Grammar parses for passage 10.1.7
Open translation for this passage
προσετέτακτο δὲ τοῖς ἀνδράσιν, εἰ ἡττᾶσθαι τοὺς Φωκέας συμβαίνοι τῇ μάχῃ, τότε δὴ προαποσφάξαι μὲν τὰς γυναῖκάς τε καὶ παῖδας καὶ ὡς ἱερεῖα ἀναθέντας ταῦτά τε καὶ τὰ χρήματα ἐπὶ τὴν πυρὰν καὶ ἐνέντας πῦρ οὕτως ἤδη διαφθαρῆναι καὶ αὐτοὺς ἤτοι ὑπʼ ἀλλήλων ἢ ἐς τὴν ἵππον τῶν Θεσσαλῶν ἐσπίπτοντας.
The sentence is a long indirect report with several coordinated infinitival and participial clauses; the main syntactic difficulty is determining the control/attachment of the participles and the εἰ-clause under the reported command.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προσετέτακτο | προστάσσω | VERB | V-PLUP-3S-PE-M | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plur|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of indirect discourse; pluperfect middle/passive form. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 προσετέτακτο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-APM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 ἀνδράσιν | det | high | Article modifying ἀνδράσιν. |
| 4 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 προσετέτακτο | iobj | high | Dative of indirect object/recipient with προσετέτακτο. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 προσετέτακτο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 συμβαίνοι | mark | high | Conditional marker. |
| 7 | ἡττᾶσθαι | ἡττάομαι | VERB | V-PN-- | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 10 συμβαίνοι | xcomp | medium | Infinitive in indirect statement; aspect/tense not fully explicit in lemma form. |
| 8 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-APM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 Φωκέας | det | high | Article modifying Φωκέας. |
| 9 | Φωκέας | Φωκεύς | PROPN | Ne-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἡττᾶσθαι | obj | high | Object of ἡττᾶσθαι. |
| 10 | συμβαίνοι | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 προσετέτακτο | advcl | medium | Optative in indirect condition with εἰ. |
| 11 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 μάχῃ | det | high | Article modifying μάχῃ. |
| 12 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 συμβαίνοι | obl | high | Dative of circumstance/instrument with συμβαίνοι. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 συμβαίνοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 προαποσφάξαι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 15 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 16 προαποσφάξαι | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 16 | προαποσφάξαι | προαποσφάζω | VERB | V-AAN | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 προσετέτακτο | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated in the reported instructions. |
| 17 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 16 προαποσφάξαι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 18 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | L-APF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 γυναῖκάς | det | high | Article modifying γυναῖκας. |
| 19 | γυναῖκάς | γυνή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 προαποσφάξαι | obj | high | Direct object of προαποσφάξαι. |
| 20 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 19 γυναῖκάς | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 παῖδας | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 22 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 προαποσφάξαι | obj | high | Coordinated object of προαποσφάξαι. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 ἀναθέντας | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 24 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 ἀναθέντας | mark | medium | Introduces manner/comparative clause or purpose-like participial construction. |
| 25 | ἱερεῖα | ἱερεῖον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ἀναθέντας | obj | medium | Neuter plural form; likely predicate/object with participle. |
| 26 | ἀναθέντας | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 προαποσφάξαι | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying the implied agents. |
| 27 | ταῦτά | οὗτος | DET | Pd-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 31 χρήματα | det | high | Demonstrative modifying χρήματα. |
| 28 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 27 ταῦτά | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 χρήματα | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 30 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 31 χρήματα | det | high | Article modifying χρήματα. |
| 31 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 36 ἐνέντας | obj | high | Object of ἐνέντας. |
| 32 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 34 πυρὰν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 33 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 34 πυρὰν | det | high | Article modifying πυράν. |
| 34 | πυρὰν | πυρά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 ἐνέντας | obl | high | Goal/locative object with ἐπί. |
| 35 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 36 ἐνέντας | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 36 | ἐνέντας | ἐνίημι | VERB | V-AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 προαποσφάξαι | advcl | high | Participial clause coordinated with ἀναθέντας. |
| 37 | πῦρ | πῦρ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 36 ἐνέντας | obj | high | Object of ἐνέντας. |
| 38 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 40 διαφθαρῆναι | advmod | high | Manner adverb. |
| 39 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 40 διαφθαρῆναι | advmod | high | Aspectual/adverbial modifier. |
| 40 | διαφθαρῆναι | διαφθείρω | VERB | V-APN | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 16 προαποσφάξαι | xcomp | high | Infinitive complementary to the sequence of commands. |
| 41 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 40 διαφθαρῆναι | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 42 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 40 διαφθαρῆναι | nsubj | high | Subject of διαφθαρῆναι in accusative with infinitive. |
| 43 | ἤτοι | ἤτοι | PART | G-------- | _ | 46 ἢ | discourse | high | Correlative/disjunctive particle. |
| 44 | ὑπʼ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 45 ἀλλήλων | case | high | Preposition. |
| 45 | ἀλλήλων | ἀλλήλων | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Rcp | 40 διαφθαρῆναι | obl | high | Agent/comitative phrase with ὑπό. |
| 46 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 40 διαφθαρῆναι | cc | high | Disjunctive coordinator. |
| 47 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 49 ἵππον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 48 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 49 ἵππον | det | high | Article modifying ἵππον. |
| 49 | ἵππον | ἵππος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 52 ἐσπίπτοντας | obl | high | Goal with εἰς. |
| 50 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 51 Θεσσαλῶν | det | high | Article modifying Θεσσαλῶν. |
| 51 | Θεσσαλῶν | Θεσσαλός | PROPN | Ne-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 49 ἵππον | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἵππον. |
| 52 | ἐσπίπτοντας | ἐσπίπτω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 40 διαφθαρῆναι | advcl | high | Participial clause coordinated with the prior infinitive. |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 προσετέτακτο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀντὶ τούτου μὲν ἅπαντα τὰ ἀνάλγητα βουλεύματα ἀπόνοια ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων ὀνομάζεται Φωκική.
The construction is elliptical and appositive: ἀπόνοια and Φωκική are difficult to assign with certainty in the naming predicate γύρω from ὀνομάζεται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | _ | _ | 2 τούτου | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 2 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 1 ἀντὶ | obl | high | Object of ἀντί. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἀπόνοια | discourse | high | Postpositive particle; paired contrastively with omitted δέ. |
| 4 | ἅπαντα | ἅπας | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 βουλεύματα | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying βουλεύματα. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 βουλεύματα | det | high | Article with βουλεύματα. |
| 6 | ἀνάλγητα | ἀνάλγητος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 βουλεύματα | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying βουλεύματα. |
| 7 | βουλεύματα | βούλευμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ὀνομάζεται | obj | medium | Accusative object in the naming/predicate structure. |
| 8 | ἀπόνοια | ἀπόνοια | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ὀνομάζεται | xcomp | low | Likely predicate nominative or secondary predicate with ὀνομάζεται; syntactic role somewhat uncertain. |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 10 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 10 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ὀνομάζεται | obl | high | Agentive/genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 11 | ὀνομάζεται | ὀνομάζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 12 | Φωκική | Φωκικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀπόνοια | amod | low | Likely agrees with ἀπόνοια as a predicate/modifying adjective; case/gender interpretation depends on the clause analysis. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ὀνομάζεται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τότε δὲ οἱ Φωκεῖς ἐποιοῦντο αὐτίκα ἐπὶ τοὺς Θεσσαλοὺς ἔξοδον·
Simple narrative clause; ἔξοδον is the object of ἐποιοῦντο, with ἐπὶ τοὺς Θεσσαλούς expressing direction/target.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | _ | _ | 5 ἐποιοῦντο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the verbal predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἐποιοῦντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Φωκεῖς | det | high | Article modifying Φωκεῖς. |
| 4 | Φωκεῖς | Φωκεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐποιοῦντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποιοῦντο. |
| 5 | ἐποιοῦντο | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb in imperfect middle indicative. |
| 6 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | _ | _ | 10 ἔξοδον | advmod | medium | Adverb modifying ἔξοδον; placement somewhat loose. |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Θεσσαλοὺς | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 8 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 Θεσσαλοὺς | det | high | Article modifying Θεσσαλούς. |
| 9 | Θεσσαλοὺς | Θεσσαλός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἔξοδον | obl | high | Prepositional object of ἐπί. |
| 10 | ἔξοδον | ἔξοδος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐποιοῦντο | obj | high | Direct object; phrase ἐπὶ τοὺς Θεσσαλούς is attached as a prepositional modifier. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐποιοῦντο | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |