Grammar parses for passage 10.12.2
Open translation for this passage
ἡ δὲ Ἡροφίλη νεωτέρα μὲν ἐκείνης, φαίνεται δὲ ὅμως πρὸ τοῦ πολέμου γεγονυῖα καὶ αὕτη τοῦ Τρωικοῦ,
The syntax is elliptical: νεωτέρα is predicative with φαίνεται, while the final αὕτη τοῦ Τρωικοῦ likely resumes the subject and refers elliptically to the Trojan War.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἡροφίλη | det | high | Article modifying Ἡροφίλη. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 Ἡροφίλη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | Ἡροφίλη | Ἡροφίλη | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 φαίνεται | nsubj | high | Subject of φαίνεται. |
| 4 | νεωτέρα | νεώτερος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 φαίνεται | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with φαίνεται; agreement with Ἡροφίλη. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 νεωτέρα | discourse | high | Correlative particle with δέ. |
| 6 | ἐκείνης | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 νεωτέρα | obl | medium | Comparative complement 'than that woman'. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φαίνεται | punct | high | Comma. |
| 8 | φαίνεται | φαίνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 φαίνεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 10 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | _ | _ | 8 φαίνεται | advmod | high | Adverb modifying φαίνεται. |
| 11 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | _ | _ | 8 φαίνεται | obl | medium | Prepositional phrase dependent on φαίνεται. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 πολέμου | det | high | Article with πολέμου. |
| 13 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πρὸ | nmod | high | Object of πρὸ. |
| 14 | γεγονυῖα | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 φαίνεται | advcl | medium | Perfect participle, adverbial/secondary predication. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 αὕτη | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 16 | αὕτη | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 14 γεγονυῖα | conj | medium | Coordinated with Ἡροφίλη / linked to participial clause; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Τρωικοῦ | det | high | Article with Τρωικοῦ. |
| 18 | Τρωικοῦ | Τρωικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 πολέμου | nmod | medium | Likely genitive substantive 'of the Trojan [war]'; modifies πολέμου. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φαίνεται | punct | high | Comma. |
καὶ Ἑλένην τε προεδήλωσεν ἐν τοῖς χρησμοῖς, ὡς ἐπʼ ὀλέθρῳ τῆς Ἀσίας καὶ Εὐρώπης τραφήσοιτο ἐν Σπάρτῃ, καὶ ὡς Ἴλιον ἁλώσεται διʼ αὐτὴν ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων.
The sentence has one main verb with two coordinated ὡς-clauses; the first contains an embedded prepositional phrase with a genitive complement, and the second is a passive future clause with ὑπό-agent and διʼ phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 προεδήλωσεν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking clauses |
| 2 | Ἑλένην | Ἑλένη | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 προεδήλωσεν | obj | high | Direct object of προεδήλωσεν |
| 3 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 2 Ἑλένην | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective particle, likely attached to Ἑλένην/phrase |
| 4 | προεδήλωσεν | προδηλόω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 4 προεδήλωσεν | obl | high | Introduces prepositional phrase |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 χρησμοῖς | det | high | Article modifying χρησμοῖς |
| 7 | χρησμοῖς | χρησμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐν | obl | high | Object of ἐν |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 προεδήλωσεν | punct | high | Punctuation |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 16 τραφήσοιτο | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement/temporal clause |
| 10 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 11 ὀλέθρῳ | case | high | Preposition governing ὀλέθρῳ |
| 11 | ὀλέθρῳ | ὄλεθρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 τραφήσοιτο | obl | high | Prepositional complement with ἐπί |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀσίας | det | high | Article modifying Ἀσίας |
| 13 | Ἀσίας | Ἀσία | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ὀλέθρῳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ὀλέθρῳ |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 Εὐρώπης | cc | high | Connects coordinated genitive |
| 15 | Εὐρώπης | Εὐρώπη | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀσίας | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἀσίας |
| 16 | τραφήσοιτο | τρέφω | VERB | _ | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 9 ὡς | ccomp | high | Dependent verb in ὡς-clause |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 18 Σπάρτῃ | case | high | Preposition governing Σπάρτῃ |
| 18 | Σπάρτῃ | Σπάρτη | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 τραφήσοιτο | obl | high | Locative prepositional phrase |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 τραφήσοιτο | punct | high | Punctuation |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 23 ἁλώσεται | cc | high | Coordinates second ὡς-clause |
| 21 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 23 ἁλώσεται | mark | high | Introduces second clause |
| 22 | Ἴλιον | Ἴλιον | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἁλώσεται | obj | high | Subject/accusative in passive future construction |
| 23 | ἁλώσεται | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 4 προεδήλωσεν | ccomp | high | Second dependent clause under προεδήλωσεν |
| 24 | διʼ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 25 αὐτὴν | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτὴν |
| 25 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 23 ἁλώσεται | obl | high | Causal/agentive prepositional complement with διά |
| 26 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 27 Ἑλλήνων | case | high | Preposition governing Ἑλλήνων |
| 27 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἁλώσεται | obl | high | Agent in passive construction with ὑπό |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 προεδήλωσεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation |
Δήλιοι δὲ καὶ ὕμνον μέμνηνται τῆς γυναικὸς ἐς Ἀπόλλωνα.
