Grammar parses for passage 10.17.4
Open translation for this passage
οἱ δὲ καὶ Δαίδαλον ἀποδρᾶναι τηνικαῦτα †καὶ οἴκου διὰ τὴν ἐπιστρατείαν τὴν Κρητῶν καὶ ἀποικίας ἐς τὴν Σαρδὼ μετασχεῖν τῷ Ἀρισταίῳ νομίζουσιν·
The syntax is difficult because ἀποδρᾶναι and μετασχεῖν are coordinated infinitival complements of νομίζουσιν, with several prepositional/genitive phrases whose attachment is partly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 νομίζουσιν | nsubj | high | Article used substantively with implied men/people. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 23 νομίζουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 ἀποδρᾶναι | cc | medium | Links infinitival complements; scope somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | Δαίδαλον | Δαίδαλος | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποδρᾶναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 5 | ἀποδρᾶναι | ἀποδιδράσκω | VERB | v--ana--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of νομίζουσιν. |
| 6 | τηνικαῦτα | τηνικαῦτα | ADV | d-------- | _ | 5 ἀποδρᾶναι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the infinitive. |
| 7 | † | † | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀποδρᾶναι | punct | low | Editorial cruft/damage mark; syntactically opaque. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 20 μετασχεῖν | cc | medium | Coordinates with ἀποδρᾶναι/another infinitive. |
| 9 | οἴκου | οἶκος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποδρᾶναι | obl | medium | Likely genitive of separation with ἀποδρᾶναι. |
| 10 | διὰ | διά | ADP | r-------- | Case=Acc | 12 ἐπιστρατείαν | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἐπιστρατείαν | det | high | Article modifying ἐπιστρατείαν. |
| 12 | ἐπιστρατείαν | ἐπιστρατεία | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποδρᾶναι | obl | high | Prepositional phrase dependent on ἀποδρᾶναι. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Κρητῶν | det | high | Article modifying Κρητῶν. |
| 14 | Κρητῶν | Κρῆτες | PROPN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐπιστρατείαν | nmod | medium | Genitive modifier of ἐπιστρατείαν; token form is archaic/possibly proper noun-like. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 20 μετασχεῖν | cc | high | Coordinates infinitival complements. |
| 16 | ἀποικίας | ἀποικία | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 μετασχεῖν | obj | medium | Could also be coordinated with prior phrase; accusative fits with μετασχεῖν. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | Case=Acc | 20 μετασχεῖν | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Σαρδὼ | det | high | Article modifying Σαρδὼ. |
| 19 | Σαρδὼ | Σαρδώ | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 μετασχεῖν | obl | high | Goal complement of ἐς with μετασχεῖν. |
| 20 | μετασχεῖν | μετέχω | VERB | v--ana--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of νομίζουσιν. |
| 21 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Ἀρισταίῳ | det | high | Article modifying Ἀρισταίῳ. |
| 22 | Ἀρισταίῳ | Ἀρισταῖος | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 μετασχεῖν | obl | medium | Dative with μετασχεῖν; possibly an indirect object/reference. |
| 23 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 νομίζουσιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἔχοι δʼ ἂν λόγον οὐδένα Αὐτονόῃ τῇ Κάδμου συνοικήσαντι τῷ Ἀρισταίῳ Δαίδαλον ἢ ἀποικίας ἢ ἄλλου τινὸς μετεσχηκέναι, ὃς ἡλικίαν κατὰ Οἰδίποδα ἦν βασιλεύοντα ἐν Θήβαις.
The clause with μετεσχηκέναι is an indirect statement dependent on λόγον, and the relative clause beginning ὃς is syntactically somewhat irregular in its participial phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχοι | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοι | advmod | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 4 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχοι | obj | high | Direct object of ἔχοι. |
| 5 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 λόγον | amod | high | Attributive modifier of λόγον. |
| 6 | Αὐτονόῃ | Αὐτόνοη | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχοι | iobj | high | Dative of reference/interest with the implied comparison. |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 συνοικήσαντι | det | high | Article with συνοικήσαντι. |
| 8 | Κάδμου | Κάδμος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 συνοικήσαντι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of συνοικήσαντι. |
| 9 | συνοικήσαντι | συνοικέω | VERB | V-AAI-PTC-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Valency=Intrans|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 Αὐτονόῃ | acl | medium | Dative participle agreeing with Αὐτονόῃ; syntax somewhat context-dependent. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DSM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Δαίδαλον | det | high | Article with Δαίδαλον. |
| 11 | Ἀρισταίῳ | Ἀρισταῖος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Δαίδαλον | nmod | high | Modifier of Δαίδαλον. |
| 12 | Δαίδαλον | Δαίδαλος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 μετεσχηκέναι | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of infinitive μετεσχηκέναι. |
| 13 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἀποικίας | cc | high | First coordinated alternative. |
| 14 | ἀποικίας | ἀποικία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 μετεσχηκέναι | obj | medium | Likely genitive dependent in the infinitival phrase; exact relation uncertain. |
| 15 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἄλλου | cc | high | Second coordinated alternative. |
| 16 | ἄλλου | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 μετεσχηκέναι | nmod | high | Modifier of τινός. |
| 17 | τινὸς | τις | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 18 μετεσχηκέναι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μετεσχηκέναι. |
| 18 | μετεσχηκέναι | μετέχω | VERB | V-RAI-NA | Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 λόγον | conj | high | Infinitival complement in indirect discourse after λόγον. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 μετεσχηκέναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 24 ἦν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun subject of ἦν. |
| 21 | ἡλικίαν | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἦν | obj | medium | Accusative of respect/measure with ἦν βασιλεύοντα. |
| 22 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 23 Οἰδίποδα | case | high | Preposition governing Οἰδίποδα. |
| 23 | Οἰδίποδα | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἡλικίαν | nmod | high | Object of κατὰ. |
| 24 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἔχοι | parataxis | medium | Introduces relative clause; link to main clause is discourse-level. |
| 25 | βασιλεύοντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Participle dependent on ἦν; accusative form is syntactically unusual, likely attracted by ὃς/ἡλικίαν context. |
| 26 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 27 Θήβαις | case | high | Preposition governing Θήβαις. |
| 27 | Θήβαις | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 βασιλεύοντα | obl | high | Locative complement of βασιλεύοντα. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχοι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
πόλιν δʼ οὖν οἰκίζουσιν οὐδεμίαν οὐδʼ οὗτοι, ὅτι ἀριθμῷ τε καὶ ἰσχύι ἐλάσσονες ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἢ κατὰ πόλεως ἦσαν οἰκισμόν.
The clause after ὅτι is syntactically compressed; ἐλάσσονες δοκεῖν ἦσαν may reflect an infinitival complement with a comparative phrase, but the exact attachment of ἢ κατὰ πόλεως ἦσαν οἰκισμόν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 οἰκίζουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of οἰκίζουσιν. |
| 2 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 οἰκίζουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | PRT | _ | 4 οἰκίζουσιν | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | οἰκίζουσιν | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 5 | οὐδεμίαν | οὐδείς | DET | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 1 πόλιν | amod | high | Attributive negative modifier of πόλιν. |
| 6 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 οὗτοι | cc | high | Coordination of subjects/agents. |
| 7 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | PD-PNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 οἰκίζουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of οἰκίζουσιν. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 οἰκίζουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἦσαν | mark | high | Introduces causal clause. |
| 10 | ἀριθμῷ | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐλάσσονες | obl | high | Dative of respect with ἐλάσσονες. |
| 11 | τε | τε | PART | PRT | _ | 10 ἀριθμῷ | discourse | medium | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἰσχύι | cc | high | Coordinates ἀριθμῷ and ἰσχύι. |
| 13 | ἰσχύι | ἰσχύς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀριθμῷ | conj | high | Second coordinated dative of respect. |
| 14 | ἐλάσσονες | ἐλάσσων | ADJ | A-NPM-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἦσαν | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement with infinitive δοκεῖν and implied subject. |
| 15 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 16 δοκεῖν | obl | high | Dative with δοκεῖν. |
| 16 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 ἦσαν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἦσαν. |
| 17 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἦσαν | cc | medium | Introduces comparison, probably correlated with κατὰ. |
| 18 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 οἰκισμόν | case | high | Preposition governing πόλεως. |
| 19 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἦσαν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent of ἦσαν in comparative phrase; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 20 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 4 οἰκίζουσιν | advcl | high | Causal clause predicate, governing infinitival δοκεῖν. |
| 21 | οἰκισμόν | οἰκισμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἦσαν | obl | medium | Object-like complement in phrase κατὰ πόλεως ἦσαν οἰκισμόν; analysis uncertain. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 οἰκίζουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |