Grammar parses for passage 10.17.13
Open translation for this passage
πλὴν δὲ ἢ βοτάνης μιᾶς καθαρεύει καὶ ἀπὸ φαρμάκων ἡ νῆσος ὅσα ἐργάζεται θάνατον·
The sentence has an elliptical contrastive construction: πλὴν ... ἢ βοτάνης μιᾶς means that, except for one herb, the island is free of whatever it produces that causes death; ὅσα is a neuter plural relative accusative functioning as the object of ἐργάζεται, with θάνατον as its result/object complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | ADV/PREP | _ | 6 καθαρεύει | advmod | medium | Concessive/exclusive particle or preposition; analyzed here as an adverbial modifier of καθαρεύει. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | PART | _ | 6 καθαρεύει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 βοτάνης | cc | high | Coordinates the exception phrase. |
| 4 | βοτάνης | βοτάνη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 καθαρεύει | obl | medium | Genitive in the exception construction after πλὴν, with omitted/elliptical governing relation. |
| 5 | μιᾶς | εἷς | NUM | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 βοτάνης | amod | high | Feminine genitive singular numeral modifying βοτάνης. |
| 6 | καθαρεύει | καθαρεύω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 φαρμάκων | cc | high | Coordinates the two ἀπό-phrases. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 φαρμάκων | case | high | Preposition governing φαρμάκων. |
| 9 | φαρμάκων | φάρμακον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 καθαρεύει | obl | high | Second source/separation complement of καθαρεύει, coordinated with the elliptical βοτάνης phrase. |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 νῆσος | det | high | Article modifying νῆσος. |
| 11 | νῆσος | νῆσος | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 καθαρεύει | nsubj | high | Subject of καθαρεύει. |
| 12 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐργάζεται | obj | medium | Neuter plural relative form, likely the object of ἐργάζεται; its antecedent is implicit/semantically generic. |
| 13 | ἐργάζεται | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 9 φαρμάκων | acl:relcl | medium | Relative-clause predicate modifying the understood contents/substances associated with φαρμάκων; singular subject is implicit. |
| 14 | θάνατον | θάνατος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐργάζεται | obj | medium | Accusative result/object of ἐργάζεται, ‘produces death’; exact semantic relation is somewhat elliptical. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 καθαρεύει | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἡ πόα δὲ ἡ ὀλέθριος σελίνῳ μέν ἐστιν ἐμφερής, τοῖς φαγοῦσι δὲ γελῶσιν ἐπιγίνεσθαι τὴν τελευτὴν λέγουσιν.
The sentence has a copular first clause; τοῖς φαγοῦσιν is a dative substantival participle, and γελῶσιν is best read as a dative participle agreeing with it, with ἐπιγίνεσθαι as the infinitive complement of λέγουσιν and τὴν τελευτήν as its subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 πόα | det | high | |
| 2 | πόα | πόα | NOUN | N------NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐμφερής | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἐμφερής | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὀλέθριος | det | high | |
| 5 | ὀλέθριος | ὀλέθριος | ADJ | A-----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 πόα | amod | high | Feminine form despite identical masculine nominative form. |
| 6 | σελίνῳ | σέλινον | NOUN | N-----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐμφερής | obl | high | Dative of comparison/reference with ἐμφερής. |
| 7 | μέν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 9 ἐμφερής | discourse | high | |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἐμφερής | cop | high | |
| 9 | ἐμφερής | ἐμφερής | ADJ | A-----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate adjective. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐμφερής | punct | high | |
| 11 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 φαγοῦσι | det | high | Substantivizes the participle. |
| 12 | φαγοῦσι | ἐσθίω | VERB | V-AAP-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐπιγίνεσθαι | obl | high | Substantival dative participle, 'for those who eat it'. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 14 | γελῶσιν | γελάω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 φαγοῦσι | conj | medium | Read as a dative present participle agreeing with τοῖς φαγοῦσι; form can be ambiguous without accents/context. |
| 15 | ἐπιγίνεσθαι | ἐπιγίγνομαι | VERB | V-PMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 τελευτὴν | det | high | |
| 17 | τελευτὴν | τελευτή | NOUN | N-----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐπιγίνεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 18 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἐμφερής | parataxis | high | Impersonal/general reporting verb; subject is understood. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐμφερής | punct | high |
φύεται δὲ μάλιστα ἡ πόα περὶ τὰς πηγάς, οὐ μέντοι μεταδίδωσί γε καὶ τῷ ὕδατι τοῦ ἰοῦ.
Two coordinated clauses: φύεται has subject ἡ πόα and a περὶ phrase; μεταδίδωσι is negated and takes τῷ ὕδατι as dative recipient/goal and τοῦ ἰοῦ as genitive object/content. The spelling μεταδίδωσί reflects final accent before γε; ἰός means ‘poison’ here.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φύεται | φύω | VERB | V-PII-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb; middle/deponent in the sense ‘grows’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 φύεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV-SUP | Degree=Sup | 1 φύεται | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying φύεται. |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόα | det | high | |
| 5 | πόα | πόα | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 φύεται | nsubj | high | Subject of φύεται. |
| 6 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | _ | 8 πηγάς | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 7 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 πηγάς | det | high | |
| 8 | πηγάς | πηγή | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 φύεται | obl | high | Locative circumstantial phrase ‘around the springs’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φύεται | punct | high | |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | ADV | Polarity=Neg | 12 μεταδίδωσί | advmod | high | Negates μεταδίδωσι. |
| 11 | μέντοι | μέντοι | PART | PRT | _ | 12 μεταδίδωσί | advmod | high | Adversative particle, ‘however/nevertheless’. |
| 12 | μεταδίδωσί | μεταδίδωμι | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 φύεται | conj | high | Finite verb coordinated with φύεται; final accent is orthographic before enclitic γε. |
| 13 | γε | γε | PART | PRT | _ | 12 μεταδίδωσί | advmod:emph | high | Emphatic enclitic. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ὕδατι | cc | medium | Likely additive connective within the second clause; may be read with the dative phrase. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ὕδατι | det | high | |
| 16 | ὕδατι | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-NSD | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 μεταδίδωσί | iobj | high | Dative recipient/goal with μεταδίδωμι, ‘to the water’. |
| 17 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἰοῦ | det | high | Article substantivizing or accompanying the genitive noun phrase. |
| 18 | ἰοῦ | ἰός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 μεταδίδωσί | obj | medium | Genitive object/content of μεταδίδωμι, ‘poison’; syntactic analysis of this genitive can vary. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φύεται | punct | high |