τὸ ἐπίνειον. |
| 29 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 καθήκουσιν | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ πρὸς τοῦ Λαμιακοῦ κόλπου Λοκροὶ σφᾶς παραθαλασσίους οἱ Ὑποκνημίδιοι κωλύουσιν εἶναι·
The neuter plural subject τὰ ... is understood as τὰ μέρη/χωρία; πρὸς with genitive marks the side toward the Lamian Gulf. Λοκροὶ is the accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι, while σφᾶς and παραθαλασσίους are its predicate accusative complement; οἱ Ὑποκνημίδιοι is the finite subject of κωλύουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T--NPA-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 κωλύουσιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter article; head noun such as μέρη is elided. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 κωλύουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 κόλπου | case | high | With genitive, directional/locative sense 'toward/on the side of'. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-SGNSG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Λαμιακοῦ | det | high | |
| 5 | Λαμιακοῦ | Λαμιακός | ADJ | A-SGNSG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κόλπου | amod | high | Proper adjective modifying κόλπου. |
| 6 | κόλπου | κόλπος | NOUN | N-SGMS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Λοκροὶ | nmod | high | Genitive complement within the subject phrase. |
| 7 | Λοκροὶ | Λοκρός | PROPN | N--NPM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of εἶναι is expected syntactically; form is nominative plural, likely an orthographic/textual irregularity or attraction. |
| 8 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3AP--- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 παραθαλασσίους | obj | high | Reflexive/oblique pronoun, object-oriented with παραθαλασσίους. |
| 9 | παραθαλασσίους | παραθαλάσσιος | ADJ | A---APM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative adjective with εἶναι, agreeing with Λοκροί in sense. |
| 10 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 Ὑποκνημίδιοι | det | high | |
| 11 | Ὑποκνημίδιοι | Ὑποκνημίδιος | PROPN | N-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 κωλύουσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name, subject of κωλύουσιν. |
| 12 | κωλύουσιν | κωλύω | VERB | V-PIA3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 κωλύουσιν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after κωλύω; Λοκροὶ is interpreted as its accusative subject despite nominative form. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 κωλύουσιν | punct | high |
οὗτοι γὰρ δή εἰσιν οἱ ταύτῃ τὴν Φωκίδα ὑπεροικοῦντες, Σκαρφεῖς μὲν τὰ ἐπέκεινα Ἐλατείας, ὑπὲρ δὲ Ὑάμπολιν καὶ Ἄβας οἱ πόλιν τε Ὀποῦντα καὶ Ὀπουντίων ἐπίνειον νεμόμενοι Κῦνον.
The sentence identifies οὗτοι through the substantivized participle ὑπεροικοῦντες, then supplies coordinated geographic specifications; the second οἱ substantivizes νεμόμενοι, with Κῦνον as its object and the harbor-town phrase in apposition to Ὀποῦντα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _=_ | 4 εἰσιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δή | δή | PART | _ | _=_ | 4 εἰσιν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 ὑπεροικοῦντες | det | high | Article substantivizes the participial phrase. |
| 6 | ταύτῃ | οὗτος | ADV | PD-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 9 ὑπεροικοῦντες | advmod | medium | Dative demonstrative used adverbially, ‘in this direction/way’. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Φωκίδα | det | high | |
| 8 | Φωκίδα | Φωκίς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὑπεροικοῦντες | obj | high | |
| 9 | ὑπεροικοῦντες | ὑπεροικέω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 εἰσιν | ccomp | high | Substantivized attributive participle under οἱ. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ὑπεροικοῦντες | punct | high | |
| 11 | Σκαρφεῖς | Σκαρφεύς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 νεμόμενοι | nsubj | medium | Nominal subject of νεμόμενοι in the first coordinated specification. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _=_ | 11 Σκαρφεῖς | discourse | high | |
| 13 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 ἐπέκεινα | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐπέκεινα | ἐπέκεινα | ADV | _ | _=_ | 11 Σκαρφεῖς | appos | medium | Substantivized/adverbial expression, ‘the region beyond’. |
| 15 | Ἐλατείας | Ἐλάτεια | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπέκεινα | nmod | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 Σκαρφεῖς | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P-GEN | _ | 19 Ὑάμπολιν | case | high | |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _=_ | 22 οἱ | cc | high | |
| 19 | Ὑάμπολιν | Ὑάμπολις | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 νεμόμενοι | obl | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _=_ | 21 Ἄβας | cc | high | |
| 21 | Ἄβας | Ἄβαι | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 Ὑάμπολιν | conj | high | Coordinated with Ὑάμπολιν after ὑπέρ. |
| 22 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 29 νεμόμενοι | det | high | Substantivizing article for νεμόμενοι. |
| 23 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 Ὀποῦντα | obj | high | |
| 24 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _=_ | 23 πόλιν | cc | high | |
| 25 | Ὀποῦντα | Ὀποῦς | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 νεμόμενοι | obj | high | Object of νεμόμενοι; appositional to πόλιν. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _=_ | 27 Ὀπουντίων | cc | high | |
| 27 | Ὀπουντίων | Ὀπουντίων | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἐπίνειον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐπίνειον. |
| 28 | ἐπίνειον | ἐπίνειον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 Ὀποῦντα | appos | high | Apposition to Ὀποῦντα: the harbor-town of the Opuntians. |
| 29 | νεμόμενοι | νέμω | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ὑπεροικοῦντες | conj | medium | Coordinated participial specification; Σκαρφεῖς and the following οἱ phrase are coordinated subjects/participants. |
| 30 | Κῦνον | Κῦνος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 νεμόμενοι | obj | high | |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἰσιν | punct | high |