Grammar parses for passage 10.11.4
Open translation for this passage
τούτων Λιπάραν μὲν κτίσαντες πόλιν ἐνταῦθα οἰκοῦσιν, Ἱέραν δὲ καὶ Στρογγύλην καὶ Διδύμας γεωργοῦσι διαβαίνοντες ναυσὶν ἐς αὐτάς.
Two coordinated clauses share an understood subject; κτίσαντες and διαβαίνοντες are circumstantial participles. τούτων is a partitive genitive, and the coordinated island names are objects of the respective verbs.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | RD-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 οἰκοῦσιν | obl | high | Partitive genitive: 'of these'. |
| 2 | Λιπάραν | Λιπάρα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 κτίσαντες | obj | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 7 οἰκοῦσιν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, paired with δέ. |
| 4 | κτίσαντες | κτίζω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 οἰκοῦσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with understood subject. |
| 5 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 κτίσαντες | obj | high | Object of κτίσαντες. |
| 6 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | _ | 7 οἰκοῦσιν | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 7 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 οἰκοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 9 | Ἱέραν | Ἱέρα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 γεωργοῦσι | obj | high | |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | PART | 粒 | _ | 15 γεωργοῦσι | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, paired with μέν. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 Στρογγύλην | cc | high | Coordinates island objects. |
| 12 | Στρογγύλην | Στρογγύλη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 γεωργοῦσι | conj | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 14 Διδύμας | cc | high | Coordinates island objects. |
| 14 | Διδύμας | Διδύμη | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 γεωργοῦσι | conj | medium | Plural accusative form of the island name. |
| 15 | γεωργοῦσι | γεωργέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 οἰκοῦσιν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 16 | διαβαίνοντες | διαβαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 γεωργοῦσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, manner or means. |
| 17 | ναυσὶν | ναῦς | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 διαβαίνοντες | obl | high | Instrumental dative: 'by ships'. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 19 αὐτάς | case | high | |
| 19 | αὐτάς | αὐτός | PRON | RD-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 διαβαίνοντες | obl | high | Object of ἐς; refers to the islands. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 οἰκοῦσιν | punct | high |
ἐν δὲ τῇ Στρογγύλῃ καὶ πῦρ δῆλόν ἐστιν ἀνιὸν ἐκ τῆς γῆς· καὶ ἐν Ἱέρᾳ δὲ πῦρ τε αὐτόματον ἐπὶ ἄκρας ἀνακαίεται τῆς νήσου καὶ ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ λουτρά ἐστιν ἐπιτήδεια, εἰ δέξεταί σε ἠπίως τὸ ὕδωρ, ἐπεὶ ἄλλως γε χαλεπὸν ὑπὸ ζεστότητός ἐστιν ἐμβαίνεσθαι.
The sentence contains two coordinated locative clauses. In the final clause, δέξεται is future middle in a conditional protasis; ἐμβαίνεσθαι is a passive infinitive dependent on χαλεπόν ἐστιν, with ὕδωρ as its accusative subject. The form ἄκρας is taken as a genitive singular modifying the understood summit/height, though the local syntax is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 4 Στρογγύλῃ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | DAFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Στρογγύλῃ | det | high | |
| 4 | Στρογγύλῃ | Στρογγύλη | PROPN | NDFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | obl | high | Locative island name. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 πῦρ | cc | high | |
| 6 | πῦρ | πῦρ | NOUN | NANS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | δῆλόν | δῆλος | ADJ | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with copula. |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | ἀνιὸν | ἄνειμι | VERB | VPAPNSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 πῦρ | acl | high | Participial modifier of πῦρ. |
| 10 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 12 γῆς | case | high | |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | DAFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 γῆς | det | high | |
| 12 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνιὸν | obl | high | |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ἀνακαίεται | cc | high | Coordinates the second major clause. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 16 Ἱέρᾳ | case | high | |
| 16 | Ἱέρᾳ | Ἱέρα | PROPN | N-D-SF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἀνακαίεται | obl | high | Locative island name. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ἀνακαίεται | cc | high | |
| 18 | πῦρ | πῦρ | NOUN | NANS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἀνακαίεται | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 πῦρ | cc | high | Correlative coordination with later καί. |
| 20 | αὐτόματον | αὐτόματος | ADJ | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 πῦρ | amod | high | |
| 21 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 22 ἄκρας | case | high | |
| 22 | ἄκρας | ἄκρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἀνακαίεται | obl | medium | Genitive of place/height in a compressed phrase. |
| 23 | ἀνακαίεται | ἀνακαίω | VERB | V3SPIE | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate; understood subject πῦρ. |
| 24 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | D-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 νήσου | det | high | |
| 25 | νήσου | νῆσος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἄκρας | nmod | high | Dependent genitive specifying the island. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 λουτρά | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate/property. |
| 27 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 28 θαλάσσῃ | case | high | |
| 28 | θαλάσσῃ | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 λουτρά | obl | high | |
| 29 | λουτρά | λουτρόν | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 30 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 23 ἀνακαίεται | conj | high | Copular predicate coordinated with ἀνακαίεται; plural neuter subject with singular verb is possible. |
| 31 | ἐπιτήδεια | ἐπιτήδειος | ADJ | A--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 33 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 34 δέξεταί | mark | high | |
| 34 | δέξεταί | δέχομαι | VERB | V3SFMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 30 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Future-middle protasis. |
| 35 | σε | σύ | PRON | P2AS | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs | 34 δέξεταί | obj | high | |
| 36 | ἠπίως | ἤπιος | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 34 δέξεταί | advmod | high | |
| 37 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 38 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 38 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 34 δέξεταί | nsubj | high | Accusative-looking form is formally nominative/accusative; interpreted as nominative subject. |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 34 δέξεταί | punct | high | |
| 40 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 46 ἐστιν | mark | high | Causal subordinate clause. |
| 41 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Pos | 43 χαλεπὸν | advmod | high | |
| 42 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 41 ἄλλως | advmod | high | |
| 43 | χαλεπὸν | χαλεπός | ADJ | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 46 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Impersonal predicate adjective. |
| 44 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 45 ζεστότητός | case | high | |
| 45 | ζεστότητός | ζεστότης | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 χαλεπὸν | obl | high | Causal genitive with ὑπό. |
| 46 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 34 δέξεταί | advcl | high | Finite predicate of the causal clause. |
| 47 | ἐμβαίνεσθαι | ἐμβαίνω | VERB | VMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 46 ἐστιν | csubj | medium | Passive infinitive, impersonal construction; could be analyzed as xcomp under χαλεπόν. |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἀνακαίεται | punct | high |