Grammar parses for passage 10.14.7
Open translation for this passage
Δελφῶν δὲ ἀνάθημά ἐστιν αὐτῶν πλησίον τοῦ βωμοῦ τοῦ μεγάλου λύκος χαλκοῦς.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: πλησίον takes the genitive βωμοῦ and probably αὐτῶν as its complement, while λύκος χαλκοῦς is an appositive/predicate description of the dedication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Δελφῶν | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἀνάθημά | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/association modifying ἀνάθημα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | -------- | _ | 3 ἀνάθημά | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἀνάθημά | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate; root of the sentence. |
| 5 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 πλησίον | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent of πλησίον, referring to the Delphians/objects just mentioned. |
| 6 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | advmod | medium | Used adverbially/postpositionally with genitive complement. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 βωμοῦ | det | high | Article modifying βωμοῦ. |
| 8 | βωμοῦ | βωμός | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πλησίον | nmod | high | Genitive complement of πλησίον. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 λύκος | det | high | Article modifying λύκος. |
| 10 | μεγάλου | μέγας | ADJ | A-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λύκος | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying λύκος. |
| 11 | λύκος | λύκος | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀνάθημά | appos | medium | Appositive predicate nominative identifying the dedication. |
| 12 | χαλκοῦς | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λύκος | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying λύκος. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
λέγουσι δὲ τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ χρημάτων συλήσαντα ἄνθρωπον, τὸν μὲν ὁμοῦ τῷ χρυσίῳ κατακρύψαντα ἔχειν αὑτὸν ἔνθα τοῦ Παρνασσοῦ μάλιστα ἦν συνεχὲς ὑπὸ ἀγρίων δένδρων, λύκον δὲ ἐπιθέσθαι οἱ καθεύδοντι, καὶ ἀποθανεῖν τε ὑπὸ τοῦ λύκου τὸν ἄνθρωπον καὶ ὡς ἐς τὴν πόλιν ὁσημέραι φοιτῶν ὠρύετο ὁ λύκος·
Indirect discourse with multiple coordinated infinitival complements under λέγουσι; the string οἱ καθεύδοντι is syntactically awkward and likely textually problematic.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 1 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-Gen-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 χρημάτων | det | high | Article with χρημάτων. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-Gen-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 θεοῦ | det | high | Article with θεοῦ. |
| 5 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 χρημάτων | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of χρημάτων. |
| 6 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἄνθρωπον | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive phrase modifying ἄνθρωπον. |
| 7 | συλήσαντα | συλάω | VERB | V-APA-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἄνθρωπον | amod | high | Aorist participle modifying ἄνθρωπον. |
| 8 | ἄνθρωπον | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 λέγουσι | obj | high | Object of λέγουσι; head of participial complements. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἄνθρωπον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-Acc-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἄνθρωπον | det | high | Article introducing appositive/relative participial phrase. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G | _ | 10 τὸν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 12 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D | _ | 15 κατακρύψαντα | advmod | high | Adverb modifying κατακρύψαντα. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-Dat-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 χρυσίῳ | det | high | Article with χρυσίῳ. |
| 14 | χρυσίῳ | χρυσίον | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 κατακρύψαντα | obl | high | Dative complement of ὁμοῦ/verb phrase. |
| 15 | κατακρύψαντα | κατακρύπτω | VERB | V-APA-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἄνθρωπον | acl | high | Participial clause modifying ἄνθρωπον. |
| 16 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 κατακρύψαντα | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of κατακρύψαντα/implicit narration. |
| 17 | αὑτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | Px-3 | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 16 ἔχειν | obj | high | Reflexive object of ἔχειν. |
| 18 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | D | _ | 22 ἦν | advmod | high | Locative adverb with ἦν. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-Gen-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 Παρνασσοῦ | det | high | Article with Παρνασσοῦ. |
| 20 | Παρνασσοῦ | Παρνασσός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἔνθα | nmod | high | Genitive with ἔνθα expressing location. |
| 21 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D | _ | 23 συνεχὲς | advmod | high | Modifier of συνεχές. |
| 22 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 23 συνεχὲς | cop | high | Copula with συνεχές as predicate. |
| 23 | συνεχὲς | συνεχής | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ἐπιθέσθαι | advcl | medium | Likely adverbial/predicative adjunct in the locative clause; analysis uncertain. |
| 24 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 26 δένδρων | case | high | Preposition. |
| 25 | ἀγρίων | ἄγριος | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 δένδρων | amod | high | Attributive adjective with δένδρων. |
| 26 | δένδρων | δένδρον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 συνεχὲς | obl | high | Genitive phrase governed by ὑπό. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 συνεχὲς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 28 | λύκον | λύκος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἐπιθέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Subject of the infinitive ἐπιθέσθαι (ACC + INF construction). |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 28 λύκον | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 30 | ἐπιθέσθαι | ἐπιτίθημι | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement in indirect discourse. |
