Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.12.4

← 10.12.3 10.12.5 →

Passage 10.12.4

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3sentences parsed

89Greek tokens

2,584input tokens

6,046output tokens

Sentence 1

10.12.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 22
Input: 792
Output: 1,497
Total: 2,289

ἦν δὲ ἔτι καὶ νῦν ἐν τῇ Ἴδῃ τῇ Τρωικῇ πόλεως Μαρπήσσου τὰ ἐρείπια καὶ ἐν αὐτοῖς οἰκήτορες ὅσον ἑξήκοντα ἄνθρωποι·

The sentence has an existential/copular structure with ἐρείπια as the principal nominative; οἰκήτορες is coordinated, and the final numeral phrase quantifies its inhabitants.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἦν	εἰμί	VERB	V- Impf Act Ind 3 Sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperfect\|Voice=Act	14 ἐρείπια	cop	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 ἐρείπια	cc	high
3	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	ADV	_	1 ἦν	advmod	high
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	5 νῦν	advmod	medium	Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’.
5	νῦν	νῦν	ADV	ADV	_	1 ἦν	advmod	high
6	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	8 Ἴδῃ	case	high
7	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Art Dat Fem Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 Ἴδῃ	det	high
8	Ἴδῃ	Ἴδη	PROPN	N- Dat Fem Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐρείπια	obl	high
9	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Art Dat Fem Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 Τρωικῇ	det	high
10	Τρωικῇ	Τρωικός	ADJ	A- Dat Fem Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 Ἴδῃ	amod	high	Agrees with Ἴδῃ.
11	πόλεως	πόλις	NOUN	N- Gen Fem Sg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 Μαρπήσσου	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on the following place name.
12	Μαρπήσσου	Μάρπησσα	PROPN	N- Gen Fem Sg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐρείπια	nmod	high	Appositional/genitival specification of the ruins.
13	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Art Nom Neut Pl	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 ἐρείπια	det	high
14	ἐρείπια	ἐρείπιον	NOUN	N- Nom Neut Pl	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	0 ROOT	root	high
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	18 οἰκήτορες	cc	high
16	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	17 αὐτοῖς	case	high
17	αὐτοῖς	αὐτός	PRON	P- Dat Masc Pl	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	18 οἰκήτορες	obl	high	Refers to the ruins/buildings; masculine form may be substantivized.
18	οἰκήτορες	οἰκήτωρ	NOUN	N- Nom Masc Pl	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 ἐρείπια	conj	high	Coordinated nominal predicate/subject-like phrase.
19	ὅσον	ὅσος	ADV	A- Acc Neut Sg	Degree=Pos	20 ἑξήκοντα	advmod	medium	Adverbial quantitative form, introducing an approximate number.
20	ἑξήκοντα	ἑξήκοντα	NUM	NUM	NumType=Card	21 ἄνθρωποι	nummod	high
21	ἄνθρωποι	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N- Nom Masc Pl	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 οἰκήτορες	nmod	high	Quantified appositional specification of the inhabitants.
22	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐρείπια	punct	high

Sentence 2

10.12.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 53
Input: 1,092
Output: 3,546
Total: 4,638

ὑπέρυθρος δὲ πᾶσα ἡ περὶ τὴν Μάρπησσον γῆ καὶ δεινῶς ἐστιν αὐχμώδης, ὥστε καὶ τῷ Ἀϊδωνεῖ ποταμῷ καταδύεσθαί τε ἐς τὴν χώραν καὶ ἀνασχόντι τὸ αὐτὸ αὖθις πάσχειν, τέλος δὲ καὶ ἀφανίζεσθαι κατὰ τῆς γῆς, αἴτιον ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἐστιν ὅτι λεπτή τε κατὰ τοῦτο καὶ σηραγγώδης ἐστὶν ἡ Ἴδη.