Main clause with μέμνηνται as the finite root; Δήλιοι is the subject, and the prepositional phrase ἐς Ἀπόλλωνα modifies the remembered hymn.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Δήλιοι | Δήλιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 μέμνηνται | nsubj | high | Used substantivally: the Delians. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 μέμνηνται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ὕμνον | cc | high | Coordinates ὕμνον with an implied/understood second object or discourse element. |
| 4 | ὕμνον | ὕμνος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 μέμνηνται | obj | high | Direct object of μέμνηνται; with καί likely adds another object understood from context. |
| 5 | μέμνηνται | μιμνῄσκομαι | VERB | V-PRR-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive in meaning 'remember'. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 γυναικὸς | det | high | Article with γυναικός. |
| 7 | γυναικὸς | γυνή | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 μέμνηνται | nmod | high | Genitive complement with μέμνηνται. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 9 Ἀπόλλωνα | case | high | Poetic/epic form of εἰς. |
| 9 | Ἀπόλλωνα | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 μέμνηνται | obl | high | Prepositional object of ἐς. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 μέμνηνται | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
καλεῖ δὲ οὐχ Ἡροφίλην μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἄρτεμιν ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν αὑτήν, καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος γυνὴ γαμετή, τοτὲ δὲ ἀδελφὴ καὶ αὖθις θυγάτηρ φησὶν εἶναι.
The syntax is partly quotative/reportive: καλεῖ introduces the first predicative naming, while φησίν governs an infinitival complement with coordinated predicate nominals.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καλεῖ | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖ | advmod | high | Negating adverb/particle modifying καλεῖ. |
| 4 | Ἡροφίλην | Ἡροφίλη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 καλεῖ | obj | high | First object of καλεῖ. |
| 5 | μόνον | μόνος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Ἡροφίλην | det | medium | Likely adverbial/intensifying use; token form is neuter acc. sg. agreeing ad sensum or functioning adverbially. |
| 6 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖ | cc | high | Correlative coordinator. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 Ἄρτεμιν | cc | high | Connects the coordinated second object. |
| 8 | Ἄρτεμιν | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Ἡροφίλην | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἡροφίλην under the same object relation. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖ | obl | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 10 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-NDPM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἔπεσιν | det | high | Article modifying ἔπεσιν. |
| 11 | ἔπεσιν | ἔπος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐν | obj | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 12 | αὑτήν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Reflex=Yes | 1 καλεῖ | obj | medium | Reflexive/intensive pronoun; likely predicative/appositional object of καλεῖ. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 γυνὴ | cc | high | Links the following nominal phrase in coordination. |
| 15 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 γυνὴ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of γυνὴ. |
| 16 | γυνὴ | γυνή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 καλεῖ | xcomp | medium | Predicate/quotative complement in the reported content. |
| 17 | γαμετή | γαμετή | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 γυνὴ | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying γυνὴ. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | τοτὲ | τότε | ADV | D | _ | 25 φησὶν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying φησίν. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 25 φησὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 21 | ἀδελφὴ | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 φησὶν | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominal in indirect statement. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 θυγάτηρ | cc | high | Coordinates ἀδελφὴ and θυγάτηρ. |
| 23 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 25 φησὶν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying φησίν. |
| 24 | θυγάτηρ | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀδελφὴ | conj | high | Coordinated predicate nominal. |
| 25 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 καλεῖ | parataxis | high | Reporting verb dependent on the first clause. |
| 26 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-NA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 25 φησὶν | xcomp | high | Complement of φησίν. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖ | punct | high | Punctuation. |