Grammar parses for passage 10.1.4
Open translation for this passage
ὡς δὲ οἱ Θεσσαλοὶ μείζονι ἢ τὰ πρότερα ἐς τοὺς Φωκέας χρώμενοι τῇ ὀργῇ συνελέχθησαν ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων πασῶν καὶ ἐς τὴν Φωκίδα ἐστρατεύοντο, ἐνταῦθα οἱ Φωκεῖς ἐν οὐ μικρῷ ποιούμενοι δείματι τήν τε ἄλλην τῶν Θεσσαλῶν ἐς τὸν πόλεμον παρασκευὴν καὶ οὐχ ἥκιστα τῆς ἵππου τὸ πλῆθος καὶ ὁμοῦ τῷ ἀριθμῷ τὴν ἐς τοὺς ἀγῶνας τῶν τε ἵππων καὶ αὐτῶν μελέτην τῶν ἱππέων, ἀποστέλλουσιν ἐς Δελφοὺς αἰτοῦντες τὸν θεὸν ἐκφυγεῖν τὸν ἐπιόντα κίνδυνον·
Complex participial and coordinated structure; ἐνταῦθα introduces the main clause, with ποιούμενοι agreeing with οἱ Φωκεῖς and ἀποστέλλουσιν as the finite matrix verb. The phrase τὴν ... παρασκευὴν καὶ ... μελέτην is coordinated object of ποιούμενοι; ὁμοῦ τῷ ἀριθμῷ modifies the second coordinated object. Token 5 μείζονι is comparative instrumental/dative with χρώμενοι, while ἢ τὰ πρότερα supplies the comparison.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 15 συνελέχθησαν | mark | high | Temporal/conjunctional ὡς introducing the Thessalian subordinate clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 συνελέχθησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-_ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Θεσσαλοὶ | det | high | |
| 4 | Θεσσαλοὶ | Θεσσαλός | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 συνελέχθησαν | nsubj | high | Subject of συνελέχθησαν and ἐστρατεύοντο. |
| 5 | μείζονι | μέγας | ADJ | A-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 χρώμενοι | obl | medium | Comparative dative/instrumental with χρώμενοι; elliptical object/measure understood. |
| 6 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 μείζονι | mark | high | Comparative conjunction. |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 πρότερα | det | high | |
| 8 | πρότερα | πρότερος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 μείζονι | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘the earlier [conduct/anger]’. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 Φωκέας | case | high | |
| 10 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 Φωκέας | det | high | |
| 11 | Φωκέας | Φωκεύς | PROPN | N-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 χρώμενοι | obl | high | Object of χράομαι with ἐς. |
| 12 | χρώμενοι | χράομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 15 συνελέχθησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the Thessalians. |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ὀργῇ | det | high | |
| 14 | ὀργῇ | ὀργή | NOUN | N-DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 χρώμενοι | obl | high | Dative of instrument/content with χρώμενοι. |
| 15 | συνελέχθησαν | συλλέγω | VERB | V-API-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 24 ἐστρατεύοντο | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ὡς-clause. |
| 16 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 πόλεων | case | high | |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 πόλεων | det | high | |
| 18 | πόλεων | πόλις | NOUN | N-GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 συνελέχθησαν | obl | high | |
| 19 | πασῶν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-GPF- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 πόλεων | amod | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 ἐστρατεύοντο | cc | high | Coordinates συνελέχθησαν and ἐστρατεύοντο. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 Φωκίδα | case | high | |
| 22 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 Φωκίδα | det | high | |
| 23 | Φωκίδα | Φωκίς | PROPN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐστρατεύοντο | obl | high | Destination of ἐστρατεύοντο. |
| 24 | ἐστρατεύοντο | στρατεύω | VERB | V-IPI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 67 ἀποστέλλουσιν | advcl | high | Second coordinated verb in the ὡς-clause; main clause is ἀποστέλλουσιν. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐστρατεύοντο | punct | high | |
| 26 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | ADV | PronType=Dem | 67 ἀποστέλλουσιν | advmod | high | Locative/then adverb introducing the main clause. |
| 27 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 Φωκεῖς | det | high | |
| 28 | Φωκεῖς | Φωκεύς | PROPN | N-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 67 ἀποστέλλουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ποιούμενοι and ἀποστέλλουσιν. |
| 29 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 33 δείματι | case | high | |
| 30 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Qუ | Polarity=Neg | 32 ποιούμενοι | advmod | high | Negates μικρῷ ποιούμενοι δείματι. |
| 31 | μικρῷ | μικρός | ADJ | A-DSN- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 δείματι | amod | high | Neuter dative agreeing with δείματι. |
| 32 | ποιούμενοι | ποιέω | VERB | V-PMP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 67 ἀποστέλλουσιν | advcl | high | Participial clause: ‘being greatly afraid/holding in fear’. |
| 33 | δείματι | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 ποιούμενοι | obl | high | Dative with ποιεῖσθαι, idiomatically ‘in fear’. |
| 34 | τήν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 42 παρασκευὴν | det | high | |
| 35 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 42 παρασκευὴν | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 36 | ἄλλην | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-ASF- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 παρασκευὴν | amod | high | |
| 37 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 38 Θεσσαλῶν | det | high | |
| 38 | Θεσσαλῶν | Θεσσαλός | PROPN | N-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 42 παρασκευὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on παρασκευὴν. |
| 39 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 41 πόλεμον | case | high | |
| 40 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 41 πόλεμον | det | high | |
| 41 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 παρασκευὴν | nmod | high | Purpose/domain complement of παρασκευή. |
| 42 | παρασκευὴν | παρασκευή | NOUN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ποιούμενοι | obj | high | First coordinated object of ποιούμενοι. |
| 43 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 49 πλῆθος | cc | medium | Coordinates παρασκευήν and πλῆθος/μελέτην structure. |
| 44 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | Qუ | Polarity=Neg | 45 ἥκιστα | advmod | high | Negation in the idiom οὐχ ἥκιστα. |
| 45 | ἥκιστα | ἥκιστα | ADV | ADV | Degree=Sup | 49 πλῆθος | advmod | high | Superlative adverb, ‘not least/especially’. |
| 46 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 47 ἵππου | det | high | |
| 47 | ἵππου | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 49 πλῆθος | nmod | high | Dependent genitive: ‘of the cavalry/horse’. |
| 48 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 49 πλῆθος | det | high | |
| 49 | πλῆθος | πλῆθος | NOUN | N-NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 42 παρασκευὴν | conj | medium | Coordinated item, ‘the size/number of the cavalry’; syntactically coordinated with παρασκευήν. |
| 50 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 63 μελέτην | cc | high | Coordinates the two accusative objects παρασκευήν/πλῆθος and μελέτην. |
| 51 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | ADV | _ | 53 ἀριθμῷ | advmod | high | Adverb ‘together/also’, modifying τῷ ἀριθμῷ. |
| 52 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 53 ἀριθμῷ | det | high | |
| 53 | ἀριθμῷ | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 63 μελέτην | obl | medium | Dative of measure/reference with μελέτην. |
| 54 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 63 μελέτην | det | high | |
| 55 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 57 ἀγῶνας | case | high | |
| 56 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 57 ἀγῶνας | det | high | |
| 57 | ἀγῶνας | ἀγών | NOUN | N-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 63 μελέτην | nmod | high | ‘For contests’, dependent on μελέτην. |
| 58 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 60 ἵππων | det | high | |
| 59 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 60 ἵππων | cc | medium | Coordinates ἵππων and αὐτῶν. |
| 60 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 57 ἀγῶνας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀγῶνας, horse races/contests. |
| 61 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 62 αὐτῶν | cc | high | Second coordinator in τε ... καί. |
| 62 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 65 ἱππέων | nmod | medium | Genitive ‘of the men themselves’, coordinated with τῶν ἵππων. |
| 63 | μελέτην | μελέτη | NOUN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 ποιούμενοι | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ποιούμενοι. |
| 64 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 65 ἱππέων | det | high | |
| 65 | ἱππέων | ἱππεύς | NOUN | N-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 63 μελέτην | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μελέτην. |
| 66 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 67 ἀποστέλλουσιν | punct | high | |
| 67 | ἀποστέλλουσιν | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 68 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 69 Δελφοὺς | case | high | |
