Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 10.16.2

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Passage 10.16.2

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

60Greek tokens

2,235input tokens

4,354output tokens

Sentence 1

10.16.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 15
Input: 699
Output: 1,114
Total: 1,813

σχῆμα δὲ τοῦ ὑποθήματος κατὰ πύργον μάλιστα ἐς μύουρον ἀνιόντα ἀπὸ εὐρυτέρου τοῦ κάτω·

The syntax is compressed and partly elliptical; the safest analysis treats σχῆμα as the root with several prepositional/attributive dependents, while the participial phrase ἀνιόντα ἀπὸ εὐρυτέρου τοῦ κάτω is somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	σχῆμα	σχῆμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high	Main nominal predicate/root.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	1 σχῆμα	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	RA-NSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 ὑποθήματος	det	high	Article modifying ὑποθήματος.
4	ὑποθήματος	ὑπόθημα	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 σχῆμα	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of σχῆμα.
5	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	_	_	6 πύργον	case	high	Preposition governing πύργον.
6	πύργον	πύργος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 σχῆμα	obl	high	Prepositional complement of σχῆμα.
7	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	_	_	10 ἀνιόντα	advmod	high	Modifies ἀνιόντα.
8	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	9 μύουρον	case	high	Preposition governing μύουρον.
9	μύουρον	μύουρος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἀνιόντα	obl	medium	Likely object of motion with ἐς; form and syntax somewhat uncertain.
10	ἀνιόντα	ἀνίημι	VERB	V-PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	1 σχῆμα	amod	medium	Attributive participle modifying σχῆμα; agreement is slightly uncertain, but best fit in context.
11	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	_	_	12 εὐρυτέρου	case	high	Preposition governing εὐρυτέρου.
12	εὐρυτέρου	εὐρύς	ADJ	A-GSN-CMP	Case=Gen\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 ἀνιόντα	obl	medium	Genitive complement with ἀπό; possibly elliptical with κάτω.
13	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	RA-NSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 κάτω	det	high	Article modifying κάτω.
14	κάτω	κάτω	ADV	_	_	12 εὐρυτέρου	advmod	medium	Substantivized adverb used with article in genitive phrase; attachment is uncertain.
15	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 σχῆμα	punct	high	Sentence punctuation.

Sentence 2

10.16.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 23
Input: 778
Output: 1,660
Total: 2,438

ἑκάστη δὲ πλευρὰ τοῦ ὑποθήματος οὐ διὰ πάσης πέφρακται, ἀλλά εἰσιν αἱ πλάγιαι τοῦ σιδήρου ζῶναι ὥσπερ ἐν κλίμακι οἱ ἀναβασμοί·