| 31 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-3DS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 30 ἐπιθέσθαι | iobj | medium | Likely dative of interest/recipient with ἐπιθέσθαι; text may intend article for καθεύδοντι. |
| 32 | καθεύδοντι | καθεύδω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 οἱ | acl | medium | Participle modifying the dative pronoun/article. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐπιθέσθαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 35 ἀποθανεῖν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 35 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Coordinated infinitival complement in indirect discourse. |
| 36 | τε | τε | PART | G | _ | 35 ἀποθανεῖν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 37 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 39 λύκου | case | high | Preposition. |
| 38 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-Gen-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 39 λύκου | det | high | Article with λύκου. |
| 39 | λύκου | λύκος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 ἀποθανεῖν | obl | high | Agent/causer phrase with ὑπό. |
| 40 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-Acc-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 41 ἄνθρωπον | det | high | Article with ἄνθρωπον. |
| 41 | ἄνθρωπον | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 ἀποθανεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἀποθανεῖν. |
| 42 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 35 ἀποθανεῖν | cc | high | Coordinates the final clause/complement. |
| 43 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 49 ὠρύετο | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction. |
| 44 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 46 πόλιν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 45 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-Acc-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 46 πόλιν | det | high | Article with πόλιν. |
| 46 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 49 ὠρύετο | obl | high | Goal/source phrase with ἐς. |
| 47 | ὁσημέραι | ὁσημέραι | ADV | D | _ | 48 φοιτῶν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying φοιτῶν. |
| 48 | φοιτῶν | φοιτάω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 49 ὠρύετο | advcl | high | Participial adverbial clause modifying ὠρύετο. |
| 49 | ὠρύετο | ὠρύομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 1 λέγουσι | conj | high | Coordinated main verb under λέγουσι. |
| 50 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 51 λύκος | det | high | Article with λύκος. |
| 51 | λύκος | λύκος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 49 ὠρύετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ὠρύετο. |
| 52 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 49 ὠρύετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἐπεὶ δὲ οὐκ ἄνευ θεοῦ παραγίνεσθαί σφισιν ὑπελάμβανον, οὕτως ἐπακολουθοῦσι τῷ θηρίῳ, καὶ ἀνευρίσκουσί τε τὸ ἱερὸν χρυσίον καὶ ἀνέθεσαν λύκον τῷ θεῷ χαλκοῦν.
The syntax is a chain of coordinated verbs after the causal clause; the infinitive παραγίνεσθαί has an implied subject in the dative σφισιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ὑπελάμβανον | mark | high | subordinating conjunction introducing causal clause |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 ὑπελάμβανον | discourse | high | postpositive discourse particle |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 6 παραγίνεσθαί | advmod | high | negation of infinitive |
| 4 | ἄνευ | ἄνευ | ADP | _ | _ | 5 θεοῦ | case | high | preposition governing genitive |
| 5 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παραγίνεσθαί | obl | high | object of ἄνευ |
| 6 | παραγίνεσθαί | παραγίγνομαι | VERB | V-PAI? | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 8 ὑπελάμβανον | xcomp | high | complement infinitive with inferred subject σφισιν |
| 7 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---D- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 παραγίνεσθαί | obl | medium | dative of reference/advantage; spelling reflects enclitic dative form |
| 8 | ὑπελάμβανον | ὑπολαμβάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb of causal clause |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ὑπελάμβανον | punct | high | punctuation |
| 10 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | _ | _ | 11 ἐπακολουθοῦσι | advmod | high | manner adverb |
| 11 | ἐπακολουθοῦσι | ἐπακολουθέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ὑπελάμβανον | conj | high | coordinated main verb |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 θηρίῳ | det | high | article with θηρίῳ |
| 13 | θηρίῳ | θηρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἐπακολουθοῦσι | obl | high | dative complement of ἐπακολουθέω |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐπακολουθοῦσι | punct | high | punctuation |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἀνευρίσκουσί | cc | high | coordinating conjunction |
| 16 | ἀνευρίσκουσί | ἀνευρίσκω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἐπακολουθοῦσι | conj | high | coordinated verb |
| 17 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἀνευρίσκουσί | discourse | high | enclitic connective particle |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 χρυσίον | det | high | article with χρυσίον |
| 19 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 χρυσίον | amod | high | attributive adjective |
| 20 | χρυσίον | χρυσίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἀνευρίσκουσί | obj | high | direct object of ἀνευρίσκουσι |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | coordinating conjunction |
| 22 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ἐπακολουθοῦσι | conj | high | coordinated aorist verb |
| 23 | λύκον | λύκος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | direct object of ἀνέθεσαν |
| 24 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 θεῷ | det | high | article with θεῷ |
| 25 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀνέθεσαν | iobj | high | dative of recipient |
| 26 | χαλκοῦν | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 λύκον | amod | medium | likely agreeing with λύκον; could be predicative semantically |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | punctuation |