| 69 | Δελφοὺς | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 67 ἀποστέλλουσιν | obl | high | Destination of ἀποστέλλουσιν. |
| 70 | αἰτοῦντες | αἰτέω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 67 ἀποστέλλουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle accompanying the sending. |
| 71 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 72 θεὸν | det | high | |
| 72 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 70 αἰτοῦντες | obj | high | Object of αἰτοῦντες. |
| 73 | ἐκφυγεῖν | ἐκφεύγω | VERB | V-2AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 70 αἰτοῦντες | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of αἰτοῦντες. |
| 74 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 76 κίνδυνον | det | high | |
| 75 | ἐπιόντα | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-PAP-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 76 κίνδυνον | amod | high | Participial adjective ‘impending/approaching’. |
| 76 | κίνδυνον | κίνδυνος | NOUN | N-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 73 ἐκφυγεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἐκφυγεῖν. |
| 77 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 67 ἀποστέλλουσιν | punct | high |
καὶ αὐτοῖς ἀφίκετο μάντευμα·
The verb ἀφίκετο is third-person singular aorist middle, likely meaning ‘came/reached’; αὐτοῖς is a dative complement, plausibly referring to the recipients of the oracle. The exact semantic relation of the dative is mildly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | τε- | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | |
| 2 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | pp3pd | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 3 ἀφίκετο | iobj | medium | Dative recipient/goal of the verb; antecedent is supplied by context. |
| 3 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V3SAMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | μάντευμα | μάντευμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | punct | high |
συμβαλέω θνητόν τε καὶ ἀθάνατον μαχέσασθαι, νίκην δʼ ἀμφοτέροις δώσω, θνητῷ δέ νυ μᾶλλον.
The opening συμβαλέω is interpreted as a first-person present form with aorist-middle infinitival complement; the final clause elliptically contrasts the greater favor shown to the mortal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συμβαλέω | συμβάλλω | VERB | V-PAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | First-person present indicative; construed with an infinitival complement. |
| 2 | θνητόν | θνητός | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μαχέσασθαι | obj | high | Substantivized masculine accusative, object of μαχέσασθαι. |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 2 θνητόν | cc | medium | First member of τε ... καί coordination; enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἀθάνατον | cc | high | Coordinates ἀθάνατον with θνητόν. |
| 5 | ἀθάνατον | ἀθάνατος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 θνητόν | conj | high | Substantivized masculine accusative, coordinated with θνητόν. |
| 6 | μαχέσασθαι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 συμβαλέω | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive, complement of συμβαλέω. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 συμβαλέω | punct | high | |
| 8 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 δώσω | obj | high | Direct object of δώσω. |
| 9 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 δώσω | cc | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 10 | ἀμφοτέροις | ἀμφότερος | PRON | P-D-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual | 11 δώσω | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary, ‘to both’. |
| 11 | δώσω | δίδωμι | VERB | V-FAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 1 συμβαλέω | conj | high | Future first-person singular coordinated predicate. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 δώσω | punct | high | |
| 13 | θνητῷ | θνητός | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 μᾶλλον | obl | high | Substantivized dative, ‘for/to the mortal’; beneficiary or affected participant. |
| 14 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 θνητῷ | cc | medium | Postpositive connective, marking contrast or continuation. |
| 15 | νυ | νῦν | ADV | ADV | _ | 16 μᾶλλον | advmod | low | Enclitic form νυ, often temporal (‘now’) or discourse-related; exact force uncertain here. |
| 16 | μᾶλλον | μᾶλλον | ADV | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 11 δώσω | advmod | medium | Comparative adverb modifying δώσω, with θνητῷ as the favored beneficiary. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 δώσω | punct | high |