The second clause uses a comparative image: the bars/strips of iron are like the steps of a ladder; ὥσπερ ἐν κλίμακι is attached as a comparative oblique, and ἀναβασμοί is treated as the compared nominative.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἑκάστη	ἕκαστος	ADJ	A-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 πλευρὰ	amod	high	Modifier of πλευρά.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	G	_	3 πλευρὰ	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	πλευρὰ	πλευρά	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 πέφρακται	nsubj	high	Subject of πέφρακται.
4	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ὑποθήματος	det	high	Article modifying ὑποθήματος.
5	ὑποθήματος	ὑπόθημα	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	3 πλευρὰ	nmod	high	Genitive complement of πλευρά.
6	οὐ	οὐ	PART	D	_	9 πέφρακται	advmod	high	Negation of πέφρακται.
7	διὰ	διά	ADP	R	Case=Gen	8 πάσης	case	high	Preposition governing πάσης.
8	πάσης	πᾶς	ADJ	A-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 πέφρακται	obl	high	With διά, 'throughout'.
9	πέφρακται	φράσσω	VERB	V-3SPI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of first clause.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 πέφρακται	punct	high	Punctuation.
11	ἀλλά	ἀλλά	CCONJ	G	_	12 εἰσιν	cc	high	Adversative conjunction.
12	εἰσιν	εἰμί	VERB	V-3PPI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Second clause predicate.
13	αἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	17 ζῶναι	det	high	Article modifying πλάγιαι.
14	πλάγιαι	πλάγιος	ADJ	A-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	17 ζῶναι	amod	high	Attributive adjective to ζῶναι.
15	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	16 σιδήρου	det	high	Article modifying σιδήρου.
16	σιδήρου	σίδηρος	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 ζῶναι	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of ζῶναι.
17	ζῶναι	ζώνη	NOUN	N-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	12 εἰσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of εἰσιν.
18	ὥσπερ	ὥσπερ	SCONJ	G	_	12 εἰσιν	mark	medium	Introduces comparison; attached to the predication.
19	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	Case=Dat	20 κλίμακι	case	high	Preposition governing κλίμακι.
20	κλίμακι	κλίμαξ	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 εἰσιν	obl	high	Comparative locative phrase.
21	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	22 ἀναβασμοί	det	high	Article modifying ἀναβασμοί.
22	ἀναβασμοί	ἀναβασμός	NOUN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 εἰσιν	nsubj	high	Second nominative in comparison; likely appositional/comparative parallel to ζῶναι.
23	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	12 εἰσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 3

10.16.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 22
Input: 758
Output: 1,580
Total: 2,338

τὰ δὲ ἐλάσματα τοῦ σιδήρου τὰ ὀρθὰ ἀνέστραπται κατὰ τὰ ἄκρα ἐς τὸ ἐκτός, καὶ ἕδρα τοῦτο ἦν τῷ κρατῆρι.

The first clause has a somewhat compressed description with ἐκτός functioning adverbially despite the prepositioned form; ἕδρα τοῦτο is annotated as a nominative subject plus appositive demonstrative.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	3 ἐλάσματα	det	high	Article modifying ἐλάσματα.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	8 ἀνέστραπται	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐλάσματα	ἐλάσμα	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	8 ἀνέστραπται	nsubj:pass	high	Subject of passive perfect.
4	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 σιδήρου	det	high	Article modifying σιδήρου.
5	σιδήρου	σίδηρος	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 ἐλάσματα	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of ἐλάσματα.
6	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	7 ὀρθὰ	det	high	Article modifying ὀρθὰ.
7	ὀρθὰ	ὀρθός	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	3 ἐλάσματα	amod	medium	Likely adjectival modifier of ἐλάσματα; case may reflect loose apposition or attraction.
8	ἀνέστραπται	ἀναστρέφω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main predicate, perfect middle/passive form with passive sense.
9	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	_	_	11 ἄκρα	case	high	Preposition governing ἄκρα.
10	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	11 ἄκρα	det	high	Article modifying ἄκρα.
11	ἄκρα	ἄκρον	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	8 ἀνέστραπται	obl	high	Oblique complement of ἀνέστραπται with κατὰ.
12	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	14 ἐκτός	case	high	Preposition governing ἐκτός.
13	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 ἐκτός	det	high	Article modifying ἐκτός.
14	ἐκτός	ἐκτός	ADV	_	_	8 ἀνέστραπται	advmod	medium	Adverbial phrase with preposition; treated as oblique direction/result modifier.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἀνέστραπται	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
16	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	19 ἦν	cc	high	Coordinator linking the second clause.
17	ἕδρα	ἕδρα	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 ἦν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἦν.
18	τοῦτο	οὗτος	PRON	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	17 ἕδρα	appos	medium	Likely appositive or predicative demonstrative with ἕδρα.
19	ἦν	εἰμί	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Second clause main verb.
20	τῷ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	21 κρατῆρι	det	high	Article modifying κρατῆρι.
21	κρατῆρι	κρατήρ	NOUN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 ἦν	obl	high	Dative complement of ἦν.
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἦν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

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