The sentence contains a result construction introduced by ὥστε with coordinated infinitives, followed by an explanatory clause in which δοκεῖν is parenthetical and ὅτι introduces the reason.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὑπέρυθρος	ὑπέρυθρος	ADJ	Attic-Ionic adjective nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 αὐχμώδης	conj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	conjunction	_	12 αὐχμώδης	cc	high
3	πᾶσα	πᾶς	DET	adjective-pronoun nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 γῆ	det	high
4	ἡ	ὁ	DET	article nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 γῆ	det	high
5	περὶ	περί	ADP	preposition governing accusative	_	7 Μάρπησσον	case	high
6	τὴν	ὁ	DET	article acc sg fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 Μάρπησσον	det	high
7	Μάρπησσον	Μάρπησσα	PROPN	proper noun acc sg fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 γῆ	nmod	high
8	γῆ	γῆ	NOUN	noun nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 αὐχμώδης	nsubj	high
9	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	conjunction	_	12 αὐχμώδης	cc	high
10	δεινῶς	δεινῶς	ADV	adverb	_	12 αὐχμώδης	advmod	high
11	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	pres act ind 3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	12 αὐχμώδης	cop	high
12	αὐχμώδης	αὐχμώδης	ADJ	adjective nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	12 αὐχμώδης	punct	high
14	ὥστε	ὥστε	SCONJ	conjunction introducing result clause	_	19 καταδύεσθαί	mark	high
15	καὶ	καί	ADV	adverbial particle	_	19 καταδύεσθαί	advmod	high
16	τῷ	ὁ	DET	article dat sg masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ποταμῷ	det	high
17	Ἀϊδωνεῖ	Ἀϊδωνεύς	PROPN	proper noun dat sg masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ποταμῷ	nmod	medium	Name may be analyzed as an attributive proper-name modifier of ποταμῷ.
18	ποταμῷ	ποταμός	NOUN	noun dat sg masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 καταδύεσθαί	obl	high	Dative with καταδύεσθαι, expressing the river as the subject/agent of the coordinated infinitives.
19	καταδύεσθαί	καταδύω	VERB	pres mid inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	34 ἀφανίζεσθαι	advcl	high	First infinitive in the ὥστε result construction.
20	τε	τε	CCONJ	enclitic conjunction	_	19 καταδύεσθαί	cc	high
21	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	preposition governing accusative	_	23 χώραν	case	high
22	τὴν	ὁ	DET	article acc sg fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 χώραν	det	high
23	χώραν	χώρα	NOUN	noun acc sg fem	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 καταδύεσθαί	obl	high
24	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	conjunction	_	29 πάσχειν	cc	high
25	ἀνασχόντι	ἀνέχω	VERB	aor act ptcp dat sg masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	29 πάσχειν	advcl	medium	Dative participle, coordinated with the preceding result infinitive; exact attachment and force are somewhat compressed.
26	τὸ	ὁ	DET	article acc sg neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	27 αὐτὸ	det	high
27	αὐτὸ	αὐτός	PRON	pronoun acc sg neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	29 πάσχειν	obj	high	Substantivized/neuter object: the same thing.
28	αὖθις	αὖθις	ADV	adverb	_	29 πάσχειν	advmod	high
29	πάσχειν	πάσχω	VERB	pres act inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	34 ἀφανίζεσθαι	conj	high	Coordinated result infinitive with καταδύεσθαι.
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	34 ἀφανίζεσθαι	punct	high
31	τέλος	τέλος	ADV	adverbial accusative	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	34 ἀφανίζεσθαι	advmod	high
32	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	conjunction	_	34 ἀφανίζεσθαι	cc	high
33	καὶ	καί	ADV	adverbial particle	_	34 ἀφανίζεσθαι	advmod	high
34	ἀφανίζεσθαι	ἀφανίζω	VERB	pres mid inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	42 ἐστιν	csubj	high	Infinitival subject of ἐστιν in the explanatory clause.
35	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	preposition governing accusative	_	37 γῆς	case	high
36	τῆς	ὁ	DET	article gen sg fem	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	37 γῆς	det	high
37	γῆς	γῆ	NOUN	noun gen sg fem	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	34 ἀφανίζεσθαι	obl	high	The transmitted preposition-plus-genitive phrase is locative/figurative; case government is syntactically notable.
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	42 ἐστιν	punct	high
39	αἴτιον	αἴτιος	ADJ	adjective acc sg neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	42 ἐστιν	xcomp	medium	Predicative accusative with δοκεῖν understood as an accusative-and-infinitive-like construction.
40	ἐμοὶ	ἐγώ	PRON	first-person pronoun dat sg	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	41 δοκεῖν	iobj	high
41	δοκεῖν	δοκέω	VERB	pres act inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	42 ἐστιν	advcl	medium	Parenthetical infinitive: 'as it seems to me'; attachment is necessarily approximate.
42	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	pres act ind 3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite predicate of the explanatory clause.
43	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	conjunction introducing content clause	_	50 ἐστὶν	mark	high
44	λεπτή	λεπτός	ADJ	adjective nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	50 ἐστὶν	conj	high	Predicative adjective coordinated with σηραγγώδης.
45	τε	τε	CCONJ	enclitic conjunction	_	44 λεπτή	cc	high
46	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	preposition governing accusative	_	47 τοῦτο	case	high
47	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	demonstrative pronoun acc sg neut	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	44 λεπτή	obl	high	Adverbial κατά phrase: in this respect/place.
48	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	conjunction	_	49 σηραγγώδης	cc	high
49	σηραγγώδης	σηραγγώδης	ADJ	adjective nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	44 λεπτή	conj	high
50	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	AUX	pres act ind 3sg	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	42 ἐστιν	ccomp	high	Finite verb of the ὅτι content clause.
51	ἡ	ὁ	DET	article nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	52 Ἴδη	det	high
52	Ἴδη	Ἴδη	PROPN	proper noun nom sg fem	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	50 ἐστὶν	nsubj	high
53	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	42 ἐστιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

10.12.4 sentence 3

Tokens: 14
Input: 700
Output: 1,003
Total: 1,703

ἀπέχει δὲ Ἀλεξανδρείας τῆς ἐν τῇ Τρῳάδι τεσσαράκοντα ἡ Μάρπησσος καὶ διακόσια στάδια.

ἀπέχει takes a genitive place of departure and an accusative measure of extent; τεσσαράκοντα and διακόσια jointly quantify στάδια, with the second numeral linked by καί.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀπέχει	ἀπέχω	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Impersonal distance expression: 'is distant'.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἀπέχει	cc	high
3	Ἀλεξανδρείας	Ἀλεξάνδρεια	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 ἀπέχει	obl	high	Genitive of measure/distance from a place.
4	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 Τρῳάδι	det	high
5	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	7 Τρῳάδι	case	high
6	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 Τρῳάδι	det	high
7	Τρῳάδι	Τρῳάς	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 Ἀλεξανδρείας	nmod	high	Appositional/place-specifying modifier of Alexandria.
8	τεσσαράκοντα	τεσσαράκοντα	NUM	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|NumType=Card\|Number=Plur	13 στάδια	nummod	high
9	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 Μάρπησσος	det	high
10	Μάρπησσος	Μάρπησσος	PROPN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 ἀπέχει	nsubj	high	Subject of ἀπέχει.
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	12 διακόσια	cc	high
12	διακόσια	διακόσιοι	NUM	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|NumType=Card\|Number=Plur	13 στάδια	nummod	high
13	στάδια	στάδιον	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	1 ἀπέχει	obl	high	Accusative of extent of distance; coordinated numeral quantities.
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἀπέχει	punct	high

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