Grammar parses for passage 10.11.3
Open translation for this passage
ἀνέθεσαν δὲ καὶ ἀνδριάντας Λιπαραῖοι ναυμαχίᾳ κρατήσαντες Τυρρηνῶν.
The participial phrase ναυμαχίᾳ κρατήσαντες Τυρρηνῶν is circumstantial, most naturally indicating the manner or circumstance under which the Lipareans dedicated the statues.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-2AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P | _ | 1 ἀνέθεσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἀνδριάντας | cc | high | Connects the coordinated object. |
| 4 | ἀνδριάντας | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 5 | Λιπαραῖοι | Λιπαραῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | Subject, ethnic plural. |
| 6 | ναυμαχίᾳ | ναυμαχία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κρατήσαντες | obl | medium | Likely dative of circumstance/means with the participle. |
| 7 | κρατήσαντες | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 Λιπαραῖοι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the subject. |
| 8 | Τυρρηνῶν | Τυρρηνός | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 κρατήσαντες | obj | high | Genitive complement of κρατέω ('prevailing over'). |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οἱ δὲ Λιπαραῖοι οὗτοι Κνιδίων μὲν ἦσαν ἄποικοι, τῆς δὲ ἀποικίας ἡγεμόνα γενέσθαι φασὶν ἄνδρα Κνίδιον·
The clause with φασὶν is dependent on ἦσαν, and the infinitive γενέσθαι takes a double accusative phrase (ἡγεμόνα ἄνδρα Κνίδιον).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 Λιπαραῖοι | det | high | Article modifying the noun phrase Λιπαραῖοι οὗτοι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 Λιπαραῖοι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | Λιπαραῖοι | Λιπαραῖος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Predicate subject with οἱ and οὗτοι. |
| 4 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 Λιπαραῖοι | det | high | Demonstrative modifying Λιπαραῖοι. |
| 5 | Κνιδίων | Κνίδιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἄποικοι | nmod | medium | Genitive of source/parentage with ἄποικοι. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 5 Κνιδίων | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 7 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular predicate. |
| 8 | ἄποικοι | ἄποικος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἦσαν | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative with ἦσαν. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἦσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἀποικίας | det | high | Article modifying ἀποικίας. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἀποικίας | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 12 | ἀποικίας | ἀποικία | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἡγεμόνα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἡγεμόνα. |
| 13 | ἡγεμόνα | ἡγεμών | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Object of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 14 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 15 φασὶν | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive of φασὶν. |
| 15 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἦσαν | ccomp | high | Reported-speech verb governed by ἦσαν. |
| 16 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Object of γενέσθαι, with Κνίδιον as adjective-like modifier. |
| 17 | Κνίδιον | Κνίδιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἄνδρα | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἄνδρα. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἦσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ὄνομα δὲ εἶναί οἱ Πένταθλον Ἀντίοχος ὁ Ξενοφάνους Συρακούσιος ἐν τῇ Σικελιώτιδι συγγραφῇ φησι.
Indirect statement with ὄνομα εἶναί under φησι; the dative οἱ is best taken as a dative of reference/ethical dative, though it is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 φησι | obj | high | Accusative/nominalized infinitival subject-like object of λέγει/φησι? Parsed as predicate nominal in indirect statement; case form is nominative/accusative ambiguity in orthography. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 φησι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 φησι | ccomp | high | Infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 φησι | iobj | low | Likely ethical dative / dative of reference with φησι; form is ambiguous without context. |
| 5 | Πένταθλον | Πένταθλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 φησι | xcomp | medium | Object/predicate name in indirect statement; accusative form. |
| 6 | Ἀντίοχος | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 φησι | nsubj | high | Subject of φησι. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ξενοφάνους | det | high | Article with patronymic. |
| 8 | Ξενοφάνους | Ξενοφάνης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀντίοχος | nmod | high | Genitive patronymic dependent on Ἀντίοχος. |
| 9 | Συρακούσιος | Συρακούσιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀντίοχος | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying Ἀντίοχος. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 13 συγγραφῇ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 11 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Σικελιώτιδι | det | high | Article. |
| 12 | Σικελιώτιδι | Σικελιώτις | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 συγγραφῇ | amod | high | Adjectival form used substantively/attributively with συγγραφῇ. |
| 13 | συγγραφῇ | συγγραφή | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 φησι | obl | high | Locative/instrumental oblique with ἐν. |
| 14 | φησι | φημί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 φησι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
λέγει δὲ καὶ ὡς ἐπὶ Παχύνῳ τῇ ἄκρᾳ τῇ ἐν Σικελίᾳ κτίσαντες πόλιν αὐτοὶ μὲν ἐκπίπτουσιν ὑπὸ Ἐλύμων καὶ Φοινίκων πολέμῳ πιεσθέντες,
The syntax is a reported statement with two circumstantial participles; ὡς introduces the indirect discourse, while the genitive phrase with ὑπό is taken as agent of the passive participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγει | λέγω | VERB | V-3SPIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 λέγει | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ὡς | cc | medium | Likely coordinates the indirect statement marker with prior context. |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 1 λέγει | mark | high | Marks indirect discourse content. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 6 Παχύνῳ | case | high | Preposition governing place name. |
| 6 | Παχύνῳ | Παχύνος | PROPN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 κτίσαντες | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί. |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-s---FD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἄκρᾳ | det | high | Article with ἄκρᾳ. |
| 8 | ἄκρᾳ | ἄκρα | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 κτίσαντες | obl | high | Appositional/location phrase with Παχύνῳ. |
| 9 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-s---FD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἄκρᾳ | det | high | Article with implied/attributive ἄκρᾳ phrase. |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Σικελίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 11 | Σικελίᾳ | Σικελία | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἄκρᾳ | nmod | medium | Likely dependent of ἄκρᾳ, expressing location. |
| 12 | κτίσαντες | κτίζω | VERB | V-APP-NM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 13 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 κτίσαντες | obj | high | Object of κτίσαντες. |
| 14 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 16 ἐκπίπτουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐκπίπτουσιν. |
| 15 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 14 αὐτοὶ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 16 | ἐκπίπτουσιν | ἐκπίπτω | VERB | V-3PPIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 λέγει | ccomp | high | Complement of λέγει. |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 18 Ἐλύμων | case | high | Agentive preposition. |
| 18 | Ἐλύμων | Ἔλυμοι | PROPN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 πιεσθέντες | obl | medium | Likely agent with passive participle. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 Ἐλύμων | cc | high | Coordinates agents. |
| 20 | Φοινίκων | Φοίνικες | PROPN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Ἐλύμων | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive agent. |
| 21 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 πιεσθέντες | obl | high | Dative of cause/means with participle. |
| 22 | πιεσθέντες | πιέζω | VERB | V-APP-NM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 16 ἐκπίπτουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial passive participle modifying the subject. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐκπίπτουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |